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Fractional Yield, Extract Composition and Variability from Jordanian Oil Shales

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, methods and Instrumentation 2016年第3期6卷 51-63页

作者： Hani m. Alnawafleh Feras Y. Fraige Khalid E. Tarawneh Ibrahim A. Sarairahc Laila A. Al-Khatib Faculty of Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Al-muzahmiayah Branch Faculty of Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Engineering Isra University Amman Jordan Faculty of Science Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Naif Arab University for Security Sciences Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Surface and subsurface oil shale (OS) rocks in Jordan have potential economic value for the country and still unutilized. This research paper focuses on central and southern OS deposits in Jordan. Brief characterization of four OS deposits is presented. Size distribution test and elemental analysis were performed. Shale oil was extracted via three solvation methods: Soxhlet extraction, extraction via mixing and stirring, and lastly super-critical fluid extraction. major shale oil fractions were obtained from extract fractionation on chromatographic column. The nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique was used to study qualitatively the fractional composition of OS extract. Results show that all studied OS deposits have quite similar trend in their particle size distribution and their elemental composition. These OS deposits are found to be varying in their solvation behavior, fractional yield, and shale oil composition. Highest yield is obtained from polar solvents. The OS extraction via solvation processes is promising under certain extraction conditions such as super-critical conditions. The solvation variability of Jordanian OS indicates that different extraction techniques suit different OS deposits. Such variability should be considered in any future extraction options.

关键词： Jordan Oil Shale Solvent Extraction Variability Fractional Yield

Lossless Image Compression Technique Using Combination methods

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2012年第10期5卷 752-763页

作者： A. Alarabeyyat S. Al-Hashemi T. Khdour m. Hjouj Btoush S. Bani-Ahmad R. Al-Hashemi S. Bani-Ahmad Prince Abdulah Bin Gazi Faculty of Information Technology Al-Balqa Applied University Salt Jordan The Computer Information Systems department College of Information Technology Al-Hussein Bin Talal University

The development of multimedia and digital imaging has led to high quantity of data required to represent modern imagery. This requires large disk space for storage, and long time for transmission over computer networks, and these two are relatively expensive. These factors prove the need for images compression. Image compression addresses the problem of reducing the amount of space required to represent a digital image yielding a compact representation of an image, and thereby reducing the image storage/transmission time requirements. The key idea here is to remove redundancy of data presented within an image to reduce its size without affecting the essential information of it. We are concerned with lossless image compression in this paper. Our proposed approach is a mix of a number of already existing techniques. Our approach works as follows: first, we apply the well-known Lempel-Ziv-Welch (LZW) algorithm on the image in hand. What comes out of the first step is forward to the second step where the Bose, Chaudhuri and Hocquenghem (BCH) error correction and detected algorithm is used. To improve the compression ratio, the proposed approach applies the BCH algorithms repeatedly until “inflation” is detected. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm could achieve an excellent compression ratio without losing data when compared to the standard compression algorithms.

关键词： Image Compression LZW BCH

Fetoscopy Role in Fetal Surgery and Fetal medicine

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第11期9卷 1477-1485页

作者： Wael S. S. Elbanna Ibrahim A. Oun Emad m. Abd Ellatif Wael R. Hablas Walid I. El Shaikh Yehia A. Wafa Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Clinical Pathology Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Aim: We attempted to illustrate our experience of fetoscopic therapy in a tertial institute, whereby to highlight the present Egyptian situation regarding this issue. We described fetoscopic therapy undergone at Al-hussein Hospital, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, from Dec-2012 to Sep-2019. Presentation of cases: Sixteen women with 17 fetuses were included in the analysis of this study with a mean age of 25.31 ± 6.15 years;four with positive marriage to a near relevant, and eight were primigravida. The fetus of twelve women had lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO), two fetal anemia, one hydrothorax, and one twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). The mean time for fetoscopy was gestational week 24.13 ± 3.77. We did therapeutic drainage to amniotic fluid in hydrothorax and LUTO, therapeutic septostomy to the TTTS case, and blood transfusion in cases of fetal anemia. During the operation, the procedure succeeded in 14 out of 16 women. Overall, nine of the 16 women experienced some complications;five with rupture of membranes, four with preterm labor, and three with intrauterine fetal death (IUFD). Conclusion: Fetoscopy can manage LUTO and well-selected cases of TTTS, hydrothorax, and fetal anemia. The procedure is promising. Fetoscopic therapy has just begun in Egypt, and this report may contribute to the future advance of fetoscopic therapy in Egypt.

