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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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Nuclear Science and techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： m.Hajipour g.r.Ansarifar Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWr)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWr,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWr was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWr,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

tensile deformation of fine-grained mg at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula P.Noga t.tokarski g.Cios m.Niewczas AgH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AgH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

the impact of grain size,ranging from 0.9μm to 9μm,on the mechanical properties of commercially pure mg is investigated at temperatures of 4K,78K,and *** mechanisms governing plastic flow are influenced by both grain size and *** 4K and 78K,dominant deformation modes in mg involve dislocation glide and extension twinning,regardless of grain *** interactions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries promote an unusually high rate of work hardening in the plastic regime,leading to premature *** yield stress follows the Hall-Petch relationshipσ_(y)∼k/√d,with the slope k increasing with decreasing *** 298K,in addition to dislocation glide and twinning,grain boundary sliding(gBS)becomes significant in samples with grain sizes below 3μm,considerably enhancing the material’s *** activation provides an additional recovery mechanism for dislocations accumulating at grain boundaries,facilitating their absorption during sliding and *** ofσrelationship suggests that the basal slip is the dominant dislocation mode in mg at *** grain size suppresses dislocation activity and twinning and increases gBS,resulting in lowerandσ*** conventional deformation modes coupled with enhanced gBS yields stress softening,breaking down the Hall-Petch relationship in mg below 3μm grain size,leading to an inverse Hall-Petch *** work reports new data on the strength,ductility,work hardening and fracture behaviour,and their variations with mg grain size across different temperature regimes.

关键词： Polycrystalline mg mechanical properties Deformation mechanisms Work-hardening texture evolution Cryogenic temperatures Hall-Petch relationship

Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of Sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:Display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： r.B.Basavaraj K.Sureshkumar D.P.Aarti m.B.madhusudana reddy g.Nagaraju t.ramakrishnappa g.r.Navyashree K.r.Venkatesha Babu K.S.Hemalatha Department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy materials researchLaboratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia School of Physical Sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi Department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India Department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7):Sm^(3+)nanopowders were fabricated via low-cost ecofriendly green combustion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirmed by the powder X-ray diffraction(PXrD)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is observed from the PXrD results with no additional impurity *** band gap energy of the fabricated powders was estimated by diffuse reflectance spectra(DrS)and is found to be in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(SEm)was used to study the morphological behaviour of the ***-like structures are observed from the SEm *** particle size was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy(tEm)and is found to be~50 *** interplanar distance is found to be 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peaks are centered at 558(^(4)g_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)g_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)g_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the observed peaks the red emanation(^(4)g_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)g_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed above 5 mol%Sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to be the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCt)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCt value obtained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to be~82%.Sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)mgSi_(2)O_(7) samples are possible contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： green combustion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity Sensors rare earths

Unsteady mHD Casson Nanofluid Flow Past an Exponentially Accelerated Vertical Plate:An Analytical Strategy

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 431-460页

作者： t.Aghalya r.tamizharasi Department of mathematics School of Advanced SciencesVellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamilnadu632014India

In this study,the characteristics of heat transfer on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic(mHD)Casson nanofluid over an exponentially accelerated vertical porous plate with rotating effects were *** flow was driven by the combined effects of the magnetic field,heat radiation,heat source/sink and chemical *** oxide(CuO)and titanium oxide(tiO2)are acknowledged as nanoparticle *** nondimensional governing equations were subjected to the Laplace transformation technique to derive closed-form *** representations are provided to analyze how changes in physical parameters,such as the magnetic field,heat radiation,heat source/sink and chemical reaction,affect the velocity,temperature and concentration *** computed values of skin friction,heat and mass transfer rates at the surface were tabulated for various sets of input *** is perceived that there is a drop in temperature due to the rise in the heat source/sink and the Prandtl *** should be noted that a boost in the thermal radiation parameter prompts an increase in *** increase in the Prandtl number,heat source/sink parameter,time and a decrease in the thermal radiation parameter result in an increase in theNusselt *** computed values of the skin friction,heat andmass transfer rates at the surface were tabulated for various values of the flow *** present results were compared with those of previously published studies andwere found to be in excellent *** research has practical applications in areas such as drug delivery,thermal medicine and cancer treatment.

