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Analyzing Changes in maize Leaves Orientation due to GxExm Using an Automatic method from RGB Images

Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 239-252页

作者： mario Serouart Raul Lopez-Lozano Gaëtan Daubige maëva Baumont Brigitte Escale benoit De Solan Frédéric Baret Arvalis Institut du végétal228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France INRAE Avignon UniversitéUMR EMMAHUMT CAPTE228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France Arvalis Ecophysiology21 Chemin de Pau64121 MontardonFrance

The sowing pattern has an important impact on light interception efficiency in maize by determining the spatial distribution of leaves within the *** orientation is an important architectural trait determining maize canopies light *** studies have indicated how maize genotypes may adapt leaves orientation to avoid mutual shading with neighboring plants as a plastic response to intraspecific *** goal of the present study is 2-fold:firstly,to propose and validate an automatic algorithm(Automatic Leaf Azimuth Estimation from midrib detection[ALAEm])based on leaves midrib detection in vertical red green blue(RGB)images to describe leaves orientation at the canopy level;and secondly,to describe genotypic and environmental differences in leaves orientation in a panel of 5 maize hybrids sowing at 2 densities(6 and 12 plants.m^(−2))and 2 row spacing(0.4 and 0.8 m)over 2 different sites in southern *** ALAEm algorithm was validated against in situ annotations of leaves orientation,showing a satisfactory agreement(root mean square[RmSE]error=0.1,R^(2)=0.35)in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to rows direction across sowing patterns,genotypes,and *** results from ALAEm permitted to identify significant differences in leaves orientation associated to leaves intraspecific *** both experiments,a progressive increase in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to the row is observed when the rectangularity of the sowing pattern increases from 1(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m row spacing)towards 8(12 plants.m^(−2),0.8 m row spacing).Significant differences among the 5 cultivars were found,with 2 hybrids exhibiting,systematically,a more plastic behavior with a significantly higher proportion of leaves oriented perpendicularly to avoid overlapping with neighbor plants at high *** in leaves orientation were also found between experiments in a squared sowing pattern(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m

关键词： cultivar spacing pattern

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Diurnal changes in postural control in normal children: Computerized static and dynamic assessments

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第3期2卷 130-135页

作者： Sophie Bourelle Redha Taiar benoit Berge Vincent Gautheron Jerome Cottalorda Department of Pediatric Surgery University Hospital of Reims Department of Sport Sciences University of Reims Champaign Euraxi Pharma Joué-Lès-Tours Physical and Rehabilitation medicine Service University Hospital Saint-Etienne Department of Orthopaedic Pediatric and Plastic Surgery University Hospital MontpellierFrance

mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) causes postural control deficits and accordingly comparison of aberrant postural control against normal postural control may help diagnose mTBI. However, in the current literature, little is known regarding the normal pattern of postural control in young children. This study was therefore conducted as an effort to fill this knowledge gap. Eight normal school-aged children participated. Posture assessment was conducted before (7-8 a.m. in the morning) and after (4-7 p.m. in the after-noon) school on regular school days using the Balance master? evaluation system composed of 3 static tests and 2 dynamic balance tests. A significant difference in the weight-bearing squats was detected between morning hours and afternoon hours (P mainly on the left side with the knee fully extended and at various degrees of knee flexion. A significantly better directional control of the lateral rhythmic weight shifts was observed at the end of the afternoon than at morning hours (P mmary, most of our findings are inconsistent with results from previous studies in adults, sug-gesting age-related differences in posture control in humans. On a regular school day, the capacity of postural control and laterality or medio-lateral balance in children varies between morning and afternoon hours. We suggest that posturographic assessment in children, either in normal (e.g., physical education and sports training) or in abnormal conditions (e.g., mTBI-associated balance disorders), be better performed late in the afternoon.

关键词： Child postural control posturography diurnal patterns trauma prevention

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Saturation-excess overland flow in the European loess belt:An underestimated process?

