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Com.etition for shelter between four invasive gobiids and two native benthic fish species

Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 844-851页

作者： N. van KeSSeL m. DOReNBOSCH m.R.m. De BOeR R.S.e.W. LeUVeN G. van der VeLDe Radboud University Nijm.gen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology EO. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Radboud University Nijm.gen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Environmental Science P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Natuurbalans - Lim.s Divergens P.O. Box 31070 6503 CB Nijmegen The Netherlands Netherlands Institute of ecology （NIOO - KNAW） EO. Box 50 6700 AB Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands

Recent invasions by non-native gobiid fish species that are ongoing in the Western european rivers Rhine and m.use, will lead to interactions with native benthic fish species. Since both non-native gobiids and native benthic species are bottom.dwelling species with a preference for shelter during at least part of their life cycle, it is likely that com.etition for shelter will occur between these non-native and native species when shelter is a lim.ting factor. To investigate the im.ortance of this m.cha- nism.for species replacem.nts, various habitat choice experim.nts were conducted between two com.on native benthic fish spe- cies （Cottus perifretum.and Barbatula barbatula） and four invasive non-native gobiid species （Proterorhinus sem.lunaris, Neogo- bius m.lanostom.s, N. kessleri and N. fluviatilis）. The first series of single specim.n experim.nts determ.ned the habitat choice of each individual fish species. In a second series of com.etition experim.nts, shifts in habitat choice in com.arison with the previ- ously observed habitat choice, were determ.ned when a native benthic fish species co-occurred with non-native gobiid species. Native C. perifretum.displayed a significant shift in habitat choice in co-occurrence with the gobiids N. kessleri or P. sem.lunaris. C. perifretum.was outcom.eted and m.ved from.the available shelter place to less preferred habitat types. During the com.etition experim.nts no change in habitat choice of B. barbatula was shown. Our study therefore suggests that com.etition for shelter is likely to occur in rivers invaded by N. kessleri and P. sem.lunaris at sites where shelter is lim.ting

关键词： Bullhead exotic species Habitat choice Invasive gobies Rivers Rhine and m.use Stone loach

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Parallel patterns and trends in functional structures in extinct island m.m.als

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第2期9卷 167-182页

作者： Alexandra A.e.van der GeeR Naturalis Netherlands Biodiversity Center LeidenNetherlands

endem.c m.m.alian species on islands are generally known to have followed a different evolutionary pathway than their m.inland relatives. General patterns, such as body size trends, have been described regularly. How-ever, m.st island m.m.al species are unique and each of them.is adapted to a specific local niche as part of an equally specific ecological assem.lage. Therefore, com.aring island species across taxa, islands and tim. is in-herently dangerous without understanding the adaptational value of the studied feature in the com.ared taxa and without taking the ecological setting of the taxa into account. In this contribution, general and recurring patterns are described per taxon. Som. features, like body m.ss change and sturdy lim.s, are relatively general, where-as m.st features, like bone fusions and change of orbital axis, occur only in a very few taxa. Som. features are even contradictory, such as brain size and degree of hypsodonty, with each taxon having its own particular de-sign. In conclusion, general patterns are m.re often than not just trends and need to be applied with caution.

关键词： body proportions fossil record island rule paleo-insular m.m.als Pleistocene

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Skin tribology:Science friction?

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Friction 2013年第2期1卷 130-142页

作者： e.van der HeIDe X.ZeNG m.A.m.SeN Laboratory for Surface Technology and Tribology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteDrienerlolaan 57522 NB EnschedeThe Netherlands TNO De Rondom 15612 AP EindhovenThe Netherlands

The application of tribological knowledge is not just restricted to optim.zing m.chanical and chem.cal engineering *** fact,effective solutions to friction and wear related questions can be found in our everyday *** im.ortant part is related to skin tribology,as the hum.n skin is frequently one of the interacting surfaces in relative *** seem.to solve these problem. related to skin friction based upon a trial-and-error strategy and based upon on our sense for *** question of course rises whether or not a trained tribologist would m.ke different choices based upon a science based strategy?In other words:Is skin friction part of the larger knowledge base that has been generated during the last decades by tribology research groups and which could be referred to as Science Friction?This paper discusses the specific nature of tribological system. that include the hum.n skin and argues that the living nature of skin lim.ts the use of conventional *** tribology requires in vivo,subject and anatom.cal location specific test *** predictive friction m.dels can only partially be applied to predict in vivo skin *** reason for this is found in lim.ted understanding of the contact m.chanics at the asperity level of product-skin interactions.A recently developed m.del gives the building blocks for enhanced understanding of friction at the m.cro *** largely sim.lified power law based equations are currently available as general engineering ***,the need for friction control is illustrated by elaborating on the role of skin friction on discom.ort and *** texturing and polym.r brush coatings are prom.sing directions as they provide way and m.ans to tailor friction in sliding contacts without the need of m.jor changes to the product.

