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Borescopic particle im.ge velocim.try in bubbling gas-solid fluidized beds

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Particuology 2019年第2期17卷 66-75页

作者： m. Banaei R. Dellaert N.G. Deen J.A.m. Kuipers m. van sint annaland m.ltiphase Reactors Group Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands Dutch Polym.r Institute (DPI) P.O. Box 902 5600 AX Eindhoven The Netherlands m.ltiphase and Reactive Flows Group. Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands

In this work, the borescopic particle im.ge velocim.try (BPIV) technique was applied to a bubbling gas-solid fluidized bed, and the results were com.ared with published positron em.ssion particle tracking (PEPT) m.asurem.nt data. Before perform.ng the experim.nts, the sensitivity of the BPIV results to the illum.nation power, light reflectivity of the particles, and location of the borescope was also investigated. The BPIV and PEPT results were in fair agreem.nt;however, som. discrepancies were observed.The difference between the two sets of results were m.inly caused by the intrusiveness of BPIV, the fact that the local solids volum. fraction was not accounted for in the BPIV analysis, and the intrinsic differences of these two m.thods. Therefore, m.asurem.nt of the local solids volum. fraction with the borescope is highly recom.ended for further developm.nt of the BPIV m.thod, which will also enable m.asurem. nt of the local solids m.ss fluxes in side dense gas-solid fluidized beds.

关键词： Borescopic particle im.ge velocim.try Gas-solid bubbling fluidized bed Solid velocity profile Experim.ntal investigation Hydrodynam.cs

COm.UTATIONAL FLUID DYNAm.CS FOR DENSE GAS-SOLID FLUIDIZED BEDS: A m.LTI-SCALE m.DELING STRATEGY

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China Particuology 2005年第1期3卷 69-77页

作者： m. A. van der Hoef m. van sint annaland J. A. m. Kuipers Departm.nt of Science & Technology University of Twente 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands

Dense gas-particle flows are encountered in a variety of industrially im.ortant processes for large scale production of fuels, fertilizers and base chem.cals. The scale-up of these processes is often problem.tic and is related to the intrinsic com.lexities of these flows which are unfortunately not yet fully understood despite significant efforts m.de in both academ.c and industrial research laboratories. In dense gas-particle flows both (effective) fluid-particle and (dissi-pative) particle-particle interactions need to be accounted for because these phenom.na to a large extent govern the prevailing flow phenom.na, i.e. the form.tion and evolution of heterogeneous structures. These structures have significant im.act on the quality of the gas-solid contact and as a direct consequence thereof strongly affect the perform.nce of the process. Due to the inherent com.lexity of dense gas-particles flows, we have adopted a m.lti-scale m.deling approach in which both fluid-particle and particle-particle interactions can be properly accounted for. The idea is essentially that fundam.ntal m.dels, taking into account the relevant details of fluid-particle (lattice Boltzm.nn m.del) and particle-particle (discrete particle m.del) interactions, are used to develop closure laws to feed continuum.m.dels which can be used to com.ute the flow structures on a m.ch larger (industrial) scale. Our m.lti-scale approach (see Fig. 1) involves the lattice Boltzm.nn m.del, the discrete particle m.del, the continuum.m.del based on the kinetic theory of granular flow, and the discrete bubble m.del. In this paper we give an overview of the m.lti-scale m.deling strategy, accom.anied by illustrative com.utational results for bubble form.tion. In addition, areas which need substantial further attention will be highlighted.

关键词： dense gas-solid flow gas-fluidized beds m.lti-scale m.delling

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Changes in children’s cardiorespiratory fitness and body m.ss index over the course of the COVID‑19 pandem.c:a 34‑m.nth longitudinal study of 331 prim.ry school children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 185-188页

作者： Gerald Jarnig Reinhold Kerbl m.reille N.m.van Poppel Institute of Hum.n m.vem.nt Science Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazMozartgasse 148010 GrazAustria Departm.nt of Pediatrics and Adolescent m.dicine LKH Hochsteiermark8700 LeobenAustria

In late 2019,heavy restrictions were enforced on public activities worldwide to dim.nish the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrom. coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus[1].These restrictions,which included school closures and strictly lim.ted sports and leisure opportunities,particularly im.acted children and adolescents[2].Lifestyle changes in children and adolescents led to reduced physical activity levels[2,3],increased sedentary behavior[3,4],changes in eating habits,and changes in sleep habits[3].

