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Intrumer:A multi module Distributed Explainable IDS/IPS for Securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen banu A S.K.b.Sangeetha Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDS,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection System(IDS)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUmER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&Tm module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention module(XPm)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDSmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDS datasets CICIDS 2017,Honeypots,and NSL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUmER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUmER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for molecular and Cell biology(IbmC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Recent application of jackfruit waste in food and material engineering:A review

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Food bioscience 2022年第4期48卷 252-262页

作者： S.b.Kalse S.b.swami Department of Agricultural Process Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyDapoli 415712Dist-RatnagiriMaharashtra StateDr.Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi VidyapeethDapoliIndia Department of Post-Harvest Engineering Post Graduate Institute of Post-Harvest ManagementKilla-Roha402116Dist:RaigadMaharashtra StateDr.Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi VidyapeethDapoliIndia

Jackfruit(Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)processing industries generate considerable amount of solid wastes in the form of peels,seeds and latex which leads environmental pollution these waste can be utilized as an attractive source for different sustainable *** has a potential and alternative source of commercial pectin,activated carbon preparation,adsorbent to remove the various harmful dyes and metal ions from aqueous water and also utilized as a sustainable fuel as a bio hydrogen,biogas and ethanol *** seed flour having potentiality to replace wheat flour(25-30%)in bakery industry and it can also use as substrate for the production of red pigments which can be used as colorant in textile industry also useful for the preparation of Fast Dissolving *** latex utilized as the cementing medium,irrigation solution,denture cleaning solution,resin and other future dental filling material used as cost effective ***-product recovery from jackfruit wastes not only can improve the overall economics of processing units but also reduce the problem of environmental pollution *** review demonstrates the potential utilization of jackfruit waste.

关键词： Jackfruit Waste utilization bio-energy Fast dissolve tablet Pectin

Federated Learning’s Role in Next-Gen TV Ad Optimization

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Computers, materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 675-712页

作者： Gabriela Dobrita Simona-Vasilica Oprea Adela bâra Department of Economic Informatics and Cybernetics Bucharest University of Economic StudiesBucharest010374Romania

In the rapidly evolving landscape of television advertising,optimizing ad schedules to maximize viewer engagement and revenue has become *** methods often operate in silos,limiting the potential insights gained from broader data analysis due to concerns over privacy and data *** article introduces a novel approach that leverages Federated Learning(FL)to enhance TV ad schedule optimization,combining the strengths of local optimization techniques with the power of global machine Learning(mL)models to uncover actionable insights without compromising data *** combines linear programming for initial ads scheduling optimization with mL—specifically,a K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)model—for predicting ad spot *** into account the diversity and the difficulty of the ad-scheduling problem,we propose a prescriptivepredictive approach in which first the position of the ads is optimized(using Google’s OR-Tools CP-SAT)and then the scheduled position of all ads will be the result of the optimization ***,this output becomes the target of a predictive task that predicts the position of new entries based on their characteristics ensuring the implementation of the scheduling at large scale(using KNN,Light Gradient boosting machine and Random Forest).Furthermore,we explore the integration of FL to enhance predictive accuracy and strategic insight across different broadcasting networks while preserving data *** FL approach resulted in 8750 ads being precisely matched to their optimal category placements,showcasing an alignment with the intended diversity ***,there was a minimal deviation observed,with 1133 ads positioned within a one-category variance from their ideal placement in the original dataset.

关键词： Ad scheduling prescriptive-predictive approach federated learning KNN

Optimizing Performance of atgrade Intersection with bus Rapid Transit Corridor and Heterogeneous Traffic

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International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology 2012年第2期1卷 131-145页

作者： Hemant Kumar Sharma mansha swami b.L.swami malviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur-302017India Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project(Asian Development bank assisted Project) Jaipur-302017India Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Surat-395007India

bus Rapid Transit(bRT)has emerged as a preferred mode of public transport in various countries all over the world for its cost effectiveness in construction as well as in operation and *** rapid transit feature of bRT is seen as a solution to many traffic problems in these ***,in developing countries like India,the right–of-way for most of the roads is restricted and traffic is heterogeneous in *** of bRT in existing right–ofway reduces the capacity available for other motorized *** the buses travel with a certain frequency on dedicated bus-ways,the dedicated corridor remains unused for most of the period when other traffic on motorized vehicle(mV)lanes suffers from *** problem gets severe at ***,if buses are operated in mixed traffic it is no more rapid ***,a solution is required to address this problem and optimize the performance of traffic as a *** paper presents the effect if dedicated bus-ways end at a reasonable distance before the stop line at a busy signalized at-grade intersection,and bus lanes(beyond that)are made available to all the motorized vehicular traffic(heterogeneous traffic)at *** performance evaluation is done in terms of average queue length,maximum queue length,average delay time per vehicle,vehicle throughput,average speed in network and emission of Carbon monoxide CO,mono-nitrogen oxides NOx and Volatile organic compounds(VOC).It is observed that availability of bus lanes to other motorized traffic for a reasonable distance before intersection considerably reduces the average queue length,maximum queue length,average delay time per vehicle and emission per vehicle,while there is an increase in vehicle throughput and average speed of all the vehicles in the *** it results in reduction of congestion and performance enhancement of at-grade intersections and *** of investigation are relevant in international ***