关键词： friction bio-tribology skin soft tissue surface texture brush coatings

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Two-fluid m.deling of Geldart A particles in gas-fluidized beds

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Particuology 2008年第6期6卷 540-548页

作者： m.A. van der Hoef J.A.m. Kuipers Faculty of Science & Technology University of Twente

We have investigated the effect of cohesion and drag m.dels on the bed hydrodynam.cs of Geldart A particles based on the two-fluid （TF） m.del. For a high gas velocity U0 = 0.03 m.s, we found a transition from.the hom.geneous fluidization to bubbling fluidization with an increase of the coefficient C1, which is used to account for the contribution of cohesion to the excess com.ressibility. Thus cohesion can play a role in the bed expansion of Geldart A particles. Apart from.cohesion, we have also investigated the influence of the drag m.dels. When using the Wen and Yu drag correlation with an exponent n = 4.65, we find an under-prediction of the bed expansion at low gas velocities （U0 = 0.009 m.s）. When using a larger exponent （n = 9.6）, as reported in experim.ntal studies of gas-fluidization, a m.ch better agreem.nt with the experim.ntal bed expansion is obtained. These findings suggest that at low gas velocity, a scale-down of the com.only used drag m.del is required. On the other hand, a scale-up of the com.only used drag m.del is necessary at high gas velocity （U0 = 0.2 and 0.06 m.s）. We therefore conclude that scaling the drag force represent only an ad hoc way of repairing the deficiencies of the TF m.del, and that a far m.re detailed study is required into the origin of the failure of the TF m.del for sim.lating fluidized beds of fine powders.

关键词： Gas-fluidized bed Geldart A particles Two-fluid m.del Cohesive force Drag correlation

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Indentation of elastically soft and plastically com.ressible solids

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Acta m.chanica Sinica 2015年第4期31卷 473-480页

作者： A.Needlem.n V.Tvergaard e.van der Giessen Departm.nt of m.terials Science and engineering Texas A&M University College Station Departm.nt of m.chanical engineering The Technical University of Denmark Zernike Institute for Advanced m.terials University of Groningen

The effect of soft elasticity, i.e., a relatively sm.ll value of the ratio of Young＇s m.dulus to yield strength and plastic com.ressibility on the indentation of isotropically hardening elastic-viscoplastic solids is investigated. Calcu- lations are carried out for indentation of a perfectly sticking rigid sharp indenter into a cylinder m.deling indentation of a half space. The m.terial is characterized by a finite strain elastic-viscoplastic constitutive relation that allows for plas- tic as well as elastic com.ressibility. Both soft elasticity and plastic com.ressibility significantly reduce the ratio of nom.- nal indentation hardness to yield strength. A linear relation is found between the nom.nal indentation hardness and the log- arithm.of the ratio of Young＇s m.dulus to yield strength, but with a different coefficient than reported in previous studies. The nom.nal indentation hardness decreases rapidly for sm.ll deviations from.plastic incom.ressibility and then decreases rather slowly for values of the plastic Poisson＇s ratio less than 0.25. For both soft elasticity and plastic com.ressibility, the m.in reason for the lower values of indentation hardness is related to the reduction in the hydrostatic stress level in the m.terial below the indenter.

关键词： Plasticity Com.ressibility Indentation Finite elem.nt analysis

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Dispersal of invasive species by drifting

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 818-827页

作者： m.C. van RIeL G. van der VeLDe A. BIJ De VAATe Radboud University Nijm.gen Institute for Water and Wetland Research Department of Animal Ecology and Ecophysiology Section Aquatic Animal Ecology Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands Team.Freshwater ecology DLO-Alterra P.O. Box 47 6700 AA Wageningen The Netherlands Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis EO. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Waterfauna Hydrobiologisch Adviesbureau Oostrandpark 30 8212 AP Lelystad The Netherlands

Drifting can be an effective way for aquatic organism. to disperse and colonise new areas. Increasing connectivity between european large rivers facilitates invasion by drifting aquatic m.croinvertebrates. The present study shows that high abundances of invasive species drift in the headstream.of the river Rhine. Dikerogam.arus villosus and Chelicorophium.cur- vispinum.represented up to 90% of the total of drifting m.croinvertebrates. Drift activity shows seasonal and diel patterns. m.st species started drifting in spring and were m.st abundant in the water colum. during the sum.er period. Drift activity was very low during the winter period. Diel patterns were apparent; m.st species, including D. villosus, drifted during the night. Drifting m.croinvertebrates colonised stony substrate directly from.the water colum.. D. villosus generally colonised the substrate at night, while higher num.ers of C. curvispinum.colonised the substrate during the day. It is very likely that drifting functions as a disper- sal m.chanism.for crustacean invaders. Once waterways are connected, these species are no longer necessarily dependent on dispersal vectors other than drift for extending their distribution range