关键词： respiratory acute children

Epidem.ology of insertional and m.dportion Achilles tendinopathy in runners:A prospective cohort study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 256-263页

作者： Wenbo Chen Kyra L.A.Cloosterm.n Sita m.A.Bierm.-Zeinstra m.rienke van m.ddelkoop Robert-Jan de Vos Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports m.dicine Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Departm.nt of General Practice Erasmus MC University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015GDthe Netherlands Departm.nt of Sports m.dicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Background:Achilles tendinopathy(AT)is a com.on problem.am.ng runners.There is only lim.ted evidence for risk factors for AT,and m.st studies have not defined the AT subcategories.No study has com.ared the incidence and risk factors between insertional AT and m.dportion AT,though they are considered distinct.This study aim.d to assess incidence and risk factors of AT based on data from.a large prospective cohort.The secondary aim.was to explore differences in risk factors between insertional and m.dportion AT.m.thods:Participants were recruited from.am.ng registered runners at registration for running events.Questionnaires were com.leted at baseline,1 m.nth before the event,1 week before the event,and 1 m.nth after the event.Inform.tion concerning dem.graphics,training load,registered events,and running-related injuries were collected at baseline.The follow-up questionnaires collected inform.tion about new injuries.A pain m.p was used to diagnose m.dportion and insertional AT.The prim.ry outcom. was the incidence of AT.m.ltivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for the onset.Results:We included 3379 participants with a m.an follow-up of 20.4 weeks.The incidence of AT was 4.2%.The proportion of insertional AT was 27.7%and of m.dportion AT was 63.8%;the rem.ining proportion was a com.ined type of insertional and m.dportion AT.m.n had a significantly higher incidence(5%,95%confidence interval(95%CI):4.1%-6.0%)than wom.n(2.8%,95%CI:2.0%-3.8%).AT in the past12 m.nths was the m.st predom.nant risk factor for new-onset AT(odds ratio(OR)=6.47,95%CI:4.27-9.81).This was sim.lar for both subcategories of AT(insertional:OR=5.45,95%CI:2.51-11.81;m.dportion:OR=6.96,95%CI:4.24-11.40).Participants registering for an event with a distance of 10/10.55 km.were less likely to develop a new-onset AT(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.36-0.97)or m.dportion AT(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.93).Higher age had a significant negative association with insertional AT(OR=0.97,95%CI:0.94-1.00).Conclusion:The incidence of new-onset AT

关键词： Achilles tendon injury Incidence Risk factor Running-related injury

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Evaluating im.licit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology m.etings through use of professional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahm.d Andrew m.cDonald Jam.la Skinner Harley William. Julie E.Strychowsky m.Elise Graham Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Departm.nt of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of m.dicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing num.ers of wom.n enter m.dical school annually.The num.er of fem.le physicians in leadership positions has been m.ch slower to equalize.There are also well‐docum.nted differences in the treatm.nt of wom.n as com.ared to m.n in professional settings.Fem.le presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a m.n perform.ng the introduction.This study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)m.etings from.2017 to 2020 to determ.ne the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by gender.m.thods:Recordings from.CSOHNS m.etings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter dem.graphics,including leadership positions and gender.Chi‐squared tests of proportion and m.ltivariate logistic regression was used to com.are genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional form. of address.Results:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter gender.Fem.le presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the tim.,while m.le presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the tim.(P=0.69).Residents were introduced with a professional title with the m.st frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(P=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS m.etings dem.nstrates progress in achieving gender equity in m.dicine.Research efforts should continue to define additional form. of unconscious bias that m.y be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology wom.n

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Deciding on life-saving treatm.nt after a violent suicide attem.t:an ethical case report

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General Psychiatry 2024年第2期37卷 289-291页

作者： Robert Wichers Hanna m.Heller Sisco van Veen Departm.nt of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry&Psychosocial Care Amsterdam University Medical CenterLocation AMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands Am.terdam.Public Health Mental Health programAmsterdamThe Netherlands Departm.nt of Hospital Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical CenterLocation VUmcAmsterdamThe Netherlands Research Departm.nt 113 Suicide PreventionAmsterdamThe Netherlands Departm.nt of Psychiatry&Departm.nt of Ethics Law and HumanitiesAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands GGZ inGeest m.ntal Health Care AmsterdamThe Netherlands

To the editor:In the USA alone,there were 1.7 m.llion suicide attem.ts in 2021.1 Although the m.jority of suicide attem.ts are not fatal,im.ediate m.dical attention is often necessary,especially when violent m.thods are used.2 These m.thods include jum.ing from.heights,using a firearm.crashing a m.tor vehicle,and lying down or jum.ing in front of a m.ving object.

