检索结果-南通市图书馆

Acupuncture Points Used in the Prophylaxis against Recurrent Uncomplicated Cystitis, Patterns Identified and Their Possible Relationship to Physiological measurements

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2016年第7期22卷 510-517页

作者： Terje Alraek Anders Baerheim Steven birch The National Research Center in Complementary and Alternative medicine Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Health Science UiT The Arctic University of Norway University College of Health Sciences Institute of Acupuncture Faculty of medicine and Dentistry Department of Global Health and Primary Care University of Bergen

Objective： To explore the correlation between single acupoints used and the recurrence rate of cystitis among cystitis-prone women receiving acupuncture as a prophylactic treatment. methods： In all, 58 cystitis-prone women were included in the analysis. Customised acupuncture treatments were given twice a week, over 4 weeks. The main effect parameter was the number of cystitis episodes during the 6-month observation time. Residual urine was measured at baseline, 2, 4 and 6 months using portable ultrasound equipment. Sympathetic and vagotone nerve activities were measured by using skin conductance and respiratory sinus arrhythmia, respectively. Results： The main acupoints used for patients with Kidney （Shen） qi/yang deficiency were Shenshu （BL23）, Taixi （KI3）, Zhongji （CV3）, Sanyinjiao （SP6） and Pangguangshu （BL2.8）, compared with Taichong （LR3）, CV3, BL28, Yinlingquan （SP9） and SP6 for Liver （Gan） qi stagnation, and SP6, CV3, BL28, Zusanli （ST36） and SP9 for Spleen （Pi） qi/yang deficiency patients. The combination BL23 and KI3 were used in 16 women, 13 of which were Kidney pattern related patients. When used, the number of symptomatic episodes were reduced to a third compared with what occurred in the 42 women where this combination was not used （3/16 vs. 28/42, P〈0.05）. BL23 application correlated to a significant reduction in residual urine measured a few days after treatment. Patients with the pattern of Spleen qi/yang deficiency had an initial increase in residual urine after treatments. Conclusion： Treating Kidney pattern related patients with the combination of BL23 and KI3 resulted in far better outcome than other points/combination of points for other Chinese medicine diagnoses. The acupoint SP6 may be less indicated than previously assumed when treating cvstitis-Drone women DroDhvlacticalIv.

关键词： acupuncture point recurrent urinary tract infection Chinese medicine pattern identification,syndrome differentiation women

Traditio,nal East Asian medicine:How to Understand and Approach Diagnostic Findings and Patterns in A modern Scientific Framework?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2014年第5期20卷 336-340页

作者： Stephen birch Terje Alraek University College of Health Sciences-Campus Kristiania OsloNorway National Research Centre in Complementary and Alternative medicine UiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsoNorway

Research into the diagnostic methods and patterns of traditional East Asian medical （TEAm） systems of practice such as acupuncture and herbal medicine face certain challenges due to the nature of thinking in TEAm and the subjective basis of judgments made in practice. The TEAm-based diagnosis can take into account various findings and signs such as the appearance of the tongue, palpable qualities of the radial pulses, palpable qualities and findings on the abdomen, the complexion of the patient and so on. Both diagnostic findings and the patterns of diagnosis cannot be assumed to have objective bases or to be causally related to the complaints of the patient. However, the diagnoses of TEAm based acupuncture and herbal medicine have tended to look at pictures of the whole patient and rather than focus on a particular symptom, they have looked across a myriad of signs and symptoms to decide or identify the ＇pattern＇ of diagnosis according to the theory in question. Although open for selective and subjective biases each diagnosis pattern always comes with a prescribed treatment tailored to the pattern. Further, the same research requirements needed for the validation of the diagnoses are needed also for these clinical observations and judgments. Hence, it is necessary, albeit challenging for research on TEAm diagnoses to first address these issues before proceeding to more complex investigations such as the development of instruments for making diagnostic observations, instruments for forming diagnostic conclusions or studies investigating the physiological bases of the diagnostic patterns. Preliminary work has started and instruments have been made, but we suggest that any instrumentation must necessarily be first validated by matching of the calibrated or scaled observations or judgments to observations made and agreed upon by relevant experts. Reliability of all observations and judgments are needed before any other tool, technology or more advanced approach can proceed and also whenever the natural system of dia

关键词： research diagnosis diagnostic methods pattern identification reliability traditional East Asian medical systems

Retransplantation for graft failure in chronic hepatitis C infection: A good use of a scarce resource?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5070-5076页