关键词： Fetoscopy Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction LUTO Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Fetal Anemia Complications Rate

Dolomitization in Campanian Oil Shale Rocks from South-Western Jordan

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Open Journal of Geology 2015年第10期5卷 689-700页

作者： Hani m. Alnawafleh Khalid E. Tarawneh Hani N. Khoury Nafeth A. Abdelhadi Osama Y. Shakkoury Reyad A. Dwairi mazen N. Amaireh Faculty of Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal University Ma’an Jordan Faculty of Engineering Isra University Amman Jordan Department of Geology The University of Jordan Amman Jordan Faculty of Engineering Technology Al Balqa Applied University Salt Jordan Natural Resources Authority Amman Jordan Faculty of Engineering Tafila Technical University Tafila Jordan

This work represents the first detailed study of an oil shale (OS) section from the Upper Campanian Amman Silicified Limestone (ASL) Formation in south-western part of Jordan. more than five meters of oil shale have been recorded. Using the petrography and geochemistry, this study aims to focus on such non-conventional types of oil shale rocks in Jordan and to shed some light on their composition and formational environment. Unlike oil shale from maastrichtian to early Tertiary, this type of oil shale is highly dolomitized. The dolomite is diagenetic in origin. This oil shale type contains considerable amount of Om and remarkably enriched in some trace elements and shows quite low sulfur content. Results suggest that the formation of dolomite appears to be limited by the rate of organic matter oxidation.

关键词： Jordan Oil Shale Dolomitization Campanian

The Diabetic Foot Research in Arabs’ Countries

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Open Journal of Endocrine and metabolic Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 157-165页

作者： Owiss H. Alzahrani Yousef S. Badahdah moataz S. Bamakrid Abdullah S. Alfayez mossab S. Alsaeedi Amro m. mansouri Hasan A. Alzahrani mohammed hussein Al-Amoudi Chair for Diabetic Foot Research King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Objective: To review all the studies on diabetic foot disorders (DFDs) that were published on the Pubmed? site aiming to identify the contributions of the different Arabs’ countries in the world scientific literature on this topic. methods: The Pubmed? site was searched using different key words for searching all the abstracts on Diabetes mellitus (Dm) and DFDs published from Arabs’ League countries (n = 22). For this review, the 22 countries were classified into 3 groups: Group 1 (G1): Gulf Council Countries (GCC) countries (n = 6), Group 2 (G2): African Arabs’ countries (n = 10), Group 3 (G3): Asian and/or Eastern mediterranean Arabs’ countries (n = 6). All the abstracts on Dm coming from all of the 22 Arabs’ countries were initially reviewed to locate the ones related to DFDs’ management. All of the articles related to DFDs were reviewed by the senior author. A publication index was created to allow a comparison between the productivity of various countries and correlate that to the population number. Results: By April 2012, a total of 906 articles were published on Dm, out of them 115 (11.6%) were related to DFDs. The largest number of Dm/DFDs research came from G1 countries (n = 437/51) followed by G2 (n = 307/38) and finally G3 (n = 162/26). The percentages of the studies related to DFDs were therefore: 11.6%, 12.3% and 20.6% respectively. Saudi Arabia was the top on the list of all studied countries with 31 studies related to DFDs out of the 187 on Dm (16.5%). Conclusion: more research on DFDs is needed in most of the Arabs’ countries particularly those in the GCC region which reported very high prevalence rates and are expected to hold these rates for the coming decades. Also, special attention is needed for those low-income Arabs’ countries that had no contributions in DFDs’ research.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Diabetic Foot Disorders Arabs