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 688-699页

作者： Valentin Landemaine Olivier Cerdan Thomas Grangeon Rosalie Vandromme benoit Laignel Olivier Evrard Sébastien Salvador-Blanes J.Patrick Laceby BRGm F-45060OrléansFrance University of Rouen M2CRouenFrance Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement(LSCE/IPSL) UnitéMixte de Recherche 8212(CEA/CNRS/UVSQ)UniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-YvetteFrance University of Tours UR 6293-GéoHydrosystèmes Continentaux(GEHCO)France Alberta Environment and Protected Areas CalgaryCanada

A major challenge in runoff and soil erosion modelling is the adequate representation of the most relevant processes in models while avoiding over *** the European loess belt,pro-gressive soil crusting during rainfall events,resulting in infiltration-excess runoff,is usually considered the dominant process generating runoff on catchments covered with silty ***-excess may also occur and affect their runoff and erosion ***,saturation-excess runoff occurrence and quantification have rarely been performed and is usually not taken into account when modelling runoff and erosion in these ***,a continuous simulation of the Austreberthe catchment(214 km^(2)),located in the European loess belt(Normandy,France),was conducted with the new Water and Sediment(WaterSed)model over 12 years,corresponding to more than 780 individual rainfall events,at a 25 m spatial *** inter-annual variability of runoff and erosion was closely linked to the number of intense events per year and their distribution through the *** model was properly calibrated over a representative set of 35 rainfall events,considering either infiltration-excess and/or saturation-excess *** was also able to reproduce the measured runoff volume for most of the monitoring ***,the three years with most rainfall were adequately modelled only including saturation-excess *** analysis performed at the seasonal scale revealed that saturation was modelled in the catchment during almost all of the modelling period,suggesting the importance of this often overlooked process in current modelling attempts.

关键词： European loess belt Soil erosion Saturation-excess runoff WaterSed model

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Dynamic Fracture of a Semi-Crystalline Bio-Based Polymer Pipe: Effect of Temperature

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Journal of minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2021年第3期9卷 227-244页

作者： Jean benoit Kopp Jeremie Girardot Arts et metiers Institute of Technology Université de Bordeaux CNRS INRA INP I2M HESAM Université Talence France

The influence of temperature on the resistance to rapid crack propagation of a semi-crystalline bio-based polymer was studied. The experimental results described in this study allow to initiate a first discussion on the role of viscosity and its link with the fracture behaviour and a heterogeneous microstructure such as the semi-crysalline polymer. Dynamic fracture tests on pipes were carried out. It would appear that a temperature decrease of approximately 40℃ relative to ambient has no significant influence on the average crack propagation velocity (≈0.6m>cRm>), fracture energy and surface roughness. On the contrary, crack propagation paths seem to vary with temperature. The difference in fracture behaviour between the amorphous and crystalline phase varies significantly as a function of temperature. The difference between the initiation resistance and the rapid propagation also varies. This difference seems to be significantly reduced by lowering the temperature. The mechanisms of cavitation damage and plastic flow are increasingly limited by the decrease in temperature (and therefore in macromolecular mobility). Crack propagation in the pipe is more extensive and therefore more critical. This is emphasised in particular by the probability of the material to be macro-branched as the temperature decreases.

关键词： Dynamic Fracture Rapid Crack Propagation Semi-Crystalline Pipe Fractography

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Strong nonlinear optical effects in micro-confined atmospheric air

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Photonics Research 2019年第10期7卷 1134-1141页

作者： benoit DEBORD mARTIN mAUREL FREDERIC GEROmE LUCA VINCETTI ANTON HUSAKOU FETAH BENABID GPPmm Group Xlim Research InstituteCNRS UMR 7252University of LimogesFrance GLOphotonics S.A.S 123 avenue Albert Thomas87060 LimogesFrance Department of Engineering“Enzo Ferrari” University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaI-41125 ModenaItaly max Born Institute Max-Born-Str.2aD-12489 BerlinGermany

Historically, nonlinear optical phenomena such as spectral broadening by harmonic generation have been associated with crystals owing to their strong nonlinear refractive indices, which are in the range of 10-14cm^2∕*** association was also the result of the limited optical power available from early lasers and the limited interaction length that the laser–crystal interaction architecture could offer. Consequently, these limitations disqualified a large number of materials whose nonlinear coefficient is lower than n210-16cm^2∕W as suitable materials for nonlinear optics applications. For example, it is a common practice in most of optical laboratories to consider ambient or atmospheric air as a "nonlinear optically" inert medium due to its very low nonlinear coefficient(10.10^-19cm^2∕W) and low density. Today, the wide spread of high-power ultra-short pulse lasers on one hand, and low transmission loss and high-power handling of Kagome hollow-core photonic crystal fiber on the other hand, provide the necessary ingredients to excite strong nonlinear optical effects in practically any gas media, regardless of how low its optical nonlinear response is. By using a single table-top 1 m J ultra-short pulse laser and an air exposed inhibited-coupling guiding hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, we observed generation of supercontinuum and third harmonic generation when the laser pulse duration was set at 600 fs and Raman comb generation when the duration was 300 ps. The supercontinuum spectrum spans over 1000 THz and exhibits a typical spectral-density energy of 150 n J/nm. The dispersion profile of inhibited-coupling hollow-core fiber imprints a distinctive sequence in the supercontinuum generation, which is triggered by the generation of a cascade of four-wave mixing lines and concluded by solitonic dynamics. The Raman comb spans over 300 THz and exhibits multiple sidebands originating from N2 vibrational and ro-vibrational Raman transitions. With the growing use of ho

