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Evidence for particle acceleration approaching PeV energies in the W51 complex

Science Bulletin 2024年第18期69卷 2833-2841页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao f.Aharonian Axikegu y.X.Bai y.W.Bao D.Bastieri X.J.Bi y.J.Bi W.Bian A.V.Bukevich Q.Cao W.y.Cao Zhe Cao J.Chang J.f.Chang A.m.Chen E.S.Chen H.X.Chen Liang Chen Lin Chen Long Chen m.J.Chen m.L.Chen Q.H.Chen S.Chen S.H.Chen S.Z.Chen T.L.Chen y.Chen N.Cheng y.D.Cheng m.y.Cui S.W.Cui X.H.Cui y.D.Cui B.Z.Dai H.L.Dai Z.G.Dai Danzengluobu X.Q.Dong K.K.Duan J.H.fan y.Z.fan J.fang J.H.fang K.fang C.f.feng H.feng L.feng S.H.feng X.T.feng y.feng y.L.feng S.Gabici B.Gao C.D.Gao Q.Gao W.Gao W.K.Gao m.m.Ge L.S.Geng G.Giacinti G.H.Gong Q.B.Gou m.H.Gu f.L.Guo X.L.Guo y.Q.Guo y.y.Guo y.A.Han m.Hasan H.H.He H.N.He J.y.He y.He y.K.Hor B.W.Hou C.Hou X.Hou H.B.Hu Q.Hu S.C.Hu D.H.Huang T.Q.Huang W.J.Huang X.T.Huang X.y.Huang y.Huang X.L.Ji H.y.Jia K.Jia K.Jiang X.W.Jiang Z.J.Jiang m.Jin m.m.Kang I.Karpikov D.Kuleshov K.Kurinov B.B.Li C.m.Li Cheng Li Cong Li D.Li f.Li H.B.Li H.C.Li Jian Li Jie Li K.Li S.D.Li W.L.Li W.L.Li X.r.Li Xin Li y.Z.Li Zhe Li Zhuo Li E.W.Liang y.f.Liang S.J.Lin B.Liu C.Liu D.Liu D.B.Liu H.Liu H.D.Liu J.Liu J.L.Liu m.y.Liu r.y.Liu S.m.Liu W.Liu y.Liu y.N.Liu Q.Luo y.Luo H.K.Lv B.Q.ma L.L.ma X.H.ma J.r.mao Z.min W.mitthumsiri H.J.mu y.C.Nan A.Neronov L.J.Ou P.Pattarakijwanich Z.y.Pei J.C.Qi m.y.Qi B.Q.Qiao J.J.Qin A.raza D.ruffolo A.Sáiz m.Saeed D.Semikoz L.Shao O.Shchegolev X.D.Sheng f.W.Shu H.C.Song yu.V.Stenkin V.Stepanov y.Su D.X.Sun Q.N.Sun X.N.Sun Z.B.Sun J.Takata P.H.T.Tam Q.W.Tang r.Tang Z.B.Tang W.W.Tian C.Wang C.B.Wang G.W.Wang H.G.Wang H.H.Wang J.C.Wang Kai Wang Kai Wang L.P.Wang L.y.Wang P.H.Wang r.Wang W.Wang X.G.Wang X.y.Wang y.Wang y.D.Wang y.J.Wang Z.H.Wang Z.X.Wang Zhen Wang Zheng Wang D.m.Wei J.J.Wei y.J.Wei T.Wen C.y.Wu H.r.Wu Q.W.Wu S.Wu X.f.Wu y.S.Wu S.Q.Xi J.Xia G.m.Xiang D.X.Xiao G.Xiao y.L.Xin y.Xing D.r.Xiong Z.Xiong D.L.Xu r.f.Xu r.X.Xu W.L.Xu L.Xue D.H.yan J.Z.yan T.yan C.W.yang C.y.yang f.yang f.f.yang L.L.yang m.J.yang r.Z.yang W.X.yang y.H.yao Z.G.yao L.Q.yin N.yin X.H.you Z.y.you y.H.yu Q.yuan H.yue H.D.Zeng T.X.Zeng W.Zeng m.Zha B.B.Zhang f.Zhang H.Zhang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANfU Cosmic ray research Center ChengduChina Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place2 DublinIreland max-Planck-Institut for Nuclear Physics P.O.Box 103980Heidelberg 69029Germany School of Physical Science and Technology&School of Information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Astrophysics Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Tsung-Dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Institute for Nuclear research of russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117312Russia Hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics China Key Laboratory of Dark matter and Space Astronomy&Key Laboratory of radio Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311121China Key Laboratory for research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Key Laboratory of Cosmic rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Physics and Astronomy(Zhuhai)&School of Physics(Guangzhou)&Sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000&Guangzhou 510275GuangdongChina Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China APC UniversitéParis Cité

Theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex is widely acknowledged to be attributed to the interaction between the cosmic rays(Crs)accelerated by the shock of supernova remnant(SNr)W51C and the dense molecular clouds in the adjacent star-forming region,***,the maximum acceleration capability of W51C for Crs remains *** on observations conducted with the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO),we report a significant detection ofγrays emanating from the W51 complex,with energies from 2 to 200 *** LHAASO measurements,for the first time,extend theγ-ray emission from the W51 complex beyond 100 TeV and reveal a significant spectrum bending at tens of *** combining the"π^(0)-decay bump"featured data from fermi-LAT,the broadbandγ-ray spectrum of the W51 region can be well-characterized by a simple pp-collision *** observed spectral bending feature suggests an exponential cutoff at~400 TeV or a power-law break at~200 TeV in the Cr proton spectrum,most likely providing the first evidence of SNrs serving as Cr accelerators approaching the PeV ***,two young star clusters within W51B could also be theoretically viable to produce the most energeticγrays observed by *** findings strongly support the presence of extreme Cr accelerators within the W51 complex and provide new insights into the origin of Galactic Crs.

关键词： UHE c-ray Cosmic rays SNr W51C Star clusters

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The Effects of Zinc Sulfate on the in Vitro Digestibility of feeds in Cervids

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 157-167页

作者： reese J. Thibodeaux Philip m. Urso Stanley f. Kelley marcy m. Beverly Chris r. Stewart Ian C. Dunn Gentech Diagnostics Dallas Texas USA Department of Animal Science South Dakota State University Brookings South Dakota USA School of Agricultural Sciences Sam Houston State University Huntsville Texas USA 3-S Texas Outdoors/3-S Whitetails Bedias Texas USA

The captive white-tailed deer industry has an estimated impact of 1.6 billion USD in the state of Texas alone. However, nutritional requirements for cervids are determined through research based on sheep and goats. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of zinc on differences in dry matter digestibility in vitro for white-tailed does (Odocoileus virginianus). Deer (n = 2) were ethically harvested, rumens were collected, and placed into a cooler containing warm water. rumen contents were agitated, and fluid was filtered using cheese cloth while applying CO2. fluid was placed into four separate incubator jars with filter bags containing a 1:1 alfalfa to coastal hay blend. Zinc doses of 0.073 mg/kg/d equivalents were added to two of the jars ( Zn), and the additional two jars received 0.00 mg/kg/d (CON). following 48 h of incubation, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) showed no significant differences between the control and the treatment groups. Average dry matter digested in vitro was 91.87% and 95.13%, respectively. There were no differences detected in ADf, NDf, IVTD, or Om between the treatment groups. While no detectable differences were observed in this study, this methodology did prove to be viable and functional for microbial digestion in vitro. This study can be replicated with multiple experimental units to confirm the observations of increased digestibility. formal nutritional guidelines can be created to allow for more efficient feeding of cervids thereby reducing feed costs and continuing the growth of the captive deer industry.

关键词： Zinc IVDmD In Vitro Cervids

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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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matter and radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： J.-r.marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.forestier-Colleoni m.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz f.Consoli J.Domange f.Hannachi P.Nicolaï m.Salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： fahaid H.A.L-Hashem Salah O.Bashir Amal f.Dawood moutasem S.Aboonq Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz m.Al-Garni mohamed D.morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic medical Sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the morris Water maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mrNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

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multi-timescale modeling and Dynamic Stability Analysis for Sustainable microgrids:State-of-the-art and Perspectives

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Protection and Control of modern Power Systems 2024年第3期9卷 1-35页

作者： mingyue Zhang yang Han yuxiang Liu Amr S.Zalhaf Ensheng Zhao Karar mahmoud mohamed m.f.Darwish frede Blaabjerg the School of mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China IEEE 不详 the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC) ChengduChina Aswan University the School of Electrical Engineering Aalto UniversityFinland the Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha University the Department of EEA School of Electrical EngineeringAalto University

The increasing trend for integrating renewable energy sources into the grid to achieve a cleaner energy system is one of the main reasons for the development of sustainable microgrid(mG)*** typical power-electronized power systems,mGs make extensive use of power electronics converters,which are highly controllable and flexible but lead to a profound impact on the dynamic performance of the whole *** with traditional large-capacity power systems,mGs are less resistant to perturbations,and various dynamic variables are coupled with each other on multiple timescales,resulting in a more complex system instability *** meet the technical and economic challenges,such as active and reactive power-sharing,voltage,and frequency deviations,and imbalances between power supply and demand,the concept of hierarchical control has been introduced into mGs,allowing systems to control and manage the high capacity of renewable energy sources and ***,as the capacity and scale of the mG system increase,along with a multi-timescale control loop design,the multi-timescale interactions in the system may become more significant,posing a serious threat to its safe and stable *** investigate the multi-timescale behaviors and instability mechanisms under dynamic inter-actions for AC mGs,existing coordinated control strategies are discussed,and the dynamic stability of the system is defined and classified in this ***,the modeling and assessment methods for the stability analysis of multi-timescale systems are also ***,an outlook and discussion of future research directions for AC mGs are also presented.

