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Synergism Effect between Phenolic metabolites and Endogenous Antioxidants in Terms of Antioxidant Activity

Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2014年第2期4卷 258-265页

作者： maría Noguer Ana B. Cerezo m. Luisa moyá Ana m. Troncoso m. carmen garcía-Parrilla Nutrición y Bromatología Facultad de Farmacia Universidad de Sevilla Sevilla Spain

Polyphenolic compounds, widely distributed in plant kingdom, have been exhaustively studied for their bioactive properties specially antioxidant activity. However, they are extensively metabolized by human organism and the resulting metabolites are largely responsible for their effects. Furthermore, they may interact with the endogenous antioxidant network being this possibility scarcely studied. Plasma antioxidant network encompasses antioxidant enzymes and other substances such as uric acid. In addition, ascorbic acid is the major compound representing water soluble compartment both in foods and human body. The interaction of this vitamin with phenolic compound is largely unexplored. This work aims to study if there is a synergic effect between phenolic metabolites and main antioxidants (uric and ascorbic acid). For this purpose, the antioxidant activity was evaluated in terms of ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) and FRAP (ferricreducing antioxidant power) as these tests involved either HAT (Hydrogen Atom Transfer) or SET (Single Electron Transfer) mechanisms. Additionally, a kinetic studied was developed to test if the rate constant presented a synergic effect. Protocatechuic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid were selected as they were metabolites of polyphenol compounds such as anthocyanins, quercetin, neohesperidin, chlorogenic acid and hesperetin present in wines, orange and strawberries. A synergic effect was proved for the combination of ascorbic acid with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, both in terms of antioxidant activity and potent increase of velocity of the antioxidant reaction that took place.

关键词： Kinetics Ascorbic Acid Uric Acid ORAC FRAP

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Ophthalmology in the time of COVID-19: experience from Hong Kong Eye Hospital

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第6期13卷 851-859页

作者： Stephanie S.L.Cheung Cherie Y.K.Wong Jason C.K.Chan carmen K.m.Chan N.m.Lam Hunter K.L.Yuen Victoria W.Y.Wong Chi Wai Tsang Clement C.Y.Tham Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Hong Kong Eye Hospital Hong Kong SARChina

AIm:To review international guidelines and to share our infection control experience during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic at a tertiary eye centre in Hong ***:Infection control guidelines and recommendations from international ophthalmological bodies are reviewed and *** measures at our hospital were drawn up as per international and local health authorities’guidelines and implemented with the collaboration of doctors,nurses and administrative ***:The aims of our infection control measures are to 1)minimize cross-infection within the hospital;2)protect and support hospital staff;3)ensure environmental *** minimize the risk of cross-infection,outpatient attendance and elective surgery have been reduced by 40%,and general anesthesia procedures were reduced by 90%.Patients entering the hospital are screened for fever,travel history,contact and cluster history,and COVID-19 related *** protect and support hospital staff,we ensure provision of adequate personal protective equipment(PPE)and provide clear guidelines on the level of PPE needed,depending on the clinical *** protective measures include provision of work uniforms,easy access to alcohol-based hand rub,opening new lunch areas,implementation of self-monitoring and self-reporting systems,and communication via online education and ***,environmental control is achieved by ensuring regular disinfection of the hospital premise,enhancing ventilation,and usage of disposable ophthalmic ***:Our multi-pronged approach to infection control is,so far,successful in minimizing infection risks,while allowing the maintenance of essential ophthalmic services.

关键词： COVID-19 coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ophthalmology infection control Hong Kong

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A 40-year evaluation of drivers of African rainforest change

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 887-902页

作者： Colin A.Chapman carmen galan-Acedo Jan F.gogarten Rong Hou michael J.Lawes Patrick A.Omeja Dipto Sarkar Anna Sugiyama Urs Kalbitzer Department of Anthropology Center for the Advanced Study of Human PaleobiologyThe George Washington University20037 WashingtonDCUSA Wilson Center 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW20004 WashingtonDCUSA School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburgSouth Africa Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation Northwest UniversityXi’anChina Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMoreliaMichoacánMexico Viral Evolution and Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic microorganisms Robert Koch InstituteSeestraße 1013353 BerlinGermany Institute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation(IBEC) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak94300 Kota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia makerere University Biological Field Station Fort PortalUganda Department of geography and Environmental Studies Carleton UniversityOttawaCanada School of Life Sciences Harold L.Lyon ArboretumUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa3190 Maile Way96822 HonoluluHIUSA Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal BehaviorRadolfzellGermany Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanzGermany

