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Reconstructing the Time-Dependent Thermal Coefcient in 2D Free Boundary Problems

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3681-3699页

作者： m.j.huntul Department of mathematics College of ScienceJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia

The inverse problem of reconstructing the time-dependent thermal conductivity and free boundary coefcients along with the temperature in a two-dimensional parabolic equation with initial and boundary conditions and additional measurements is,for the rst time,numerically *** inverse problem appears extensively in the modelling of various phenomena in engineering and *** instance,steel annealing,vacuum-arc welding,fusion welding,continuous casting,metallurgy,aircraft,oil and gas production during drilling and operation of *** literature we already know that this inverse problem has a unique ***,the problem is still ill-posed by being unstable to noise in the input *** the numerical realization,we apply the alternating direction explicit method along with the Tikhonov regularization to nd a stable and accurate numerical solution of nite *** root mean square error(rmse)values for various noise levels p for both smooth and non-smooth continuous time-dependent coef-cients Examples are *** resulting nonlinear minimization problem is solved numerically using the mATLAB subroutine *** exact and numerically simulated noisy input data are *** results presented for two examples show the efciency of the computational method and the accuracy and stability of the numerical solution even in the presence of noise in the input data.

关键词： Inverse identication problem two-dimensional parabolic equation free boundary Tikhonov regularization nonlinear optimization

Determination of Time-Dependent Coefficients for a Weakly Degenerate Heat Equation

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020年第5期123卷 475-494页

作者： m.j.huntul D.Lesnic Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Applied mathematics University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

In this paper,we consider solving numerically for the first time inverse problems of determining the time-dependent thermal diffusivity coefficient for a weakly degenerate heat equation,which vanishes at the initial moment of time,and/or the convection coefficient along with the temperature for a one-dimensional parabolic equation,from some additional information about the process(the so-called over-determination conditions).Although uniquely solvable these inverse problems are still ill-posed since small changes in the input data can result in enormous changes in the output *** finite difference method with the Crank-Nicolson scheme combined with the nonlinear Tikhonov regularization are *** resulting minimization problem is computationally solved using the mATLAB toolbox routine *** both exact and noisy input data,accurate and stable numerical results are obtained.

关键词： Inverse problem weakly degenerate heat equation Tikhonov’s regularization

Solvability of the Nonlocal Inverse Parabolic Problem and Numerical Results

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第3期40卷 1109-1126页

作者： m.j.huntul Taki-Eddine Oussaeif Department of mathematics College of ScienceJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of mathematics and Informatics Larbi Ben M’hidi UniversityOum El BouaghiAlgeria

In this paper,we consider the unique solvability of the inverse problem of determining the right-hand side of a parabolic equation whose leading coefficient depends on time variable under nonlocal integral overdetermination *** obtain sufficient conditions for the unique solvability of the inverse *** existence and uniqueness of the solution of the inverse parabolic problem upon the data are established using the fixed point *** inverse problem appears extensively in the modelling of various phenomena in engineering and *** example,seismology,medicine,fusion welding,continuous casting,metallurgy,aircraft,oil and gas production during drilling and operation of *** addition,the numerical solution of the inverse problem is studied by using the Crank-Nicolson finite difference method together with the Tikhonov regularization to find a stable and accurate approximate solution of finite *** resulting nonlinear system of parabolic equation is solved computationally using the mATLAB subroutine *** analytical and numerically simulated noisy input data are *** root mean square error values for various noise levels for both continuous and discontinuous time-dependent heat source term are *** results presented for two examples show the efficiency of the computational method and the accuracy and stability of the numerical solution even in the presence of noise in the input ***,the choice of the regularization parameter is also discussed based on the trial and error technique.

关键词： Inverse problem nonlocal integral condition fixed point theorem Tikhonov regularization nonlinear optimization

Brain-penetrating neurotrophic factor mimetics: HER-096 as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1094-1095页

作者： Natalia Kulesskaya Kira m.Holmström Henri j.Huttunen Herantis Pharma Plc EspooFinland

Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases:A major unmet need in the field of central nervous system diseases is disease-modifying *** for decades there have been various symptomatic treatments available to alleviate the symptoms of the disease,disease-modification,*** that stop,significantly delay,or reverse the progression of the disease,has been turned out to a difficult goal to achieve.

关键词： diseases treatment therapeutic

Sleep as a window to understand and regulate Alzheimer's disease:emerging roles of thalamic reticular nucleus

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1711-1712页

作者： Haoqi Sun Shiqian Shen Robert j.Thomas m.Brandon Westover Can Zhang Department of Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Center for Translational Pain Research Department of AnesthesiaCritical Care and Pain MedicineMassachusetis General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Genetics and Aging Research Unit McCance Center for Brain HealthMass General Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Introduction:Alzheimer 's disease(AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder and the primary cause of dementia. Considerable evidence supports the “amyloid hypothesis,” stating that the pathogenesis of AD is primarily caused by the deposition of amyloid-β(Aβ), which drives tau phosphorylation, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration in the brain. The amyloid hypothesis is strengthened by the significant and moderate benefit of lecanemab, a humanized antibody through an anti-amyloid mechanism,showing slowed clinical decline(van Dyck et al.,2023). The recent positive results of anti-amyloid trials have brought back focus on the amyloid hypothesis through biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological approaches(Zhang, 2023).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation hypothesis

Emerging role of A-kinase anchoring protein 5 signaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William j.Flerlage mark L.Dell’Acqua Brian m.Cox Fereshteh S.Nugent Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is a strong evidence supporting the hypothesis of synaptic dysfunction as a major contributor to neural circuit and network disruption underlying emotional and mood dysregulation in psychiatric disorders(Simmons et al.,2024).Diverse sets of distinct molecular signaling pathways converge on the synapse to regulate synaptogenesis,synaptic function,and synaptic plasticity in brain regions and circuits through complex interactions organized by numerous multivalent protein scaffolds,including the family of proteins known as A-kinase anchoring proteins(AKAPs).

关键词： function supporting

Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.johannessen Tor I.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. In general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic minimum ice Climate

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha j.Holdsworth Alistair j.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi mātai medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： marcos j.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska matthias Schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis