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Reservoir stress path and induced seismic anisotropy： results from linking coupled fluid-flow/geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling

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Petroleum Science 2016年第4期13卷 669-684页

作者： D.A.Angus Q.J.Fisher J.m.Segura J.P.Verdon J.-m.Kendall m.Dutko A.J.L.crook School of Earth and Environment University of LeedsLeeds UK Formerly School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK Department of Earth Sciences University of Bristol BristolUK Rockfield Software Ltd. Swansea UK Three Cliffs Geomechanics Swansea UK Repsol Madrid Spain ESG Solutions Kingston Canada

We present a workflow linking coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical simulation with seismic modelling to predict seismic anisotropy induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes. We generate seismic models from coupled simulations to examine the relationship between reservoir geometry, stress path and seismic anisotropy. The results indicate that geometry influences the evolution of stress,which leads to stress-induced seismic anisotropy. Although stress anisotropy is high for the small reservoir, the effect of stress arching and the ability of the side-burden to support the excess load limit the overall change in effective stress and hence seismic anisotropy. For the extensive reservoir, stress anisotropy and induced seismic anisotropy are high. The extensive and elongate reservoirs experience significant compaction, where the inefficiency of the developed stress arching in the side-burden cannot support the excess *** elongate reservoir displays significant stress asymmetry,with seismic anisotropy developing predominantly along the long-edge of the reservoir. We show that the link betweenstress path parameters and seismic anisotropy is complex,where the anisotropic symmetry is controlled not only by model geometry but also the nonlinear rock physics model used. Nevertheless, a workflow has been developed to model seismic anisotropy induced by non-hydrostatic stress changes, allowing field observations of anisotropy to be linked with geomechanical models.

关键词： Coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics Reservoir characterization Seismic anisotropy Stress path

Hybrid de novo genome assembly of red gromwell(Lithospermum erythrorhizon)reveals evolutionary insight into shikonin biosynthesis

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1651-1665页

作者： Robert P.Auber Thiti Suttiyut Rachel m.mcCoy manoj Ghaste Joseph W.crook Amanda L.Pendleton Joshua R.Widhalm Jennifer H.Wisecaver Department of Biochemistry Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Purdue Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Lithospermum erythrorhizon(red gromwell;zicao)is a medicinal and economically valuable plant belonging to the Boraginaceae *** from *** have been used for centuries based on the antiviral and woundhealing properties produced from the bioactive compound shikonin and its *** recently,shikonin,its enantiomer alkannin,and several other shikonin/alkannin derivatives have collectively emerged as valuable natural colorants and as novel drug *** several transcriptomes and proteomes having been generated from ***,a reference genome is still *** has limited investigations into elucidating the shikonin/alkannin pathway and understanding its evolutionary and ecological *** this study,we obtained a de novo genome assembly for *** using a combination of Oxford Nanopore long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing *** resulting genome is∼367.41 mb long,with a contig N50 size of 314.31 kb and 27,720 predicted protein-coding *** the *** genome,we identified several additional phydroxybenzoate:geranyltransferase(PGT)homologs and provide insight into their evolutionary *** analysis of prenyltransferases suggests that PGTs originated in a common ancestor of modern shikonin/alkanninproducing Boraginaceous species,likely from a retrotransposition-derived duplication event of an ancestral prenyltransferase ***,knocking down expression of LePGT1 in *** hairy root lines revealed that LePGT1 is predominantly responsible for shikonin production early in culture *** together,the reference genome reported in this study and the provided analysis on the evolutionary origin of shikonin/alkannin biosynthesis will guide elucidation of the remainder of the pathway.

关键词： insight collective evolutionary

The origin and biosynthesis of the naphthalenoid moiety of juglone in black walnut

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 159-169页

作者： Rachel m.mcCoy Sagar m.Utturkar Joseph W.crook Jyothi Thimmapuram Joshua R.Widhalm Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue University625 Agriculture Mall DriveWest LafayetteIN47907USA Purdue Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Bioinformatics Core Purdue University155 South Grant StreetWest LafayetteIN47907USA

Several members of the Juglandaceae family produce juglone,a specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone(1,4-NQ)natural product that is responsible for the notorious allelopathic effects of black walnut(Juglans nigra).Despite its documented ecological roles and potential for being developed as a novel natural product-based herbicide,none of the genes involved in synthesizing juglone have been *** on classical labeling studies,we hypothesized that biosynthesis of juglone’s naphthalenoid moiety is shared with biochemical steps of the phylloquinone ***,using comparative transcriptomics in combination with targeted metabolic profiling of 1,4-NQs in various black walnut organs,we provide evidence that phylloquinone pathway genes involved in 1,4-dihydroxynaphthoic acid(DHNA)formation are expressed in roots for synthesis of a compound other than *** experiments using axenic black walnut root cultures revealed that stable isotopically labeled L-glutamate incorporates into juglone resulting in the same mass shift as that expected for labeling of the quinone ring in *** together,these results indicate that in planta,an intermediate from the phylloquinone pathway provides the naphthalenoid moiety of ***,this work shows that juglone can be de novo synthesized in roots without the contribution of immediate precursors translocated from aerial *** present study illuminates all genes involved in synthesizing the juglone naphthoquinone ring and provides RNA-sequencing datasets that can be used with functional screening studies to elucidate the remaining juglone pathway *** of the generated knowledge is expected to inform future metabolic engineering strategies for harnessing juglone as a novel natural product-based herbicide.