Background:Tropical forests are repositories of much of the world’s biodiversity and are critical for mitigation of climate ***,the drivers of forest dynamics are poorly *** is in large part due to the lack of long-term data on forest change and changes in ***:We quantify changes in tree abundance,diversity,and stand structure along transects first enumerated in 1978 and resampled 2019 in Kibale National Park,*** tested five ***,based on the purported role of seed dispersal and herbivory and our quantification of changes in the abundance of frugivores and herbivores,we tested two predictions of how faunal change could have influenced forest ***,based on an evaluation of life history strategies,we tested two predictions concerning how the forest could have changed following disturbance that happened prior to written ***,based on a 50-year climate record,we evaluate the possible influence of climate change on forest ***:more trees were present on the assessed transects in 2019(508)than in 1978(436),species richness remained similar,but diversity declined as the number of dominant species *** increased by only 3 mm over the 50 years but this had not significant effect on forest changes measured *** average monthly maximum temperature increased significantly by 1.05℃ over 50 *** abundance of frugivorous and folivorous primates and elephants increased over the 50 years of *** the prediction that an increase in abundance of seed dispersing frugivores increases the abundance of their preferred fruiting tree species,nor that as an increase in folivore abundance causes a decline in their preferred species were *** predicted,light-demanding species decreased in abundance while shade-tolerant species increased as expected from Kibale being disturbed prior to historical ***,while temperature increased over the 50 years,w

关键词： Climate change Elephants Succession Primates Disturbance Forest regeneration

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Reactive uveitis, retinal vasculitis and scleritis as ocular end-stage of Acanthamoeba keratitis: a histological study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第12期12卷 1966-1971页

作者： Lei Shi Tobias Hager Fabian Norbert Fries Loay Daas Leonard Holbach carmen Hofmann-Rummelt Elena Zemova Berthold Seitz Nóra Szentmáry Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg/Saar 66424Germany Department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001Anhui ProvincePR.China Department of Ophthalm ology Friedrich-A lexander University Erlangen-NiimbergErlangen 91052Germany Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1093Hungary

We analysed histologically two Acanthamoeba keratitis(AK) eyes with anterior and posterior segment inflammation and blindness. Two enucleated eyes of 2 patients(age 45 and 51y) with AK(PCR of epithelial abrasion positive) were analysed. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff and g?m?rimethenamine silver staining. We could not observe Acanthamoeba trophozoites or cysts neither in the cornea nor in other ocular tissues. meanwhile, we found uveitis, retinal vasculitis and scleritis in these eyes, due to the long-standing, recalcitrant AK. So in this stage of AK, systemic immune suppression may be necessary for a longer time period.

关键词： Acanthamoeba keratitis enucleation uveitis retinal vasculitis scleritis

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Photocatalytical Inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis from Water Using Functional materials Based on Natural Zeolite and Titanium Dioxide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014年第1期22卷 38-43页

作者： Cornelia Bandas(Ratiu) Corina Orha Corina misca carmen Lazau Paula Sfirloaga Sorin Olariu National Institute for Research and Development in microtechnologies National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed matter Condensed Matter Department Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary medicine of Timisoara Faculty of Food Products Technology medical and Pharmaceutical University "Victor Babes"

The functional materials based on natural zeolite （clinoptilolite）, TiO2-zeolite and Ag-TiO2-zeolite have been successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction in fast-hydrothermal conditions. The obtained functional materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, FT-1R （Fourier transform infrared） spectroscopy, DRUV-VIS （diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible） spectroscopy, BET （Brunauer-Emmett-Teller） and SEm/EDX （scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer） analyses. The XRD results indicated that the clinoptilolite structure has a good thermal stabilization after the fast-hydrothermal treatment. Also, the high specific surface area about 92.55 m^2.g^-1 was noticed for Ag-TiO2-zeolite functional material. The presence of dopants was evidenced from EDX spectra. The enhanced bactericidal activity of Ag-TiO2-zeolite catalyst is proved through damaging of Enterococcusfaecalis colonies under visible irradiation, at different material doses and irradiation times.

关键词： titanium dioxide composite catalytic properties Enterococcusfaecalis

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Bispecific sigma-1 receptor antagonism and mu-opioid receptor partial agonism:WLB-73502,an analgesic with improved efficacy and safety profile compared to strong opioids

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第1期13卷 82-99页

作者： Alba Vidal-Torres Begoña Fernández-Pastor mónica garcía Eva Ayet Anna Cabot Javier Burgueño Xavier monroy Bertrand Aubel Xavier Codony Luz Romero Rosalía Pascual maria Teresa Serafini gregorio Encina carmen Almansa Daniel Zamanillo manuel merlos Josémiguel Vela WeLab Barcelona Parc Cientific de BarcelonaBarcelona 08028Spain

