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Functional Optical Fiber Sensors Detecting Imperceptible Physical/Chemical Changes for Smart Batteries

Nano-micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 268-308页

作者： Yiding Li Li Wang Youzhi Song Wenwei Wang Cheng lin Xiangming He Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology(BIT)Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute of BIT(Shenzhen Research Institute of National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles) Shenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China

The battery technology progress has been a contradictory process in which performance improvement and hidden risks *** the battery is still a“black box”,thus requiring a deep understanding of its internal *** battery should“sense its internal physical/chemical conditions”,which puts strict requirements on embedded sensing *** paper summarizes the application of advanced optical fiber sensors in lithium-ion batteries and energy storage technologies that may be mass deployed,focuses on the insights of advanced optical fiber sensors into the processes of one-dimensional nano-micro-level battery material structural phase transition,electrolyte degradation,electrode-electrolyte interface dynamics to three-dimensional macro-safety *** paper contributes to understanding how to use optical fiber sensors to achieve“real”and“embedded”*** the inherent advantages of the advanced optical fiber sensor,it helps clarify the battery internal state and reaction mechanism,aiding in the establishment of more detailed *** advancements can promote the development of smart batteries,with significant importance lying in essentially promoting the improvement of system ***,with the help of smart batteries in the future,the importance of consistency can be weakened or even *** application of advanced optical fiber sensors helps comprehensively improve the battery quality,reliability,and life.

关键词： Smart battery Advanced embedded optical fiber sensor Battery internal physical/chemical state Quality-reliability-life characteristic

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Azocalixarenes: a scaffold of universal excipients with high efficiency

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1697-1706页

作者： Yu-Xin Yue Yi-lin lin meng-meng Chen Han-Wen Tian Rong ma Ze-Han Wang Fang-Yuan Chen Yu-Chen Pan Dong-Sheng Guo College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryKey Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials(Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Excipients are important components of pharmaceutical preparations that affect their quality, safety, and efficacy. macrocyclic receptors are a family of supramolecular excipients with several advantages, including molecular-level protection, small sizes,fast kinetics of host-guest recognition, and modular construction. With the continuous advances in the medical field, personalized and precision medicine requires the development of excipients with low dosages, integrated modifying effects, universality,and controlled release. To meet these requirements, we have developed a new family of macrocyclic excipients based on calixarenes by integrating their covalent(broad chemical design space) and noncovalent(wide range of substrates) ***, azocalixarenes(Azo CAs) were designed, showing high binding affinities to a broad spectrum of active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs), selectivity to interferents, and responsiveness to hypoxic microenvironments. Due to their highly efficient and controllable recognition, Azo CAs serve as low-dose excipients for 30 APIs. molecular encapsulation by Azo CAs results in the integrated modification of the physicochemical properties of APIs, including solubility, stability, bioavailability,and biocompatibility. moreover, Azo CAs can be reduced by azoreductases overexpressed in hypoxic microenvironments,leading to the controlled release of APIs. Collectively, Azo CA excipients have broad application prospects for a series of diseases such as enteritis, arthritis, stroke, cancer, bacterial infection and kidney injury, with diverse therapeutic modalities,including chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, boron neutron capture therapy, radiotherapy, fluorescence imaging, and their combinations.

关键词： supramolecular chemistry host-guest systems excipient calixarene molecular recognition

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Combined effects of massive reclamation and dredging on the variations in hydrodynamic and sediment transport in lingdingyang Estuary,China

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 127-147页

作者： Kanglin CHEN Yitong lin jing LIU Zixiao HE Liangwen jIA School of Geography and Remote Sensing Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of marine Science Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China School of marine Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519080China Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Coasts Islands and ReefsGuangzhou 510275China