关键词： bus Rapid Transit(bRT) Performance Optimization microscopic Simulation

IQR-based approach for DDoS detection and mitigation in SDN

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第7期25卷 76-87页

作者： Rochak swami mayank Dave Virender Ranga Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetraIndia Department of Information Technology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhiIndia

Software-defined networking(SDN) is a trending networking paradigm that focuses on decoupling of the control logic from the data plane. This decoupling brings programmability and flexibility for the network management by introducing centralized infrastructure. The complete control logic resides in the controller, and thus it becomes the intellectual and most important entity of the SDN infrastructure. With these advantages, SDN faces several security issues in various SDN layers that may prevent the growth and global adoption of this groundbreaking technology. Control plane exhaustion and switch buffer overflow are examples of such security issues. Distributed denial-of-service(DDoS) attacks are one of the most severe attacks that aim to exhaust the controller’s CPU to discontinue the whole functioning of the SDN network. Hence, it is necessary to design a quick as well as accurate detection scheme to detect the attack traffic at an early stage. In this paper, we present a defense solution to detect and mitigate spoofed flooding DDoS attacks. The proposed defense solution is implemented in the SDN controller. The detection method is based on the idea of an statistical measure — Interquartile Range(IQR). For the mitigation purpose, the existing SDN-in-built capabilities are utilized. In this work, the experiments are performed considering the spoofed SYN flooding attack. The proposed solution is evaluated using different performance parameters, i.e., detection time, detection accuracy, packet_in messages, and CPU utilization. The experimental results reveal that the proposed defense solution detects and mitigates the attack effectively in different attack scenarios.

关键词： SDN DdoS IQR Controller CPU utilization Packet_in

Physics design of 14 meV neutron generator facility at the Institute for Plasma Research

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第12期25卷 115-121页

作者： H L swami S VALA m RAJPUT m AbHANGI Ratnesh KUmAR A SAXENA Rajesh KUmAR Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar 382428India Homi bhabha National Institute Training School ComplexMumbai 400094India

A high energy and high yield neutron source is a prime requirement for technological studies related to fusion reactor development. It provides a high-energy neutron environment for small-scale fusion reactor components research and testing such as tritium breeding, shielding, plasmafacing materials, reaction cross-section data study for fusion materials, etc. Along with ITER participation, the Institute of Plasma Research, India is developing an accelerator-based 14 meV neutron source with a yield of 10^(12)n s^(-1). The design of the source is based on the deuterium–tritium fusion reaction. The deuterium beam is accelerated and delivered to the tritium target to generate 14 meV neutrons. The deuterium beam energy and tritium availability in the tritium target are the base parameters of the accelerator-based neutron source design. The paper gives the physics design of the neutron generator facility of the Institute for Plasma Research. It covers the requirements, design basis, and physics parameters of the neutron generator. As per the analytical results generator can produce more than 1 × 10^(12)n s^(-1)with a 110 keV D^(+) ion beam of 10 mA and a minimum 5 Ci tritium target. However, the detailed simulation with the more realistic conditions of deuteron ion interaction with the tritium titanium target shows that the desired results cannot be achieved with 110 keV. The safe limit of the ion energy should be 300 keV as per the simulation. At 300 keV ion energy and 20 mA current, it reaches 1.6 × 10^(12)n s^(-1). moreover, it was found that to ensure sufficiently long operation time a tritium target of more than 20 Ci should be used. The scope of the neutron source is not limited to the fusion reactor research studies, it is extended to other areas such as medical radioisotopes research, semiconductor devices irradiations, and many more.

关键词： neutron generator neutronics accelerator physics design nuclear fusion

Neurogenesis dynamics in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： moawiah m.Naffaa Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Cell biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal communication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory memory synaptic plasticity

mitochondria–cGAS–STING axis is a potential therapeutic target for senescence-dependent inflammaging-associated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 805-807页

作者： Josém.Izquierdo Centro de biología molecular Severo Ochoa(Cbm) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC-UAM)MadridSpain

The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of pre... 详细信息

关键词： Latin potential lasting