关键词： Sustainable microgrid hierarchical control modeling model simplification multi-timescale dynamic stability analysis timescale decomposition.

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Low-Cost and Biodegradable Thermoelectric Devices Based on van der Waals Semiconductors on Paper Substrates

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第1期7卷 201-206页

作者： Gulsum Ersu Carmen munuera federico J.mompean Daniel Vaquero Jorge Quereda João Elias f.S.rodrigues Jose A.Alonso Eduardo flores Jose r.Ares Isabel J.ferrer Abdullah m.Al-Enizi Ayman Nafady Sruthi Kuriakose Joshua O.Island Andres Castellanos-Gomez materials Science factory Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMM-CSIC)Madrid E-28049Spain Nanotechnology Group USAL-NanolabUnivesidad de SalamancaSalamanca Junta de Castilla y León 37007Spain GISC Departamento de Física de MaterialesUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadrid E-28040Spain Departamento de física Aplicada Centro de Investigación y Estudios AvanzadosMérida 97310Mexico mIrE Group Departamento de Física de MaterialesUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid E-28049Spain Instituto Nicolás Cabrera Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid E-28049Spain Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las VegasLas Vegas NV 89154USA

We present a method to fabricate handcrafted thermoelectric devices on standard office paper *** devices are based on thin films of WS_(2),Te,and BP(P-type semiconductors)and TiS_(3)and TiS_(2)(N-type semiconductors),deposited by simply rubbing powder of these materials against *** thermoelectric properties of these semiconducting films revealed maximum Seebeck coefficients of(+1.32±0.27)mV K^(-1)and(-0.82±0.15)mV K^(-1)for WS_(2)and TiS_(3),***,Peltier elements were fabricated by interconnecting the P-and N-type films with graphite electrodes.A thermopower value up to 6.11 mV K^(-1)was obtained when the Peltier element were constructed with three *** findings of this work show proof-of-concept devices to illustrate the potential application of semiconducting van der Waals materials in future thermoelectric power generation as well as temperature sensing for low-cost disposable electronic devices.

关键词： paper-based electronics Seebeck effect semiconductors thermoelectrics van der Waals materials

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由超拍电子伏特加速器产生的超高能伽马射线气泡

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Science Bulletin 2024年第4期69卷 449-457页

作者： LHAASO Collaboration Zhen Cao Chuandong Gao Cong Li ruo-yu Liu ruizhi yang 不详 Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophyics&Experimental Physics Division&Computing Center Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China TIANfU Cosmic ray research Center ChengduChina Institute of frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China

We report the detection of aγ-ray bubble spanning at least 100deg2 in ultra-high energy(UHE)up to a few PeV in the direction of the star-forming region Cygnus X,implying the presence super PeVatron(s)accelerating protons to at least 10 PeV.A log-parabola form with the photon indexΓ(E)=(2.71±0.02)+(0.11±0.02)×log10(E/10 TeV)is found fitting the gamma-ray energy spectrum of the bubble *** sources,“hot spots”correlated with very massive molecular clouds,and a quasi-spherical amorphousγ-ray emitter with a sharp central brightening are observed in the *** the core of~0.5°,spatially associating with a region containing massive OB association(Cygnus OB2)and a microquasar(Cygnus X-3),as well as previously reported multi-TeV sources,an enhanced concentration of UHEγ-rays is observed with 2 photons at energies above 1 *** general feature of the bubble,the morphology,and the energy spectrum,are reasonably reproduced by the assumption of a particle accelerator in the core,continuously injecting protons into the ambient medium.

关键词： Cosmic rays γ-rays Interstellar medium Star cluster

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Three-dimensional analysis of age and sex differences in femoral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： mahad m Hassan Aliya G feroe Brenton W Douglass Andrew E Jimenez Benjamin Kuhns Charles f mitchell robert L Parisien Daniel A maranho Eduardo N Novais young-Jo Kim Ata m Kiapour Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Department of Orthopaedics and rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKGrOUND The sphericity of the femoral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of osteoarthritis and femoral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of the femoral head of asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that femoral head asphericity will vary significantly between male and female pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** femoral measurements including the femoral head diameter,femoral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter difference were used to evaluate femoral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(Pficantly smaller femoral head size in older ages(>13 years)in females,there were no sex-differences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(maximum diameter difference)across whole surface of the femoral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in maximum diameter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter difference across overall surface of the femoral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2D measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the femoral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip femoral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

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metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson fariba roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar m.Patel Oseeyi I.Daudu Donald f.Becker Jonathan L.robinson Jens Nielsen Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden Department of Biochemistry and redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

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miniSCIDOm: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino m.reimold E.Beyreuther f.-E.Brack f.Kroll J.Pawelke J.D.Schilz m.Schneider U.Schramm m.E.P.Umlandt K.Zeil T.Ziegler J.metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany Oncoray–National Center for radiation research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample *** rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOm detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

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