Anthropogenic disturbances associated with the rapid development of coastal cities have drastically influenced the hydrodynamics and sediment transport processes in many large estuaries *** Estuary(LE),located in the central and southern part of the Pearl River Delta,southern China with a long history of high-intensity anthropogenic disturbances,was studied to explore the contribution rate and mechanism underlying the alteration in hydrodynamics and sediment transport under each phase of human activity.A state-of-the-art modeling tool(TELEmAC-2D),was used to study the variations in the hydrodynamics and sediment transport,accounting for reclamation-induced shoreline and dredging-induced topography *** results indicated that:i)under the influence of successive land reclamation,the general distribution of the Confluence Hydrodynamic Zone(CHZ)in LE varied from scattered to concentrated,and these zones moved 3–5 km ***)Large-scale channel dredging weakened the residual flow in LE,decreasing the residual flow in the Inner-lingding Estuary(ILE)by 62.45%.This was initiated by the enhancement of tidal dynamics through changes in the bottom friction caused by dredging in the *** contrast,massive reclamation decreased the residual flow in the ILE by 17.55%and increased that in the Outer-lingding Estuary(OLE).iii)Despite disturbances related to land reclamation and dredging,the estuarine jet flow in LE remained a turbulent jet system,and the estuarine jet flow became more *** addition,the position of the estuarine jet source moved 6–13 km ***)Both reclamation and dredging decreased the SSC in the ILE and increased the SSC in the *** weakened the SSC in the ILE by 62.19%,whereas dredging enhanced the SSC in the OLE by 49%.Spatially,reclamation resulted in an increase in the SSC near the outlets and a decrease in the SSC in the northern portion of the Western *** mainly increased the SSC in the north

关键词： reclamation and dredging estuarine jet flow dynamics and sediment transport mechanism lingdingyang Estuary

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In situ tracking of the lithiation and sodiation process of disodium terephthalate as anodes for rechargeable batteries by Raman spectroscopy

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 245-252页

作者： Xiu-mei lin Chong Han Xin-Tao Yang jia-Sheng lin Wei-Qiang Yang Hong-Xu Guo Yao-Hui Wang jin-Chao Dong jian-Feng Li Department of Chemistry and Environment Science Fujian Province University Key Laboratory of Analytical ScienceMinnan Normal UniversityZhangzhou 363000China College of Energy College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollege of MaterialsState Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesiChEMXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Institute of Optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Organic compounds represent an appealing group of electrode materials for rechargeable batteries due to their merits of biomass,sustainability,environmental friendliness,and *** terephthalate(Na_(2)C_(8)H_(4)O_(4),Na_(2)TP),an organic salt with a theoretical capacity of 255 mAh·g^(-1),is electroactive towards both lithium and ***,its electrochemical energy storage(EES)process has not been directly observed via in situ characterization techniques and the underlying mechanisms are still under ***,in situ Raman spectroscopy was employed to track the de/lithiation and de/sodiation processes of *** appearance and then disappearance of the–COOLi Raman band at 1625 cm^(-1) during the de/lithiation,and the increase and then decrease of the–COONa Raman band at 1615 cm^(-1) during the de/sodiation processes of Na2TP elucidate the one-step with the 2Li+or 2Na+transfer *** also found that the inferior cycling stability of Na2TP as an anode for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)than lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)could be due to the larger ion radium of Na+than Li+,which results in larger steric resistance and polarization during *** Na2TP,therefore,shows greater changes in spectra during de/sodiation than de/*** expect that our findings could provide a reference for the rational design of organic compounds for EES.

关键词： disodium terephthalate(Na_(2)C_(8)H_(4)O_(4) Na2TP) in situ Raman spectroscopy de/lithiation de/sodiation mechanisms

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A game-theoretic approach for federated learning:A trade-off among privacy,accuracy and energy

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 389-403页

作者： Lihua Yin Sixin lin Zhe Sun Ran Li Yuanyuan He Zhiqiang Hao Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China China Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team Beijing100040China