Opioids are the most effective painkillers,but their benefit-risk balance often hinder their therapeutic ***-73502 is a dual,bispecific compound that binds sigma-1(S1R)and mu-opioid(mOR)***-73502 is an antagonist at the *** behaved as a partial mOR agonist at the g-protein pathway and produced no/unsignificantβ-arrestin-2 recruitment,thus demonstrating low intrinsic efficacy on mOR at both signalling *** its partial mOR agonism,WLB-73502exerted full antinociceptive efficacy,with potency superior to morphine and similar to oxycodone against nociceptive,inflammatory and osteoarthritis pain,and superior to both morphine and oxycodone against neuropathic ***-73502 crosses the blood-brain barrier and binds brain S1R and mOR to an extent consistent with its antinociceptive *** to morphine and oxycodone,tolerance to its antinociceptive effect did not develop after repeated 4-week ***,contrary to opioid comparators,WLB-73502 did not inhibit gastrointestinal transit or respiratory function in rats at doses inducing full efficacy,and it was devoid of proemetic effect(retching and vomiting)in ferrets at potentially effective ***-73502 benefits from its bivalent S1R antagonist and partial mOR agonist nature to provide an improved antinociceptive and safety profile respect to strong opioid therapy.

关键词： WLB-73502 Sigma-1 receptor mu-opioid receptor Biased agonist Analgesic activity Chronic pain Neuropathic pain Safety

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Sieving characteristics of cytokine-and peroxide-induced epithelial barrier leak:Inhibition by berberine

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第2期7卷 223-234页

作者： Katherine m Diguilio Christina m mercogliano Jillian Born Brendan Ferraro Julie To Brittany mixson Allison Smith mary carmen Valenzano James m mullin Lankenau Institute for medical Research Lankenau Medical Center Departments of Biology and Biomedical Engineering Drexel University

AIm: To study whether the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) colon which exhibits varying severity and cytokine levels across its mucosa create varying types of transepithelial leak. mETHODS: We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1-β (IL1β) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) - singly and in combinations - on barrier function of CACO-2 cell layers. Our focus was on the type (not simply the magnitude) of transepithelial leak generated by these agents as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and transepithelial flux of 14C-D-mannitol, 3H-Lactulose and 14C-Polyethylene glycol as radiolabeled probe molecules. The isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine, was then examined for its ability to reduce specific types of transepithelial leak. RESULTS: Exposure to TNF-α alone (200 ng/mL; 48 h) induced a 50% decrease in TER, i.e., increased leak of Na+ and Cl- - with only a marginal but statistically significant increase in transepithelial leak of 14C-mannitol (Jm). Exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ (200 ng/mL; 48 h) + IL1β (50 ng/mL; 48 h) did not increase the TER change (from TNF-α alone), but there was now a 100% increase in Jm. There however was no increase in transepithelial leak of two larger probe molecules, 3H-lactulose and 14C-polyethylene glycol (PEg). However, exposure to TNF-α + IFN-γ + IL1β followed by a 5 h exposure to 2 mmol/L H2O2 resulted in a 500% increase in 14C-PEg leak as well as leak to the luminal mitogen, epidermal growth factor. CONCLUSION: This model of graded transepithelial leak is useful in evaluating therapeutic agents reducing IBD morbidity by reducing barrier leak to various luminal substances.

关键词： Intestine Crohn’s disease Tight junction Ulcerative colitis CACO-2 Berberine micronutrient Cytokine

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Vigorous,but differential mononuclear cell response of cirrhotic patients to bacterial ligands

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1317-1325页

作者： Varenka J Barbero-Becerra maría Concepción gutiérrez-Ruiz carmen maldonado-Bernal Félix I Téllez-Avila Roberto Alfaro-Lara Florencia Vargas-Vorácková Department of gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicasy Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Laboratorio de Fisiología Celular División de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa Unidad de Investigación médica en Enfermedades Infecciosasy Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Oncológicas Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez

AIm： To study the role of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the pathogenesis of liver injury, specifically the activation of inflammatory mediators. mETHODS： Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 20 out-patients were studied, 10 of them with cirrhosis,Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and exposed to lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid. CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was determined by flow cytometry, and tumor necrosis factor （TNF） α, interleukin （1L）-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 secretion in su- pernatants was determined by ELISA. RESULTS： Higher CD14, Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 expression was observed in peripheral blood mononudear cells from cirrhotic patients, （P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.006, P 〈 0.111） respectively. Lipopolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid induced a further increase in CD14 expression （P 〈 0.111 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.013 lipoteichoic acid）, and a decrease in Toll-like receptor 2 （P 〈 0.008 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.008 lipoteichoic acid） and Toll-like receptor 4 （P 〈 0.008 lipopolysaccharide, P 〈 0.028 li- poteichoic acid） expression. With the exception of TNFα, absolute cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was lower in cirrhotic patients under nonexposure conditions （P 〈 0.070 IL-6, P 〈 0.009 IL-1]5, P 〈 0.022 IL-12）. Once exposed to lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid, absolute cytokine secretion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was similar in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, determining a more vigorous response in the former （P 〈 0.005 TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and IL-10 lipopolysaccharide; P 〈 0.037 TNFα; P 〈 0.006 IL-113; P 〈 0.005 IL-6; P 〈 0.007 IL-12; P 〈 0.014 IL-10 lipoteichoic acid）. Response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was more intense after lipopolysaccharide than after lipoteichoic acid exposure. CONCLUSION： Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cirrhotic patients are able to respond to a sudden bacterial ligand exposure, particularly lipopolysaccharide, sugg