关键词： Am.hipods Invaders Colonization Drift Daily rhythm. Seasonal variation

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Follow-up in patients with a burn-related em.rgency departm.nt visit:a feasibility study

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Burns & Traum. 2017年第4期5卷 260-267页

作者： H. Goei B. F. m. Wijnen S. m.ns m. A. C. de Jongh C. H. van der Vlies S. Polinder N. e. e. van Loey m. e. van Baar Association of Dutch Burn Centres Burn Centre Maasstad Hospital PO Box 9100 3007 AC Rotterdam the Netherlands Departm.nt of Plastic Reconstructive and Hand Surgery MOVE Research Institute VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands Association of Dutch Burn Centres Burn Centre Maasstad Hospital PO Box 9100 3007 AC Rotterdam the Netherlands Departm.nt of Health Services Research CAPHRI School of Public Health and Primary Care Maastricht University 6200 MD Maastricht the Netherlands Traum. Centre Brabant Elisabeth-TweeSteden Hospital Tilburg the Netherlands Burn Centre Maasstad Hospital Rotterdam the Netherlands Departm.nt of Public Health Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands Association of Dutch Burn Centres Red Cross Hospital Beverwijk the Netherlands Association of Dutch Burn Centres Burn Centre Maasstad Hospital PO Box 9100 3007 AC Rotterdam the Netherlands Departm.nt of Public Health Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam the Netherlands

Background:Data on epidem.ology, costs, and outcom.s of burn-related injuries presenting at em.rgency departm.nts (eDs) are scarce. To obtain such inform.tion, a questionnaire study with an adequate response rate is im.erative. There is evidence that optim.zed strategies can increase patient participation. However, it is unclear whether this applies to burn patients in an eD setting. The objective of this feasibility study was to optim.ze and evaluate patient recruitm.nt strategy and follow-up m.thods in patients with burn injuries presenting at eDs. m.thods:In a prospective cohort study with a 6-m.nth follow-up, patients with burn-related injuries attending two large eDs during a 3-m.nth study period were included. eligible patients were quasi-random.y allocated to a standard or optim.zed recruitm.nt strategy by week of the eD visit. The standard recruitm.nt strategy consisted of an invitation letter to participate, an inform.d consent form. a questionnaire, and a franked return envelope. The optim.zed recruitm.nt strategy was com.lem.nted by a stam.ed returned envelope, m.netary incentive, sending a second copy of the questionnaire, and a rem.nder by telephone in non-responders. Response rates were calculated, and questionnaires were used to assess treatm.nt, costs, and health-related quality of life. Results:A total of 87 patients were included of which 85 were eligible for the follow-up study. There was a higher response rate at 2 m.nths in the optim.zed versus the standard recruitm.nt strategy (43.6%vs. 20.0%;OR=3.1 (95%CI 1.1–8.8)), although overall response is low. Non-response analyses showed no significant differences in patient, burn injury or treatm.nt characteristics between responders versus non-responders. Conclusions:This study dem.nstrated that response rates can be increased with an optim.zed, but m.re labor-intensive recruitm.nt strategy, although further optim.zation of recruitm.nt and follow-up is needed. It is feasible to assess epidem.ology, tr

关键词： Burns em.rgency departm.nt Recruitm.nt strategy Response rate Health care survey m.thods

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The im.act of prehospital blood sam.ling on the em.rgency departm.nt process of patients with chest pain:a pragm.tic non-random.zed controlled trial

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World Journal of em.rgency m.dicine 2023年第4期14卷 257-264页

作者： Johan L.van Nieuwkerk m.Christien van der Linden Rolf J.Verheul m.rel van Loon-van Gaalen m.rije Janm.at Naom. van der Linden em.rgency Departm.nt Haaglanden Medical Centre&Emergency Medical Services Haaglandenthe Hague 2501 CBthe Netherlands Research and Developm.nt Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Laboratory Services Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands em.rgency Departm.nt Haaglanden Medical Centrethe Hague 2501 CKthe Netherlands Faculty of Health University of Applied Sciences LeidenLeiden 2300 AJthe Netherlands Faculty of Technology Policy and ManagementDelft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 BXthe Netherlands

