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Laser interaction with undercritical foams of different spatial structures

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2025年第1期10卷 39-47页

作者： j.Limpouch V.Tikhonchuk O.Renner Sh.Agarwal T.Burian j.Cervenka j.Dostál R.Dudzák D.Ettel A.Gintrand L.Hudec L.juha O.Klimo m.Krupka m.Krus T.Lastovicka R.Liska W.Nazarov S.K.Singh m.Šilhavík S.Weber Faculty of Nuclear Science and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague11519 PragueCzech Republic The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI-Beamlines FacilityZa Radnicí83525241 DolníBrezanyCzech Republic Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA351 Cours de la Liberation33405 TalenceFrance Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 1999/218200 PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics Czech Academy of Sciences18200 PragueCzech Republic Faculty of mathematics and Physics Charles University12116 PragueCzech Republic Faculty of mechatronics Informatics and Interdisciplinary StudiesTechnical University of Liberec46117 LiberecCzech Republic Independent Foam Target Supplier St.AndrewsFifeScotland

The interaction of high-power laser pulses with undercritical foams produced by different techniques but with the same average density is studied at the PALS laser *** spatial-temporal evolution of X-ray emission is observed using an X-ray streak camera,electron and ion temperatures are measured by X-ray spectroscopy,and hot-electron production is characterized by monochromatic X-ray *** of a femtosecond laser probe pulse through foams is observed in the near and far *** spite of large differences in pore size and foam structure,the velocity of ionization front propagation is quite similar for all the foams studied and is slower than that in a homogeneous material of the same average *** ion temperature in the plasma behind the ionization front is a few times higher than the electron ***-electron production in plastic foams with small pores is strongly suppressed compared with that in solid targets,whereas in foams produced by additive manufacturing,it is significantly increased to the level observed in bare copper foil targets.

关键词： temperature. interaction critical

Proportionally modular Diophantine Inequalities and Their multiplicity

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Acta mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第11期26卷 2059-2070页

作者： josé Carlos rosales manuel Batista BRANCO Paulo VASCO Departamento de lgebra Universidad de Granada Departamento de matemática Departamento de matemática Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro

Let I be an interval of positive rational numbers. Then the set S （I） = T ∩ N, where T is the submonoid of （Q0＋, ＋） generated by T, is a numerical semigroup. These numerical semigroups are called proportionally modular and can be characterized as the set of integer solutions of a Diophantine inequality of the form ax rood b 〈 cx. In this paper we are interested in the study of the maximal intervals I subject to the condition that S （I） has a given multiplicity. We also characterize the numerical semigroups associated with these maximal intervals.

关键词： Numerical semigroup Diophantine inequality multiplicity Frobenius number

Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna jennifer Aguilar Emily Lee William j.mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

Low-cost Position and Force measurement System for Payload Transport Using UAVs

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International journal of Automation and computing 2021年第4期18卷 594-604页

作者： Daniel Ceferino Gandolfo Claudio D.rosales Lucio R.Salinas j.Gimenez Ricardo Carelli Institute of Automation(INAUT) National University of San Juan-CONICETSan Juan J5400ARLArgentina

In recent years, multiple applications have emerged in the area of payload transport using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs). This has attracted considerable interest among the scientific community, especially the cases involving one or several rotarywing UAVs. In this context, this work proposes a novel measurement system which can estimate the payload position and the force exerted by it on the UAV. This measurement system is low cost, easy to implement, and can be used either in indoor or outdoor environments(no sensorized laboratory is needed). The measurement system is validated statically and dynamically. In the first test, the estimations obtained by the system are compared with measurements produced by high-precision devices. In the second test, the system is used in real experiments to compare its performance with the ones obtained using known procedures. These experiments allowed to draw interesting conclusions on which future research can be based.

关键词： Payload transport unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) measurement system path following controller low-cost system

New discoveries of young stars revise our star formation history in the Taurus molecular Cloud

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Science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第04期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 267-268页

作者： Gregory j.Herczeg Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University

As one of the nearest sites of low-mass star formation, the Taurus molecular Cloud provides us with a foundation for how low-mass stars form and evolve. The members include T Tau, the namesake for the entire T Tauri class of stars, the famous HL Tau disk, and several of the most famous protostars. The cluster is not a single site of star formation, but a complicated combination of very young protostars, older generations of stars, along with gas and dust.

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maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na j.jay Liu Young-ju Kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering(Integrated process) Kyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroGiheung-guYongin-siGyeonggi-do 17104Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering and materials Science Ewha Womans University52 Ewhayeodae-gilSeodaemun-guSeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University45 Yongso-roNam-guBusan 48513Republic of Korea Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources124 Gwahak-ro Yuseong-guDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol(1,6-HDO) with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments(LCAs).Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically(USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton) and environmentally(-26.9 kg CO_(2)eq.). This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

Human activities are intensifying the spatial variation of landslides in the Yellow River Basin

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Science Bulletin 2025年第2期70卷 263-272页

作者： Naiman Tian Hengxing Lan Langping Li jianbing Peng Bojie Fu john j.Clague State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention Ministry of Natural ResourcesXi’an 710054China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Earth Sciences Simon Fraser UniversityBurnaby BCV5A 1S6Canada

Human activities are a triggering factor for landslides in the Yellow River Basin(YRB,China).However,the extent to which the spatial distribution of landslides is affected by human activities is *** constructed a human activity intensity index(HAII)based on nighttime light data and land cover *** and dominance analyses were used to compare the effects of the HAII,precipitation,distance to river,distance to fault,topographic relief and slope on the landslides spatial density(LSD).The results showed that in the YRB,the HAII,as a dominance influencing factor,had a significant positive influence on the ***,regional differences in the human disturbance of nature intensify the spatial variation of *** quantify the intensity of human disturbance to nature,a human-nature conflict index(HNCI)is constructed by quantifying the difference between the slope distributions of artificial and natural *** results show that in the middle section of the YRB,humans are developing more steep mountainous areas,leading to more dense *** study provides a reference for landslide risk management and land use planning in the YRB.

关键词： Landslide Human activities Spatial variation Human-nature conflict Yellow River Basin

Context-dependency in medicine:how neuronal excitability influences the impact of dopamine on cognition

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3225-3226页

作者： mahboubeh Ahmadi Nahid Rouhi javad mirnajafi-Zadeh Bechara j.Saab Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran mobio Interactive Pte.Ltd. SingaporeRepublic of Singapore

Dopamine,often termed the"feel-good"neurotransmitter,plays a crucial role in myriad physiological and psychological brain *** dopamine is primarily associated with pleasure,reward,and motivation,its effects can be quite complex;and this complexity is further compounded when examining how dopamine functions in typical versus disease-affected neural *** pa rticula r,epilepsy,characte rized by heightened brain excitability,is linked to cognitive dysfunction,and dopamine is implicated in elements of both its pathology and *** has been successful in describing the synaptic abnormalities believed to contribute to memory issues in epilepsy,aiding in the search for effective therapies for what persists as a major medical issue.

关键词： dopamine epilepsy primarily

Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.johannessen Tor I.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic minimum ice Climate