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Proton pump inhibitor resistance, the real challenge in gastro-esophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第39期19卷 6529-6535页

作者： michele cicala Sara Emerenziani michele Pier Luca Guarino mentore Ribolsi Unit of Digestive Disease Campus Bio Medico University of Rome00128 RomeItaly

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD)is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases.Although proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)represent the mainstay of treatment both for healing erosive esophagitis and for symptom relief,several studies have shown that up to 40%of GERD patients reported either partial or complete lack of response of their symptoms to a standard PPI dose once daily.Several mechanisms have been proposed as involved in PPIs resistance,including ineffective control of gastric acid secretion,esophageal hypersensitivity,ultrastructural and functional changes in the esophageal epithelium.The diagnostic evaluation of a refractory GERD patients should include an accurate clinical evaluation,upper endoscopy,esophageal manometry and ambulatory pH-impedance monitoring,which allows to discriminate non-erosive reflux disease patients from those presenting esophageal hypersensitivity or functional heartburn.Treatment has been primarily based on doubling the PPI dose or switching to another PPI.Patients with proven disease,not responding to PPI twice daily,are eligible for anti-reflux surgery.

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Proton pump inhibitor Ambulatory pH-impedance monitoring Esophageal hypersensitivity Gastro-esophageal reflux disease treatment

“一般数据保护条例”对数据分析及挖掘的影响

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中国科技信息 2019年第13期 97-99+101页

作者：丁维微 Leonardo cicala 贵州优特云科技有限公司意大利知名咨询公司Prometeia 意大利咨询公司Prometeia

本文旨在分析2016/679("GDPR")欧盟法规对个人数据的挖掘,管理,存储,分析及使用的影响。突出强调在现行立法方面引入的创新,分析新的欧洲敏感数据收集和管理法规所带来的机遇和问题,尤其重视大规模数据收集和管理技术,即"大数据"下的个... 详细信息

本文旨在分析2016/679("GDPR")欧盟法规对个人数据的挖掘,管理,存储,分析及使用的影响。突出强调在现行立法方面引入的创新,分析新的欧洲敏感数据收集和管理法规所带来的机遇和问题,尤其重视大规模数据收集和管理技术,即"大数据"下的个人数据隐私。

关键词：个人数据数据隐私非关系数据库一般数据保护条例数据分析

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease and obesity, where is the link?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第39期19卷 6536-6539页

作者： Sara Emerenziani maria Paola Rescio michele Pier Luca Guarino michele cicala Unit of Digestive Disease Campus Bio Medico University of Rome00128 RomeItaly

The confluence between the increased prevalence of gastro-esophageal reflux disease(GERD)and of obesity has generated great interest in the association between these two conditions.Several studies have addressed the potential relationship between GERD and obesity,but the exact mechanism by which obesity causes reflux disease still remains to be clearly defined.A commonly suggested pathogenetic pathway is the increased abdominal pressure which relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter,thus exposing the esophageal mucosal to gastric content.Apart from the mechanical pressure,visceral fat is metabolically active and it has been strongly associated with serum levels of adipocytokines including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factorα,which may play a role in GERD or consequent carcinogenesis.This summary is aimed to explore the potential mechanisms responsible for the association between GERD and obesity,and to better understand the possible role of weight loss as a therapeutic approach for GERD.

关键词： Body mass index Visceral obesity Gastroesophageal reflux Gastro-esophageal reflux disease complication

Physiologically based microenvironment for in vitro neural differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第3期10卷 23-33页

作者： Adriana Carol Eleonora Graziano Rosanna Avola Vincenzo Perciavalle ferdinando Nicoletti Gianluca cicala marinella Coco Venera Cardile Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Physiology University of Catania Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Section of Pathology and OncologyUniversity of Catania Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania

