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Assessment of spongy moth infestation impacts on forest productivity and carbon loss using the Sentinel-2 satellite remote sensing and eddy covariance flux data

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 231-245页

作者： Nur hussain Alemu Gonsamo Shusen Wang m.Altaf Arain School of Earth Environment and Society and McMaster Centre for Climate Change Mc Master University Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Natural Resources Canada

Background Deciduous forests in eastern North America experienced a widespread and intense spongy moth（Lymantria dispar） infestation in 2021. This study quantified the impact of this spongy moth infestation on carbon（C） cycle in forests across the Great Lakes region in Canada, utilizing high-resolution（10 × 10 m2） Sentinel-2 satellite remote sensing images and eddy covariance（EC） flux data. Study results showed a significant reduction in leaf area index（LAI） and gross primary productivity（GPP） values in deciduous and mixed forests in the region in *** Remote sensing derived, growing season mean LAI values of deciduous（mixed） forests were 3.66（3.18）, 2.74（2.64）, and 3.53（2.94） m2m-2in 2020, 2021 and 2022, respectively, indicating about 24（14）% reduction in LAI, as compared to pre-and post-infestation years. Similarly, growing season GPP values in deciduous（mixed） forests were 1338（1208）, 868（932）, and 1367（1175） g C m-2, respectively in 2020, 2021 and 2022, showing about 35（22）% reduction in GPP in 2021 as compared to pre-and post-infestation years. This infestation induced reduction in GPP of deciduous and mixed forests, when upscaled to whole study area（178,000 km2）, resulted in 21.1（21.4） mt of C loss as compared to 2020（2022）, respectively. It shows the large scale of C losses caused by this infestation in Canadian Great Lakes *** The methods developed in this study offer valuable tools to assess and quantify natural disturbance impacts on the regional C balance of forest ecosystems by integrating field observations, high-resolution remote sensing data and models. Study results will also help in developing sustainable forest management practices to achieve net-zero C emission goals through nature-based climate change solutions.

关键词： Spongy moth Infestation Carbon Gross ecosystem productivity Leaf area index Temperate forest Remote sensing Sentinel-2 Eddy covariance

Natural Convection and Irreversibility of Nanofluid Due to Inclined magnetohydrodynamics(mHD)Filled in a Cavity with Y-Shape Heated Fin:FEm Computational

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1505-1519页

作者： Afraz hussain majeed Rashid mahmood Sayed m.Eldin Imran Saddique S.Saleem muhammad Jawad School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China Department of mathematics Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Center of Research Faculty of EngineeringFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo11835Egypt Department of mathematics University of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of mathematics University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan Department of mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Faculty of Sciences The Superior UniversityLahore54000Pakistan

This study explains the entropy process of natural convective heating in the nanofluid-saturated cavity in a heated fin andmagnetic *** temperature is constant on the Y-shaped fin,insulating the topwall while the remaining walls remain *** walls are subject to impermeability and non-slip *** mathematical modeling of the problem is demonstrated by the continuity,momentum,and energy equations incorporating the inclined magnetic *** elucidating the flow characteristics Finite Elementmethod(FEm)is implemented using stable FE pair.A hybrid fine mesh is used for discretizing the *** and thermal plots concerning parameters are *** addition,a detailed discussion regarding generation energy by monitoring changes in magnetic,viscous,total,and thermal irreversibility is *** addition,line graphs are created for the u and v components of the velocity profile to predict the flow *** simulations assume the dimensionless representative of magnetic field Hartmann number Ha between 0 and 100 and a magnetic field inclination between 0 and 90 degrees.A constant 4% volume proportion of nanoparticles is employed throughout all scenarios.

关键词： Finite element method nanomaterials entropy mHD square cavity Y-fin

Experimental Study on Heat Storage Properties Comparison of Paraffin/metal Foams Phase Change material Composites

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 469-478页

作者： Waqar AHmED Abid hussain Hanzla SHAHID Imran ALI Hafiz muhammad ALI Department of mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila47080Pakistan Department of mechanical Engineering Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabadPakistan Department of mechanical Mechatronics and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and Technology LahoreFaisalabad CampusPunjabPakistan mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(IRC-REPS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Heat storage properties of phase change materials(PCms) are essential characteristics that perform a key role in thermal heat energy storage *** thermal properties of PCms can be improved by developing metal foam/PCm *** addition of metal foam in PCms has a significant effect on the thermal characteristics of *** this paper,the heat storage properties of two different metal foam/PCm composites were experimentally *** behavior of paraffin in metal foam(copper and iron-nickel)/paraffin composites concerning pure paraffin at a constant heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2) in three directions simultaneously(x,y,and z) was *** was infiltrated into copper and iron-nickel foams to develop composite materials which resulted in enhancing the thermal conductivity of the paraffin.A comparative analysis is made on the heat storage properties of paraffin in copper and iron-nickel foams/paraffin *** temperature distribution during the phase transition process is experimentally *** comparison indicates that temperature uniformity in copper foam/paraffin composite is better than in iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite and pure paraffin at the same heat *** results show that at heat flux of 1000 W/m^(2),the heat storage time for copper foam/paraffin composite is 20.63% of that of iron-nickel foam/paraffin composite.