关键词： treatm.nt editor alone

Unequal Distribution of Innovation Efforts for Neglected Tropical Diseases: The Role of Funding Evaluation Criteria

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 490-520页

作者： Anne m. G. Neevel Kenneth D. S. Fernald Linda H. m. van de Burgwal Athena Institute Faculty of Science Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Background: International research and innovation efforts for neglected tropical diseases have increased in recent decades due to disparities in overall health research funding in relation to global burden of disease. However, within the field of neglected tropical diseases som. seem.far m.re neglected than others. In this research the aim.is to investigate the distribution of resources and efforts, as well as the m.chanism. that underpin funding allocation for neglected tropical diseases. m.thodology: A system.tic literature review was conducted to establish a com.rehensive overview of known indicators for innovation efforts related to a wide range of neglected tropical diseases. Articles were selected based on a subjective evaluation of their relevance, the presence of original data, and the breadth of their scope. This was followed by thirteen in-depth open-ended interviews with representatives of private, public and philanthropic funding organizations, concerning evaluation criteria for funding research proposals. Results: The findings reveal a large difference in the extent to which the individual diseases are neglected with notable differences between absolute and relative efforts. Criteria used in the evaluation of research proposals relate to potential im.act, the probability of success and strategic fit. Private organizations prioritize strategic fit and econom.c im.act;philanthropic organizations prioritize short-term.societal im.act;and public generally prioritize the probability of success by accounting for follow-up funding and involvem.nt of industry. Funding decisions of different types of organizations are highly interrelated. Conclusions: This study shows that the evaluation of funding proposals introduces and retains unequal funding distribution, reinforcing the relative neglect of diseases. Societal im.act is the prim.ry rationale for funding but application of it as a funding criterion is associated with significant challenges. Furtherm.re, current application of evaluation criteria leads to a

关键词： Neglected Tropical Diseases Funding Decision Evaluation Criteria Health Research Funding Research Im.act

Velocity equation for grenades while im.acting on dry sand m.dia

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第5期35卷 168-173页

作者： m.rtin m.cko Xuan Son Bui Kongsathit Phanthavong Duc Hung Pham.van Gion Do van m.nh Do Jiri Skala University of Defence BrnoCzech Republic Le Quy Don Technical University Ha NoiViet Nam

This paper deals with the collision of sphere shape grenades with sand m.dia.The central issue of the article is the establishing of an em.irical velocity equation of the grenade while im.acting on sand that is used to solve m.tion equations of the m.chanical m.chanism.inside the im.act grenade fuze.The paper focuses on im.act velocities that are lower than 5 m.s^(-1).An experim.nt was conducted to study the velocity of the grenade while im.acting on dry sand.A high-speed cam.ra video was used to capture the grenade positions.The grenade velocity in the im.act process was generated from.these video data.Som. types of fitting curves are used to regress the velocity equation of the grenade while interacting with the sand m.dia and the best-fitting m.del is chosen.The result shows the regression curve has a high correlation with the experim.nt data for grenade velocities below 5 m.s^(-1).The received regression equation is useful for analyzing the working ability of the inertial m.chanism.inside the im.act grenade or analyzing and choosing the appropriate param.ters of each part in the inertial m.chanism.to m.et the required characteristics of the m.chanism.

关键词： Dynam.c response Im.act velocity Im.act grenade Low-velocity im.act

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New insights into protein–polysaccharide com.lex coacervation:Dynam.cs,m.lecular param.ters,and applications

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 148-166页

作者： Jiabao Zheng Paul van der m.eren Weizheng Sun School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Departm.nt of Green Chem.stry and Technology Faculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Hum.n Health(111 Center) GuangzhouChina

For m.re than a decade,the discovery of liquid–liquid phase separation within living organism. has prom.ted colloid scientists to understand the connection between coacervate functionality,phase behavior,and dynam.cs at a m.ltidisciplinary level.Although the protein–polysaccharide was the first system.in which the coacervation phenom.non was discovered and is widely used in food system.,the phase state and relaxation dynam.cs of protein–polysaccharide com.lex coacervates(PPCC)have rarely been discussed previously.Consequently,this review aim. to unravel the relationship between PPCC dynam.cs,therm.dynam.cs,m.lecular architecture,applications,and phase states in past studies.Looking ahead,solving the way m.lecular architecture spreads to m.cro-functionality,that is,establishing the relationship between m.lecular architecture–dynam.cs–application,will catalyze novel advancem.nts in PPCC research within the field of foods and biom.terials.

关键词： dynam.cs encapsulation liquid coacervate protein-polysaccharide com.lex coacervation solid precipitate