关键词： thermal radiation radiative flux nanofluid copper oxide titanium oxide accelerated plate

microrNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment:Charting the path forward

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1470-1474页

作者： Hong t Lin Antonio F Alvarez Castaneda Somashekar g Krishna Khalid mumtaz Division of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

microrNAs(mirNAs)are recognized for their involvement in the regulation of gene expression and exhibit significant potential in both the prognostic assessment and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC,like other tumors,seldom occurs in isolation;instead,it evolves within a microenvironment featuring oncogenic and tumor-suppressive *** combined with suitable delivery vehicles,mirNA technology provides the capability to directly engage with these elements,thereby hindering tumor formation and *** research in this domain holds the promise of enabling a more efficacious and multi-modal treatment approach for HCC in the near future.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma tumor microenvironment microrNA mesenchymal stem cell Exosome

magnesium oxide(mgO)nanoadsorbents in wastewater treatment:A comprehensive review

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1709-1773页

作者： H.C.S.Perera V.gurunanthanan Anoop Singh m.m.m.g.P.g.mantilaka g.Das Sandeep Arya Department of Physics Khalifa UniversityAbu Dhabi12788United Arab Emirates Postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka Department of Humanities and Sciences Guru Nanak Institutions Technical CampusIbrahimpatnamHyderabad501506India Centre for global Health research Saveetha Medical College and HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Physics University of JammuJammu and Kashmir180006India

Wastewater contamination by heavy metals and synthetic dyes presents a significant environmental challenge,necessitating effective and sustainable separation *** review article provides a detailed examination of magnesium oxide(mgO)nanoparticles as an innovative nanoadsorbent for wastewater treatment,with a specific focus on heavy metal and dye *** review comprehensively explores various aspects of mgO nanoparticles,including their structural characteristics and synthesis *** article delves into the morphology and crystallographic arrangement of mgO nanoparticles,offering insights into their structural *** the complexity of adsorption processes,the review identifies and analyzes parameters influencing the adsorption efficiency of mgO nanoparticles,such as temperature,pH,contact time,initial concentration,and co-existing *** interplay between these parameters and the adsorption capability of mgO nanoparticles emphasizes the importance of optimizing operational ***,the review assesses various synthesis methods for mgO nanoparticles,including sol-gel,hydrothermal,precipitation,green synthesis,solvothermal,and template-assisted *** discusses the advantages,limitations,and resulting nanoparticle characteristics of each method,enabling readers to grasp the implications of synthesis processes on adsorption *** comprehensive review consolidates current insights into the effectiveness of mgO nanoparticles as a potent nanoadsorbent for removing heavy metals and dyes from wastewater covering a wide spectrum of aspects related to mgO ***,there is a need to investigate the use of mgO in the treatment of actual wastewater or river water,in order to leverage its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency for practical water treatment applications in real-time.

关键词： mgO nanoparticles Nanoadsorbent Wastewater treatment Heavy metals Dye separation Adsorption Synthesis methods

radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.r.D.rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.L.Andreoli m.Huault H.Larreur D.Singappuli D.molloy D.raffestin m.Alonzo g.g.rapisarda D.Lattuada g.L.guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli g.Petringa A.mcNamee m.La Cognata S.Palmerini t.Carriere m.Cipriani g.Di giorgio g.Cristofari r.De Angelis g.A.P.Cirrone D.margarone L.giuffrida D.Batani P.Nicolai K.Batani r.Lera L.Volpe D.giulietti S.Agarwal m.Krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic EtSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

the discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

Aerodynamics of a tandem-Bladed Axial Compressor rotor under Circumferential Distortion at Different rotational Speeds

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Journal of thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Amit KUmAr Jerry t.JOHN A.m.PrADEEP r.A.DAKKErmANS Dragan KOZULOVIC Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Institute of Jet Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For most aircraft engines,inflow distortion is *** distortion is known to degrade the aerodynamic performance and stable operating limits of a *** rotor configuration is an arrangement that effectively controls the growth of the boundary layer over the suction surface of the ***,a higher total pressure rise can be achieved through this unconventional design approach involving the splitting of the blade into forward and aft *** is expected that the effect of inlet flow distortion would be more severe for a tandem-rotor design due to the greater flow turning inherent in such ***,this aspect needs to be thoroughly *** present study discusses the effect of circumferential distortion on the tandem-rotor at different rotational ***-annulus rANS simulations using ANSYS CFX are used in the present *** performance of the rotor at a particular flow coefficient and different rotational speeds is *** total pressure and efficiency are observed to drop at lower mass flow rates under the influence of circumferential *** loss region in each blade passage is mainly associated with the blade wake,tip leakage vortex,secondary flow,and boundary ***,their contribution varies from passage to passage,particularly in the distorted *** the lower span,the wake width is found to be higher than that at a higher *** to the redistribution of the mass flow,the circumferential extent reduces at a higher *** the undistorted sector,the strength of the tip leakage vortex is significantly higher at the design rotational speed than at lower *** distortion near the tip region promotes an early vortex breakdown even at the design operating *** adversely affects the total pressure,efficiency,and stall *** clean flow conditions,this phenomenon is only observed near the stall *** the design operating condition,the breakdown of the forward rotor tip l

关键词： tandem rotor circumferential distortion loss tip leakage vortex vortex breakdown diffusion factor aerodynamics of compressor blade

Cognitive function among military veterans with StEm occupations

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military medical research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin t.mcDaniel Kevin N.Hascup Erin r.Hascup Ugochukwu g.Ezigbo Amanda m.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David L.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's research and trEatment(CArE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA StEm Education research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,there is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(StEm)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially among military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study examines a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(StEm) Animal fluency test Dementia