关键词： heat storage capacity paraffin/metal foam composite temperature uniformity heat storage rate phase transition process

Fine Sand and Clay Sediment Acoustic Properties of the Novel Sediment Sample from the Arabian Sea:Experimental Investigations and Biot−Stoll model Validation

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 169-180页

作者： Shahabuddin SHAIKH HUANG Yi-wang ZHANG Ze-chuan Habib hussain ZUBERI National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology and College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The present study explores the physical and acoustic characteristics of fine sand and clay in novel seabed marine sediments from of Pakistan coastline of the Arabian *** measured physical parameters included mean grain size,mass density,bulk density,salinity,porosity,permeability,pore size and mineralogical *** properties,including sound speed and attenuation,in the high frequency range of 90-170 kHz were analyzed.A controlled laboratory setup with the acoustic transmission method and Fourier transform techniques was utilized to examine the sound propagation and absorption of novel seabed *** standard deviation of mean sound speed in fresh water was 0.75 m/s,and attenuation was observed in the range of 0.43 to 0.61 dB/*** mean sound velocity in sand and clay varied from 1706 to 1709 m/s and 1602 to 1608 m/s,*** average attenuation was observed at 80 to 93 dB/m in sandy sediments and from 31.8 to 38.6 dB/m in clayey *** velocity variation within sandy sediment is low,consistent with expected results,and smaller than the predicted ***,clay sediment exhibited a positive linear correlation and low sound speed *** increased linearly with frequency for both ***,the laboratory results were validated by using the Biot−Stoll *** dispersion of sound speed in sandy and clayey sediments was consistent with the predictions of the Biot−Stoll *** attenuation aligned more with Biot−Stoll model predictions due to improved permeability,tortuosity and pore size parameter fitting.

关键词： physical and acoustic characteristics marine sediments sound speed attenuation Biot−Stoll model

m_(4)X_(3) mXenes:Application in Energy Storage Devices

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 522-542页

作者： Iftikhar hussain Waqas Ul Arifeen Shahid Ali Khan Sikandar Aftab muhammad Sufyan Javed Sajjad hussain muhammad Ahmad Xi Chen Jiyun Zhao PRosaiah Khaled Fahmi Fawy Adnan Younis Sumanta Sahoo Kaili Zhang Department of mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloon TongHong KongPeople's Republic of China School of mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityDaehak-roGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do 38541South Korea Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Physical Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People's Republic of China Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Physics Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)ThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 900461413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Physics College of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityP.O.Box 15551Al-AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Chemical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk 38541South Korea

mXene has garnered widespread recognition in the scientific com-munity due to its remarkable properties,including excellent thermal stability,high conductivity,good hydrophilicity and dispersibility,easy processability,tunable surface properties,and admirable *** have been categorized into different families based on the number of m and X layers in m_(n+1)X_(n),such as m_(2)X,m_(3)X_(2),m_(4)X_(3),and,recently,m_(5)X_(4).Among these families,m_(2)X and m_(3)X_(2),par-ticularly Ti_(3)C_(2),have been greatly explored while limited studies have been given to m_(5)X_(4)mXene ***,studies on the m_(4)X_(3)mXene family have developed recently,hence,demanding a compilation of evaluated ***,this review provides a systematic overview of the latest advancements in m_(4)X_(3)mXenes,focusing on their properties and applications in energy storage *** objective of this review is to provide guidance to researchers on fostering m_(4)X_(3)mXene-based nanomaterials,not only for energy storage devices but also for broader applications.

关键词： mXene m_(4)X_(3)mXenes 2D materials Energy storage Properties

Symmetries,optimal system,exact and soliton solutions of(3+1)-dimensional Gardner-KP equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 178-190页

作者： Amjad hussain Ashreen Anjum m.Junaid-U-Rehman Ilyas Khan mariam A.Sameh Amnah S.Al-Johani Department of mathematics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of mathematics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-MajmaahP.O Box 66Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo 11845Egypt mathematics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia

In this research article,the(3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Gardner-Kadomtsov-Petviashvili(Gardner-KP)equation which depicts the nonlinear modulation of periodic waves,is analyzed through the Lie group-theoretic *** the Lie invariance condition,we find the symmetry *** pro-posed model yields eight-dimensional Lie ***,an optimal system of sub-algebras is com-puted,and similarity reductions are *** considered nonlinear partial differential equation is re-duced into ordinary differential equations(ODEs)by utilizing the similarity transformation method(STm),which has the benefit of yielding a large number of accurate traveling wave *** ODEs are further solved to get closed-form solutions of the Gardner-KP equation in some cases,while in other cases,we use the new auxiliary equation method to get its soliton *** evolution profiles of the obtained solutions are examined graphically under the appropriate selection of arbitrary parameters.