Benefiting from the development of Federated Learning(FL)and distributed communication systems,large-scale intelligent applications become *** devices not only provide adequate training data,but also cause privacy leakage and energy *** to optimize the energy consumption in distributed communication systems,while ensuring the privacy of users and model accuracy,has become an urgent *** this paper,we define the FL as a 3-layer architecture including users,agents and *** order to find a balance among model training accuracy,privacy-preserving effect,and energy consumption,we design the training process of FL as game *** use an extensive game tree to analyze the key elements that influence the players’decisions in the single game,and then find the incentive mechanism that meet the social norms through the repeated *** experimental results show that the Nash equilibrium we obtained satisfies the laws of reality,and the proposed incentive mechanism can also promote users to submit high-quality data in *** the multiple rounds of play,the incentive mechanism can help all players find the optimal strategies for energy,privacy,and accuracy of FL in distributed communication systems.

关键词： Federated learning Privacy preservation Energy optimization Game theory Distributed communication systems

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High-performance and robust high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes with moderate microphase separation by implementation of terphenyl-based polymers

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 572-578页

作者： jinyuan Li Congrong Yang Haojiang lin jicai Huang Suli Wang Gongquan Sun Division of Fuel Cells and Battery Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina Key Laboratory of Fuel Cells&Hybrid Power Sources Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China

Acid loss and plasticization of phosphoric acid(PA)-doped high-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes(HT-PEms)are critical limitations to their practical application in fuel *** overcome these barriers,poly(terphenyl piperidinium)s constructed from the m-and p-isomers of terphenyl were synthesized to regulate the microstructure of the *** rigid p-terphenyl units prompt the formation of moderate PA aggregates,where the ion-pair interaction between piperidinium and biphosphate is reinforced,leading to a reduction in the plasticizing *** a result,there are trade-offs between the proton conductivity,mechanical strength,and PA retention of the membranes with varied m/p-isomer *** designed PA-doped PTP-20m membrane exhibits superior ionic conductivity,good mechanical strength,and excellent PA retention over a wide range of temperature(80–160°C)as well as satisfactory resistance to harsh accelerated aging *** a result,the membrane presents a desirable combination of performance(1.462 W cm^(-2) under the H_(2)/O_(2)condition,which is 1.5 times higher than that of PBI-based membrane)and durability(300 h at 160°C and 0.2 A cm^(-2))in the fuel *** results of this study provide new insights that will guide molecular design from the perspective of microstructure to improve the performance and robustness of HT-PEms.

关键词： Fuel cell High-temperature polymer electrolyte membranes microphase separation Poly(terphenyl piperidinium)s Phosphoric acid

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Predicting Acute mountain Sickness Using Regional Sea-Level Cerebral Blood Flow

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期37卷 887-896页

作者： Hao Zhang jie Feng Shiyu Zhang Wenjia Liu lin ma Chinese PLA medical School Beijing 100853China Department of Radiology First Medical CenterChinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Radiology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

Objective To investigate the role of sea-level cerebral blood flow(CBF)in predicting acute mountain sickness(AmS)using three-dimensional pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling(3D-pCASL).methods Forty-eight healthy volunteers reached an altitude of 3,650 m by air after undergoing a head magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)including 3D-pCASL at sea *** CBF values of the bilateral anterior cerebral artery(ACA),middle cerebral artery(mCA),posterior cerebral artery(PCA),and posterior inferior cerebellar artery(PICA)territories and the laterality index(LI)of CBF were compared between the AmS and non-AmS *** analyses were performed to determine the relationship between CBF and AmS,and the predictive performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)*** The mean cortical CBF in women(81.65±2.69 mL/100 g/min)was higher than that in men(74.35±2.12 mL/100 g/min)(Pmen,the cortical CBF values in the bilateral ACA,PCA,PICA,and right mCA were higher in patients with AmS than in those *** CBF in the right PCA best predicted AmS(AUC=0.818).In women,the LI of CBF in the ACA was different between the AmS and non-AmS groups and predicted AmS with an AUC of *** Although the mechanism and prediction of AmS are quite complicated,higher cortical CBF at sea level,especially the CBF of the posterior circulatory system,may be used for prediction in male volunteers using non-invasive 3D-pCASL.