The limited capacity of nervous system to promote a spontaneous regeneration and the high rate of neurodegenerative diseases appearance are keys factors that stimulate researches both for defining the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology and for evaluating putative strategies to induce neural tissue regeneration. In this latter aspect, the application of stem cells seems to be a promising approach, even if the control of their differentiation and the maintaining of a safe state of proliferation should be troubled. Here, we focus on adipose tissue-derived stem cells and we seek out the recent advances on the promotion of their neural differentiation, performing a critical integration of the basic biology and physiology of adipose tissuederived stem cells with the functional modifications that the biophysical, biomechanical and biochemical microenvironment induces to cell phenotype. The pre-clinical studies showed that the neural differentiation by cell stimulation with growth factors benefits from the integration with biomaterials and biophysical interaction like microgravity. All these elements have been reported as furnisher of microenvironments with desirable biological, physical and mechanical properties. A critical review of current knowledge is here proposed, underscoring that a real advance toward a stable, safe and controllable adipose stem cells clinical application will derive from a synergic multidisciplinary approach that involves material engineer, basic cell biology, cell and tissue physiology.

关键词： Adipose stem cells Biomaterials Neurodegeneration Neural differentiation Physiological microenvironment

Eosinophilic esophagitis: New insights in pathogenesis and therapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2016年第1期7卷 66-77页

作者： michele Pier Luca Guarino michele cicala Jose Behar Unit of Digestive Disease Campus Bio Medico University of Rome Brown University medical School

Eosinophilic esophagitis(Eo E) is a clinico-pathological entity with esophageal symptoms and dense esophageal eosinophilic infiltration throughout the esophagus that may persist despite treatment with proton pump inhibitors. This eosinophilic infiltration is usually absent in the stomach, small intestine and colon, although there are a number of reports of patients with a multiorgan involvement. EoE is associated with abnormalities involving TH2-dependent immunity, with multiple environmental factors strongly contributing to disease expression. The layer of the esophagus affected by the eosinophilic infiltration causes the specific symptoms. Esophageal involvement results mostly in dysphagia for solids that can be severe enough to cause recurrent esophageal obstruction with typical endoscopic features suggesting esophageal remodeling and pathological changes of eosinophilic infiltration of the mucosa, sub-epithelial fibrosis and muscle hypertrophy. This disease is frequently associated with other allergic conditions such as allergic asthma, allergic dermatitis and eosinophilia. The treatment of patients with Eo E depends on the severity of the symptoms and of the inflammatory process as well as to their response to a gradual step-up treatment. The first line of treatment consists of steroid containing local inhalers. If unresponsive they are then treated with oral steroids. Intravenous interleukin blockers seem to have a consistent positive therapeutic effect.

关键词： Eosinophilia Esophagitis Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Esophagus Esophagitis Eosinophilia Cytokines

Ursodeoxycholic acid therapy in gallbladder disease,a story not yet completed

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第31期19卷 5029-5034页

作者： michele Pier Luca Guarino Silvia Cocca Annamaria Altomare Sara Emerenziani michele cicala Department of Digestive Disease Campus Bio Medico University 00128 RomeItaly

Gallstone disease represents an important issue in the healthcare system.The principal non-invasive nonsurgical medical treatment for cholesterol gallstones is still represented by oral litholysis with bile acids.The first successful and documented dissolution of cholesterol gallstones was achieved in 1972.Since then a large number of investigators all over the world,have been dedicated in biochemical and clinical studies on ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA),demonstrating its extreme versatility.This editorial is aimed to provide a brief review of recent developments in UDCA use,current indications for its use and,the more recent advances in understanding its effects in terms of an antiinflammatory drug.

关键词： Gallbladder Cholesterol gallstones Ursodeoxycholic acid

Photometric Investigation of Contact Binary DY Cet Based on TESS Data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第5期22卷 121-128页

作者： m.f.Yildirim Canakkale Onsekiz mart University Astrophysics Research Center and Ulupinar Observatory17020CanakkaleTurkey Canakkale Onsekiz mart University Department of Electricity and EnergyCan Vocational School17400CanakkaleTurkey