关键词： moiety roots synthesizing

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湿纺纤维的干燥

国外纺织技术 1999年第9期 15-17页

作者： J.m.crook.张胜一

在大多数纤维的生产过程中,液态聚合物从喷丝板挤出,使纤维具有某种横截面。在“干法”纺丝过程中,熔融的聚合物通过风进行冷却;在“湿法”纺丝过程中,液体纤维在液浴中凝固,或者在液浴中溶剂被溶解除去。湿法纺丝原理见图1。

关键词：中空纤维膜液浴热辊干燥器纤维干燥化工单元操作

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湿纺纤维的干燥

国外纺织技术（纺织针织服装化纤染整） 1999年第9期 15-17页

作者： J.m.crook.张胜一

关键词：湿纺纤维干燥湿法纺丝纺丝

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兴建场馆,静候会展

出展世界（中英文版） 2018年第6期 26-29页

作者： Antony Reeve-crook 苏希玲(编译) 不详

在UFI拉丁美洲峰会上,我最期盼的就是了解拉丁美洲当地大型场馆的兴建情况。这并非由于我是一个建筑迷,喜欢建筑物的空间美,而是因为场馆的兴建一般需要政府的大宗投资,在兴建场馆的潮流背后,是政府发展会展业的决心。

关键词：会展业大型场馆拉丁美洲 UFI 建筑物政府兴建

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基于业绩表现:系统设计复杂学习的十大步骤

远程教育杂志 2003年第6期21卷 25-29页

作者： Jeroen J.G.van merriěnboer marcel B.m.de crook 程景利荷兰开放大学教育技术研究中心美国印第安那大学教育学院教学系统技术系

复杂学习任务理论把人的业绩表现置于中心位置。这些理论首先对预期业绩表现加以分析,强调整体性业绩表现目标的重要性。具体来说,复杂技能要求把重复性技能(又称“常规性”技能,即不随情况而变化的技能)与非重复性技能(如以知识为基础... 详细信息

复杂学习任务理论把人的业绩表现置于中心位置。这些理论首先对预期业绩表现加以分析,强调整体性业绩表现目标的重要性。具体来说,复杂技能要求把重复性技能(又称“常规性”技能,即不随情况而变化的技能)与非重复性技能(如以知识为基础的问题解决与推理,即是随情形而变化的技能)加以协调组合。因此,没有必要严格区分陈述性知识学习与程序性知识学习,因为两者都是复杂学习任务的有效组成部分。复杂学习任务理论明确以改进业绩表现为宗旨,对单纯的记忆和知识构建不感兴趣。相反,它们注重的是如何应用这些知识解决实际生活中所遇到问题的能力。

关键词：复杂学习任务理论教学设计模型四成分教学设计方法业绩表现心理模式教学策略

methylated PLK2 is a prognostic biomarker in taxane-treated breast cancers

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Discussion of Clinical Cases 2020年第2期7卷 7-12页

作者： Priti Chivers Laura Lattanzio Ornella Garrone Daniela Vivenza Nel Syed marco C.merlano Tim.crook.Helen m.Coley Cristiana Lo Nigro Faculty of Health and medical Sciences University of SurreyGuildfordSurreyUK Oncology Department S.Croce&Carle Teaching HospitalCuneoItaly Neuro-Oncology Department Imperial CollegeLondonUK Oncology Department Royal Surrey County HospitalGuildfordSurreyUK Laboratory Department Galliera HospitalGenovaItaly

Background:In search of potential biomarkers of drug responsiveness the tumour suppressor PLK2 has been identified as a mediator of taxane sensitivity in some tumour types,based on its role of G2m checkpoint ***:The current study set out to evaluate PLK2 methylation in breast cancer treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy including a taxane,as a biomarker of disease ***:Silencing of PLK2 in mCF-7 cells followed by taxane treatment was assessed using apoptotic readout for proof of *** was extracted from 64 cases of diagnostic surgical FFPE *** pyrosequencing,levels of PLK2 promoter methylation were ***:Silencing of PLK2 resulted in a significantly reduced apoptotic response following paclitaxel treatment(compared with scramble transfected controls).An association with higher levels of CpG island promoter methylation was seen for those cases with a progression-free survival(PFS)of less than 12 ***-meier analysis showed there was an association between overall survival(OS)and level of methylation(p=.06).Conclusions:Thus,based on data obtained from this pilot study,further larger studies evaluating the utility of PLK2 methylation as a potential predictive biomarker in breast cancer are warranted.

关键词： Breast cancer PLK2 DNA methylation Drug resistance Taxanes