关键词： optical nonlinear ambient

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Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Salt Adaptation in Roots of Contrasting medicago truncatula Genotypes

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molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1068-1081页

作者： Ons Zahaf Sandrine Blanchet Axel de Zelicourt benoit Alunni Julie Plet Carole Laffont Laura de Lorenzo Sandrine Imbeaud Jean-Laurent lchante Anouck Diet mounawer Badri Ana Zabalza Esther m. Gonzalez Herve Delacroix Veronique Gruber Florian Frugier martin Crespi Institut des Sciences du Vegetal (ISV) CNRS 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France Universite Paris Diderot Paris 7 75205 Paris Cedex 13 France Departamento de microbiologia y Parasitologia Universidad de Sevilla 41012 Sevilla Spain Present address: Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB) CSIC 28049 Madrid Spain Centre de Genetique moleculaire (CGm) CNRS Gif/Orsay DNA Microarray Platform (GODMAP) Universite Paris-Sud 11 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France Present address: Genomique Fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides INSERM IUH Universit~ Paris Descartes 75010 Paris France Laboratory of Legumes Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria BP 901 2050 Hammam-Lif Tunisia Departamento de Ciencias del medio Natural Universidad P~blica de Navarra 31006 Pamplona Spain

Evolutionary diversity can be driven by the interaction of plants with different environments. molecular bases involved in ecological adaptations to abiotic constraints can be explored using genomic tools. Legumes are major crops worldwide and soil salinity is a main stress affecting yield in these plants. We analyzed in the medicago truncatula legume the root transcriptome of two genotypes having contrasting responses to salt stress： TN1.11, sampled in a salty Tunisian soil, and the reference Jemalong A17 genotype. TN1.11 plants show increased root growth under salt stress as well as a differential accumulation of sodium ions when compared to A17. Transcriptomic analysis revealed specific gene clusters preferentially regulated by salt in root apices of TN1.11, notably those related to the auxin pathway and to changes in histone variant isoforms. many genes encoding transcription factors （TFs） were also differentially regulated between the two genotypes in response to salt. Among those selected for functional studies, overexpression in roots of the A17 ge- notype of the bHLH-type TF most differentially regulated between genotypes improved significantly root growth under salt stress. Despite the global complexity of the differential transcriptional responses, we propose that an increase in this bHLH TF expression may be linked to the adaptation of m. truncatula to saline soil environments.

关键词： root architecture abiotic stress legume transcriptome bHLH.

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Low-loss single-mode hybrid-lattice hollow-core photonic-crystal fibre

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第1期10卷 86-97页

作者： Foued Amrani Jonas HOsorio Frederic Delahaye Fabio Giovanardi Luca Vincetti benoit Debord Frederic Gerome Fetah Benabid GPPmm Group XLIM InstituteCNRS UMR 7252University of LimogesLimoges 87060France GLOphotonics 123 Avenue Albert ThomasLimoges 87060France Department of Engineering mEnzo Ferrari University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena 41125Italy

Remarkable recent demonstrations of ultra-low-loss inhibited-coupling(1C)hollow-core photonic-crystal fibres(HCPCFs)established them as serious candidates for next-generation long-haul fibre optics systems.A hindrance to this prospect and also to short-haul applications such as micromachining,where stable and high-quality beam delivery is needed,is the difficulty in designing and fabricating an IC-guiding fibre that combines ultra-low loss,truly robust single-modeness,and polarisation-maintaining *** design solutions proposed to date require a trade-off between low loss and truly ***,we propose a novel IC-HCPCF for achieving low-loss and effective single-mode *** fibre is endowed with a hybrid cladding composed of a Kagome-tubular lattice(HKT).This new concept of a microstructured cladding allows us to significantly reduce the confinement loss and,at the same time,preserve truly robust single-mode *** results show an HKT-IC-HCPCF with a minimum loss of 1.6dB/km at 1050 nm and a higher-order mode extinction ratio as high as 47.0 dB for a 10 m long *** robustness of the fibre single-modeness is tested by moving the fibre and varying the coupling *** design proposed herein opens a new route for the development of HCPCFs that combine robust ultra-low-loss transmission and single-mode beam delivery and provides new insight into IC guidance.