作者： Ian A Rowe Kerri m Barber Rhiannon birch Elinor Curnow James m Neuberger Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital NHS Blood and Transplant

AIm: To investigate the outcome of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection undergoing liver retransplantation. mETHODS: Using the UK National Registry, patients undergoing liver transplantation for HCV-related liver disease were identified. Data on patient and graft characteristics, as well as transplant and graft survival were collected to determine the outcome of HCV patients undergoing retransplantation and in order to identify factors associated with transplant survival. RESULTS: Between march 1994 and December 2007, 944 adult patients were transplanted for HCV-related liver disease. At the end of follow-up, 617 of these patients were alive. In total, 194 (21%) patients had first graft failure and of these, 80 underwent liver retransplantation, including 34 patients where the first graft failed due to recurrent disease. For those transplanted for HCV-related disease, the 5-year graft survival in those retransplanted for recurrent HCV was 45% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24%-64%] compared with 80% (95% CI: 62%-90%) for those retransplanted for other indications (P = 0.01, log-rank test); the 5-year transplant survival after retransplantation was 43% (95% CI: 23%-62%) and 46% (95% CI: 31%-60%), respectively (P = 0.8, log-rank test). In univariate analysis of all patients retransplanted, no factor analyzed was significantly associated with transplant survival. CONCLUSION: Outcomes for retransplantation in patients with HCV infection approach agreed criteria for minimum transplant benefit. These data support selective liver retransplantation in patients with HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver Recurrence Retransplantation Outcome

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

国王的棋盘

初中生 2022年第3期 22-26页

作者： David birch 子墨(译) 不详

在印度有个古老的传说:一位智者为国王出谋划策。国王固执地要求智者选择报酬。无奈之下,智者提出让国王在棋盘上放一些米粒,从1粒米开始,每天加倍增加数量,直到填满棋盘的64个格子,以此作为自己的报酬。自负的国王低估了智者的智慧,欣... 详细信息

在印度有个古老的传说:一位智者为国王出谋划策。国王固执地要求智者选择报酬。无奈之下,智者提出让国王在棋盘上放一些米粒,从1粒米开始,每天加倍增加数量,直到填满棋盘的64个格子,以此作为自己的报酬。自负的国王低估了智者的智慧,欣然答应。最后,国王不得不承认,自己的自大和骄傲让他差点成为天下最大的傻瓜。

关键词：智者棋盘国王报酬

motion control design for unmanned ground vehicle in dynamic environment using intelligent controller

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2017年第4期10卷 530-548页

作者： Auday Almayyahi Weiji Wang Alaa Adnan Hussein Phil birch Department of Engineering and Design University of SussexBrightonUK

Purpose–The motion control of unmanned ground vehicles(UGV)is a challenge in the industry of automation.The purpose of this paper is to propose a fuzzy inference system(FIS)based on sensory information for solving the navigation challenge of UGV in cluttered and dynamic environments.Design/methodology/approach–The representation of the dynamic environment is a key element for the operational field and for the testing of the robotic navigation system.If dynamic obstacles move randomly in the operation field,the navigation problem becomes more complicated due to the coordination of the elements for accurate navigation and collision-free path within the environmental representations.This paper considers the construction of the FIS,which consists of two controllers.The first controller uses three sensors based on the obstacles distances from the front,right and left.The second controller employs the angle difference between the heading of the vehicle and the targeted angle to obtain the optimal route based on the environment and reach the desired destination with minimal running power and delay.The proposed design shows an efficient navigation strategy that overcomes the current navigation challenges in dynamic environments.Findings–Experimental analyses are conducted for three different scenarios to investigate the validation and effectiveness of the introduced controllers based on the FIS.The reported simulation results are obtained using mATLAB software package.The results show that the controllers of the FIS consistently perform the manoeuvring task and manage the route plan efficiently,even in a complex environment that is populated with dynamic obstacles.The paper demonstrates that the destination was reached optimally using the shortest free route.Research limitations/implications–The paper represents efforts toward building a dynamic environment filled with dynamic obstacles that move at various speeds and directions.The methodology of designing the FIS is accomplished to guide the UGV to the desired destinat

关键词： Fuzzy inference system(FIS) Dynamic obstacles avoidance Intelligent controller Unmanned ground vehicle(UGV)

multi-length scale bioprinting towards simulating microenvironmental cues

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bio-Design and manufacturing 2018年第2期1卷 77-88页

作者： Elisabeth L Gill Xia Li mark A. birch Yan Yan Shery Huang Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ UK Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Surgery University of Cambridge Cambridge UK