关键词： Gardner-KP equation Lie symmetry analysis Optimal system New auxiliary equation method Solitary wave solutions

Core-shell design of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) configured with EDTA-assisted washing for rapid adsorption and simple recovery of heavy metal pollutants from soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 556-568页

作者： Xi Wang Asif hussain Qingqing Li mingyu ma Juan Wu mingqiang Deng Jie Yang Dengxin Li Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Department of Environmental Science Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and Technology75300 KarachiPakistan Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai 200233China

The coupling of washing with adsorption process can be adopted for the treatment of soils contaminated with heavy metals ***,the complex environment of soil and the competitive behavior of leaching chemicals considerably restrain adsorption capacity of adsorbent material during washing process,which demands a higher resistance of the adsorbents to *** this study,we synthesized strongly magnetic,high specific surface area(573.49 m^(2)/g)UiO66 composites(i.e.,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4))using hydrothermal *** UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) was applied as an adsorbent during the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)-assisted washing process of contaminated *** incorporation of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)results in rapid heavy metal removal and recovery from the soil under low concentrations of washing agent(0.001 mol/L)with reduced residual heavy metal mobility of soil after ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)can quickly recollect by an external magnet,which offers a simple and inexpensive recovery method for heavy metals from contaminated ***,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)configuration with EDTA-assisted washing process showed opportunities for heavy metals contaminated sites.

关键词： UiO66 composites metal-EDTA complexes EDTA-assisted washing Heavy metals recovery Soil

mode switching torque distribution strategy of timely four-wheel driven high-gap plant protection machine

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 176-184页

作者： Haijun Zhang mingwei Guan Guojun Ji Ghulam hussain maohua Xiao Yejun Zhu College of Engineering Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China Essen Agricultural machinery Changzhou Co. Ltd.Changzhou 213000China Faculty of mechanical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences&TechnologyTopi 23460Pakistan

The high-gap plant protection machine is taken in this paper as the research object to ensure the good driving power and safety of the high-gap plant protection machine,and the control strategy of inter-shaft torque distribution is established under different working conditions to improve vehicle power and lateral *** anticipated demand torque is initially determined based on the structural characteristics and operational principles of the plant protection ***,a hierarchical control framework is devised by incorporating a formulated switching control ***,a simulation model for torque distribution control strategy between shafts is developed on the matlab/Simulink platform,followed by simulation and experimental *** results are presented as follows:the inter-shaft torque distribution strategy established in this paper increases the average longitudinal acceleration by 0.13 m/s^(2) and 0.14 m/s^(2) under the control of low and high to low adhesion road surfaces,*** the control of the single-line shifting condition,the yaw velocity can successfully follow the expected value with a maximum value of 0.61 rad/*** side deflection angle of the center of mass does not exceed 2.8°,which can follow the ideal trajectory and improve power and safety.

关键词： plant protection robot torque distribution mode switching

A review:Health benefits and physicochemical characteristics of blended vegetable oils

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Grain & Oil Science and Technology 2024年第2期7卷 113-123页

作者： Hina Daud memon Sarfaraz Ahmed mahesar Sirajuddin Huseyin Kara Syed Tufail hussain Sherazi mohammad Younis Talpur National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of SindhJamshoro 76080Pakistan International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences HEJ Research Institute of ChemistryUniversity of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceSelcuk UniversityKonya 42075Turkey Dr.m.A.Kazi Institute of Chemistry University of SindhJamshoro 76080Pakistan

Oil blending is the method of choice used worldwide to improve oxidative stability and nutritional *** is no such edible oil/fat that meets all the recommendations from the health point of *** fatty acid composition of vegetable oils decides the fate of the *** single oil is unable to provide a balanced amount of fatty acids(FAs)required/recommended on a daily intake *** oils/fats is an appropriate procedure of physically mixing multiple oils in suitable proportions which may provide functional lipids with improved antioxidant potential and desirable physical and chemical *** review piled up the accessible data on the blending of diverse oils/fats in the combination of binary,ternary,quaternary,or other types of oils into a single blended *** can be found very convincing towards appropriate FA profile,enhancement in physicochemical characteristics,and augmented stability for the period of storage or when used as cooking/frying processes which could ultimately serve as an effectual dietary intervention towards the health protectiveness.

关键词： Vegetable oil Oil blending Physicochemical properties Nutritional benefits