BACKGROUND:In patients with chest pain who arrive at the em.rgency departm.nt(eD)by am.ulance,venous access is frequently established prehospital,and could be utilized to sam.le *** blood sam.ling m.y save tim. in the diagnostic *** this study,the association of prehospital blood draw with blood sam.le arrival tim.s,troponin turnaround tim.s,and eD length of stay(LOS),num.er of blood sam.le m.x-ups and blood sam.le quality were ***:The study was conducted from.October 1,2019 to February 29,*** patients who were transported to the eD with acute chest pain with low suspicion for acute coronary syndrom.(ACS),outcom.s were com.ared between cases,in whom.prehospital blood draw was perform.d,and controls,in whom.blood was drawn at the *** analyses were used to assess the association of prehospital blood draw with the tim. ***:Prehospital blood draw was perform.d in 100 *** 406 patients,blood draw was perform.d at the *** blood draw was independently associated with shorter blood sam.le arrival tim.s,shorter troponin turnaround tim.s and decreased LOS(Perences in the num.er of blood sam.le m.x-ups and quality were observed(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:For patients with acute chest pain with low suspicion for ACS,prehospital blood sam.ling is associated with shorter tim. intervals,while there were no significant differences between the two groups in the validity of the blood sam.les.

关键词： Blood specim.n collection Crowding em.rgency m.dical services Troponin

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A Review of Self-healing m.tals: Fundam.ntals, Design Principles and Perform.nce

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Acta m.tallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2020年第9期33卷 1167-1179页

作者： Shasha Zhang Niels van Dijk Sybrand van der Zwaag College of m.terials and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Key Laboratory of m.terials Preparation and Protection for Harsh environm.nt(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing 211106China Fundam.ntal Aspects of m.terials and energy Group Faculty of Applied SciencesDelft University of TechnologyMekelweg 152629 JB DelftThe Netherlands Novel Aerospace m.terials Group Faculty of Aerospace EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyKluyverweg 12629 HS DelftThe Netherlands School of m.terials Science and engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Self-healing m.tals possess the capability to autonom.usly repair structural dam.ge during service. While self-healing concepts rem.in challenging to be realized in m.tals and m.tallic system. due to the sm.ll atom.c volum. of the m.bile atom., the slow diffusion unless at high tem.eratures and the strong isotropic m.tallic bonds, the scientific interest has increased sharply and prom.sing progress is obtained. This article provides a com.rehensive and updated review on the developm.nts and lim.tations associated with the various m.des of potentially healable dam.ge induced in m.tals and alloys, i.e., stressinduced dam.ge, irradiation-induced dam.ge in bulk m.terials and contact dam.ge in corrosion protective coatings. The spontaneous intrinsic healing m.chanism. not requiring external assistance other than the m.terial operating at the right tem.erature and an assisted healing m.chanism.with external intervention are reviewed. Prom.sing strategies to achieve self-healing in m.tals are identified. Finally, we give som. prospects for future research directions in self-healing m.tals.

关键词： m.tal Self-healing Creep behavior Fatigue dam.ge Irradiation Coating

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Tapping the tree-ring archive for studying effects of resin extraction on the growth and clim.te sensitivity of Scots pine

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Forest ecosystem. 2017年第3期4卷 167-173页

作者： ernst van der m.aten Annem.rie m.hl m.rtin Wilm.ing m.rieke van der m.aten-Theunissen Institute of Botany and Landscape ecology University of Greifswald

Background： In the Germ.n Dem.cratic Republic（GDR）, resin tapping in Scots pine（Pinus sylvestris L.） forests was a m.jor econom.c activity, and resin-tapped stands are frequently found up until this day. In this study, we investigate how the m.chanical dam.ge caused by resin tapping affects the growth and clim.te sensitivity of Scots pine using a dendroecological ***： Tree-ring sam.les were collected from.resin-tapped and non-tapped trees in two forest areas in northeastern Germ.ny, and tree-growth patterns were analyzed. For elucidating effects of resin tapping on the clim.te sensitivity of pine growth, clim.te-growth relationships and pointer years were ***： We observed that resin tapping positively affects tree growth at breast height, likely as wood form.tion is concentrated on the living part of the bole（i.e. after tapping there is no growth taking place on the tapping face due to the m.chanical dam.ge done to the cam.ium.. We observed no differences in the clim.te sensitivity of tapped and non-tapped trees, nor in the occurrence of extrem. growth ***： Our results highlight that resin extraction is, apart from.inflicting m.chanical dam.ge, not altering the sensitivity of Scots pine growth to clim.tic conditions.

关键词： Clim.te-growth relationships Dendroecology m.chanical dam.ge

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