It is envisaged that the creation of cellular environments at multiple length scales, that recapitulate in vivo bioactive and structural roles, may hold the key to creating functional, complex tissues in the laboratory. This review considers recent advances in biofabrication and bioprinting techniques across different length scales. Particular focus is placed on 3D printing of hydrogels and fabrication of biomaterial fibres that could extend the feature resolution and material functionality of soft tissue constructs. The outlook from this review discusses how one might create and simulate microenvironmental cues in vitro. A fabrication platform that integrates the competencies of different biofabrication technologies is proposed. Such a multi-process, multiscale fabrication strategy may ultimately translate engineering capability into an accessible life sciences toolkit, fulfilling its potential to deliver in vitro disease models and engineered tissue implants.

关键词：细胞环境生物活性生物技术技术创新

All Roads Lead to Susceptibility: The many modes of Action of Fungal and Oomycete Intracellular Effectors

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Plant Communications 2020年第4期1卷 1-12页

作者： Qin He Hazel mcLellan Petra C.Boevink Paul R.J.birch Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology(HZAU) Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology(HZAU)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Division of Plant Sciences School of Life SciencesUniversity of Dundee(at JHI)InvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK Cell and molecular Sciences James Hutton InstituteInvergowrieDundee DD25DAUK These authors contributed equally to this article.

The ability to secrete effector proteins that can enter plant cells and manipulate host processes is a key determinant of what makes a successful plant pathogen.Here,we review intracellular effectors from filamentous(fungal and oomycete)phytopathogens and the host proteins and processes that are targeted to promote disease.We cover contrasting virulence strategies and effector modes of action.Filamentous pathogen effectors alter the fates of host proteins that they target,changing their stability,their activity,their location,and the protein partners with which they interact.Some effectors inhibit target activity,whereas others enhance or utilize it,and some target multiple host proteins.We discuss the emerging topic of effectors that target negative regulators of immunity or other plant proteins with activities that support susceptibility.We also highlight the commonly targeted host proteins that are manipulated by effectors from multiple pathogens,including those representing different kingdoms of life.

关键词： effectors fungi oomycete immunity defense susceptibility factor

Dpen,ng the Effector Protein Toolbox for Plant- Parasitic Cyst Nematode Interactions

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

molecular Plant 2016年第11期9卷 1451-1453页

作者： Sebastian Eves-van den Akker Paul R.J. birch Division of Plant Sciences College of Life Sciences University of Dundee Dundee DD1 5EH UK The Department of Biological Chemistry John Innes Centre Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7UH UK

Some biotrophic plant pathogens have the remarkable ability to alter plant developmental morphology and subceliular archi- tecture. At least three examples of this ability arose indepen- dently within the phylum Nematoda. For one such example, the cyst nematodes, plant cell manipulation is rapid and pro- found; within days the cell cycle of a single cell in the vascular cylinder is arrested at G2, the vacuole reduces in size and frag- ments.

关键词： G2期细胞周期线虫纲胰岛素

体会与思考：中国音乐文献英译过程中难以跨越的鸿沟

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

星海音乐学院学报 2011年第2期 7-15页

作者：张伯瑜 Azalea birch 中央音乐学院音乐学系北京100031

文章根据近几年来的实践经验和体会,阐述了中文音乐文献在翻译成英文时的难点和可能性的处理方法。其中包括:一、中译英时所存在的鸿沟。基于实践经验,发现中译英时所存在的鸿沟主要源于(1)中文原义的模糊;(2)中文语义的抽象;(3)文化的... 详细信息

文章根据近几年来的实践经验和体会,阐述了中文音乐文献在翻译成英文时的难点和可能性的处理方法。其中包括:一、中译英时所存在的鸿沟。基于实践经验,发现中译英时所存在的鸿沟主要源于(1)中文原义的模糊;(2)中文语义的抽象;(3)文化的差异对翻译的影响,即中文结构性的不可译性、翻译时中英文词语的不对等和文化背景的缺失。二、根据以上的情况,提出了翻译中的对策。强调了翻译是一种解释过程,在对于乐器名、特殊术语等的翻译中其实是一种解释。其次,强调了拼音的应用,以增强对中文原概念的推广。其三,在拼音之后,应增加中文原义的直译。以强调中文原有的文化品性。这样,中译英实际是拼音(音译)+直译(中文原义)+解释(意译)的三段论。

关键词：音乐文献翻译中国音乐术语中译英拼音解释