We present a photometric analysis of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite(TESS)light curve of contact binary system DY Cet and the behavior of its orbital period variation.The light curve and published radial velocity data analysis was performed using the Wilson-Devinney code.As a result of simultaneous analysis of the light curve with radial velocity data,the masses and radii of the system’s components were determined as m_(1)=1.55±0.02 m_(⊙),m_(2)=0.55±0.01 m_(⊙) and R_(1)=1.51±0.02 R_(⊙),R_(2)=0.95±0.02 R_(⊙),respectively.The degree of contact(f)and mass ratio(q)of the system were determined as 23%and 0.355±0.012,respectively.Orbital period analysis of DY Cet was conducted for the first time in this study.It was observed that the orbital period has a sinusoidal change with decreasing parabola.To explain the orbital period change,mass transfer between components is proposed with the assumption of conservative mass,and the transfer rate was calculated to be dm/dt=1.1×10^(-7) m_(⊙)yr^(-1).A possible third component is suggested for explaining the sinusoidal change,and the mass of the unseen component was determined as 0.13 m_(⊙).The age of the DY Cet system was estimated as 3.77 Gyr.

关键词： stars eclipsing binary stars-stars fundamental parameters of stars- stars individual (DY Cet)

两代Ef 24-70mm f/2.8L镜头拆解对比

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人像摄影 2013年第2期 210-212页

作者： Roger cicala 木易

正Ef 24-70mm f/2.8L USm是深受摄影师喜爱的一只镜头,这只镜头于2002年发布,到2012年已经"服役"了十年,佳能在2012年2月发布了新一代的24-70mm红圈标准变焦镜头——Ef 24-70mm f/2.8LⅡUSm,可谓"十年磨一剑"。在Ef 24-70mm f/2.8LⅡUSm... 详细信息

正Ef 24-70mm f/2.8L USm是深受摄影师喜爱的一只镜头,这只镜头于2002年发布,到2012年已经"服役"了十年,佳能在2012年2月发布了新一代的24-70mm红圈标准变焦镜头——Ef 24-70mm f/2.8LⅡUSm,可谓"十年磨一剑"。在Ef 24-70mm f/2.8LⅡUSm(后文简称"新24-70")推出后,Roger cicala将其与Ef 24-70mm f/2.8 USm(后文简称"老24-70")进行了拆解对比。在一探两代佳能24-70mm标准变焦镜头的内部结构之前,我们先来看看两代产品的具体性能指标有哪些不同。说起Ef 24-70mm镜头,其继承于1993年推出的Ef 28-70mm f/2.8L USm,而继续追溯更早的产品,便是1989年推出的Ef 28-80mm f/2.8-4L镜头。可以看出,佳能在标准变焦镜头的发展过程中一直在进行不断的改进,经过多年的技术实践与用户体验反馈,最终形成了目前的经典焦段——24-70mm。

关键词：变焦镜头对比镜片非球面镜人像摄影小型化佳能结构图成像质量改进

The embryology of persistent cloaca and urogenital sinus malformations

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第2期22卷 124-128页

作者： David f m Thomas University of Leeds LeedsWest Yorkshire LS29JTUK

Cloacal malformations are characterized by the confluence of the lower urinary tract,the female reproductive tract,and the rectum to create a common channel with a single opening on the perineum.The presence of a cloaca is a normal phase of early human embryological development.Between the 4^th and 7^th weeks of gestation,the cloaca undergoes subdivision to form the hindgut and urogenital sinus.failure of this process results in the congenital anomaly termed persistent cloaca(PC).The term urorectal septum malformation sequence(URSmS)is also used to describe this anomaly.The classic description of this process which is still cited in many standard textbooks dates from the 19th century.However,this has been increasingly called into question by the findings of studies using modern scientific methodology.Urogenital sinus anomalies are defined by the confluence of the urethra and vagina to form a common channel of varying length with a single perineal opening.In this condition,the anorectal canal opens separately on the perineum.The presence of a urogenital sinus represents a transient phase of the normal development of the lower genital tract in the female fetus.However,the form of urogenital sinus most commonly encountered in the developed world is a feature of disordered sexual differentiation and does not arise simply from the persistence of the anatomical structure which is a feature of normal fetal development.

关键词： cloaca embryology urogenital sinus