关键词： Acute mountain sickness High-altitude headache Cerebral blood flow Arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging

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Effects of shore-normal coastal structure on medium-to long-term embayed shoreline evolution

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 58-66页

作者： jitao Yu Yuanting Ding Pei Liu Renfu Fan lin Zhang Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences Haikou 571126China Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute Hainan Tropical Ocean UniversitySanya 572025China School of Geography and Environmental Sciences Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Based on high-tide shoreline data extracted from 87 Landsat satellite images from 1986 to 2019 as well as using the linear regression rate and performing a mann-Kendall(m–K)trend test,this study analyzes the linear characteristics and nonlinear behavior of the medium-to long-term shoreline evolution of jinghai Bay,eastern Guangdong *** particular,shoreline rotation caused by a shore-normal coastal structure is *** results show that the overall shoreline evolution over the past 30 years is characterized by erosion on the southwest beach,with an average erosion rate of 3.1 m/a,and significant accretion on the northeast beach,with an average accretion rate of 5.6 m/*** of the m–K trend test indicate that significant shoreline changes occurred in early 2006,which can be attributed to shore-normal *** to that engineering construction,the shorelines are slightly eroded,where the average erosion rate is 0.7 m/***,after shore-normal engineering is performed,the shoreline is characterized by significant erosion(3.2 m/a)on the southwest beach and significant accretion(8.5 m/a)on the northeast beach,thus indicating that the shore-normal engineering at the updrift headland contributes to clockwise shoreline *** analysis shows that the clockwise shoreline rotation is promoted not only by longshore sediment transport processes from southwest to northeast,but also by cross-shore sediment transport *** findings are crucial for beach erosion risk management,coastal disaster zoning,regional sediment budget assessments,and further observations and predictions of beach morphodynamics.

关键词： shoreline rotation non-linear behavior longshore sediment transport cross-shore sediment transport embayed beach coastal structure

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Taxonomy of Two New Peritrich Ciliates(Protozoa:Ciliophora)from Inland Saltwaters of China

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journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 811-821页

作者： YU Ying ZHANG Yong LIANG Ziyao LI jiqiu lin Xiaofeng Key Laboratory of ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environmental StudiesCollege of the Environment and EcologyXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China School of Life Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China State Key Laboratory of marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The inland saltwater lakes harbor exceptional ***,two new species of solitary sessile peritrich ciliates were isolated from Qinghai Lake,the largest inland saltwater lake in *** morphology,ciliature,silverline system,and molecular phylogeny were investigated based on live observation,silver staining,and analysis of the small subunit ribosomal DNA(SSU rDNA).Vorticella paraglobosa *** characterized mainly by its obconical or elongate bell-shaped zooid,C-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally located contractile vacuole,two-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 28-38 silverlines between peristome and aboral tro-chal band and 10-15 between aboral trochal band and *** cotyliformis *** from its congeners mainly by its double-layered peristomial lip,cup-shaped zooid,j-shaped macronucleus,single ventrally positioned contractile vacuole,three-rowed infundibular polykinety 3,and 70-85 silverlines between peristome and aboral trochal band and 21-25 between aboral trochal band and *** SSU rDNA sequences of the two new species were obtained,and the subsequent molecular phylogenetic analysis supported their taxonomic classification.

关键词： molecular phylogeny morphology new species Qinghai Lake taxonomy

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Ionization Engineering of Hydrogels Enables Highly Efficient Salt‑Impeded Solar Evaporation and Night‑Time Electricity Harvesting

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 131-146页

作者： Nan He Haonan Wang Haotian Zhang Bo jiang Dawei Tang lin Li School of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China

Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy ***,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar ***,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread ***,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in *** sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar *** hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported *** notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous ***,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.

关键词： Solar evaporation Hydrogel evaporators Salt impeding Ionization engineering Cyclic vapor-electricity generation

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