关键词： fibre mode lattice

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Effect of Parapheromones on the Capture of Fruit Flies （Diptera： Tephritidae）in Burundi

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2017年第6期7卷 413-425页

作者： Lievin Ndayizeye benoit Nzigidahera Charmaine Dawn Theron Office Burundais pour la Protection de l'Environnement (OBPE) B.P. 2757 Bujumbura Burundi Universite du Burundi lnstitut de Pedagogie Appliquee B.P. 5223 Bujumbura Burundi Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria 0012 South Africa

This study aimed to make an inventory of fruit fly species in Burundi, by use of parapheromones. The trapping by parapheromones is a method used to capture fruit fly species. Four types of parapheromones were used, namely, methyl eugenol, cuelure, terpinyl acetate and trimedlure. In total, 70,115 individuals were captured, of which, 68,728 individuals （or 98.02%） were fruit flies, while 1,387 individuals （1.98%） were non-fruit flies. The majority of Tephritidae has been captured by methyl eugenol with 62,538 individuals （90.97%）, followed by cuelure with 3,621 individuals （5.27%）. Terpinyl acetate and trimedlure have captured 1,900 and 669 individuals, respectively. The effectiveness of parapheromones has varied from one locality to another. In fact, methyl eugenol showed efficiency in the city of Bujumbura, Rumonge, Kigwena and Cibitoke located at an altitude between 780 m and 887 m; cuelure in Bubanza and Kayanza at an altitude between 1,101 m and 2,219 m; trimedlure and terpinyl acetate at mwaro at an altitude of 1,640 m. From the point of view of abundance of species caught, Bactrocera dorsalis dominates with 62,349 individuals （90.72%）, and it is in the Bujumbura city that this species has been captured in abundance.

关键词： Abundance distribution effectiveness ofparapheromones localities species

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mitochondrial Phylogeography and Subspecific Variation in the Red Panda （Ailurus fulgens）: Implications for Conservation

Mitochondrial Phylogeography and Subspecific Variation in th...

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中国动物学会兽类学分会第六届会员代表大会暨学术讨论会

作者： benoit Goossens Hidetoshi B. Tamate michael W. Bruford Stephan m. Funk Biodiversity and Ecological Processes Group School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3TL UK Department of Biology Faculty of Science Yamagata University Yamagata 990-8560 Japan Biodiversity and Ecological Processes Group School of Biosciences Cardiff University Cardiff CF10 3TL UK Institute of Zoology The Zoological Society of London Regent’s Park London NW1 4RY UK

＜正＞The red panda （Ailurus fulgens） was, until recently, widespread across the bamboo forests of the Himalayan and Heng-Duan mountains, but has now become endangered, largely due to recent negative anthropogenic f...

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钢纤维和有机纤维混凝土开口板开裂后的弯曲性能

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工业建筑 2011年第2期41卷 70-73,77页

作者：田贺丁一宁 De Rivaz benoit 大连理工大学海岸与近海工程国家重点实验室辽宁大连116023

对36块纤维混凝土开口板的抗弯性能进行试验研究,分析不同掺量的钢纤维和高性能结构型合成长纤维对混凝土开口板的荷载-挠度全曲线、荷载-裂缝口扩展宽度全曲线及挠度-裂缝口扩展宽度全曲线的影响。通过对荷载-挠度全曲线进行计算,研究... 详细信息

对36块纤维混凝土开口板的抗弯性能进行试验研究,分析不同掺量的钢纤维和高性能结构型合成长纤维对混凝土开口板的荷载-挠度全曲线、荷载-裂缝口扩展宽度全曲线及挠度-裂缝口扩展宽度全曲线的影响。通过对荷载-挠度全曲线进行计算,研究不同纤维种类、纤维掺量下纤维混凝土开口板在不同跨中挠度下的变形能,同时对其韧性进行分析。结果表明,随着钢纤维掺量的增加,混凝土开口板的抗弯性能得到明显提高,掺量为6kg/m3 PP长纤维的混凝土开口板的弯曲性能与掺20kg/m3钢纤维的混凝土开口板试件相近。

关键词：混凝土开口板钢纤维裂缝口扩展宽度弯曲韧性

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