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Toll-like receptors Cytokines Lipopolysaccharide Lipoteichoic acid

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Strength Developing in Clay-Andesite Brick

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materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第8期7卷 403-420页

作者： Víctor Julio garcía Alonso R. Zúñiga-Suárez carmen Omaira márquez Juan g. Pérez Francisco Fernández-martínez Francisco Hernández-Olivares Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo Riobamba Ecuador Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Loja Ecuador Universidad de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela Universidad Politécnica de madrid Madrid Espana

The objective of this work was to develop a more and better understanding of the strength developing in clay-andesite fired brick. The purpose was to improve the quality of the clay bricks that are handmade in the southern region of Ecuador to make them suitable for more widespread use in the local construction industry. To achieve our goal, we first physically, chemically, and mechanically characterized the “clayey” and “sandy” materials used in the fabrication of handmade bricks in the region. Second, the optimal mixture (Om): the optimal proportion between the amounts of “clayey” and “sandy” material was sought. Third, clay bricks were prepared using the Om, baked at 950°C, and characterized. In addition, bricks produced by regional artisans were characterized, and the results were compared with the results obtained for the bricks prepared using the Om. Our data reveal that the optimal mixture is 50% “clayey” material and 50% “sandy” material and that with this mixture, an average improvement in brick quality of 300% can be achieved;thus, the use of the Om makes it possible to expand the use of these bricks in the local construction industry and enables an environmentally friendly production process by reducing the intensive exploitation of regional clay deposits. This improvement is achieved by virtue of the anorthite enrichment that occurs in the solid solution, which results from the evolution of andesine. The anorthite contributes to the formation of a stronger matrix among the different grains of the material. Conditions are favorable for this enrichment process to occur when “sandy” materials with high contents of andesite, which is common in Ecuadorian soils, are used.

关键词： Anorthite Andesine Andesite Component Fired Bricks Brazilian Test

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Peripheral vestibular system: Age-related vestibular loss and associated deficits

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Journal of Otology 2021年第4期16卷 258-265页

作者： Jennifer Coto carmen L.Alvarez Ivette Cejas Brett m.Colbert Bonnie E.Levin Joshua Huppert Tatjana Rundek Carey Balaban Susan H.Blanton David J.Lee David Loewenstein michael Hoffer Xue Zhong Liu University of miami miller School of medicine Department of OtolaryngologyMiamiFLUSA San Juan Bautista medical School CaguasPRUSA medical Scientist Training Program University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA University of miami miller School of medicine Department of Neurology and the Evelyn F.McKnight Brain InstituteMiamiFLUSA University of Pittsburgh Departments of OtolaryngologyNeurobiologyCommunication Sciences&Disordersand BioengineeringPittsburghPAUSA University of miami miller School of medicine Dr.John T.Macdonald Department of Human GeneticsMiamiFLUSA University of miami miller School of medicine Department of Public Health SciencesMiamiFLUSA University of miami miller School of medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesMiamiFLUSA

given the interdependence of multiple factors in age-related vestibular loss (e.g., balance, vision,cognition), it is important to examine the individual contributions of these factors with ARVL. While therelationship between the vestibular and visual systems has been well studied (Bronstein et al., 2015),little is known about the association of the peripheral vestibular system with neurodegenerative disorders (Cronin et al., 2017). Further, emerging research developments implicate the vestibular system asan opportunity for examining brain function beyond balance, and into other areas, such as cognition andpsychological functioning. Additionally, the bidirectional impact of psychological functioning is understudied in ARVL. Recognition of ARVL as part of a multifaceted aging process will help guide thedevelopment of integrated interventions for patients who remain at risk for decline. In this review, wewill discuss a wide variety of characteristics of the peripheral vestibular system and ARVL, how it relatesto neurodegenerative diseases, and correlations between ARVL and balance, vision, cognitive, and psychological dysfunction. We also discuss clinical implications as well as future directions for research, withan emphasis on improving care for patients with ARVL.

关键词： Peripheral vestibular system Age-related vestibular loss Balance Vision Cognitive Psychological

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