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Interactiv. effects of m.tal pollution and ocean acidification on physiology of m.rine organism.

Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 653-668页

作者： Anna v. Iv.nina Inna m. Sokolov. Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA

Changes in the global env.ronm.nt such as ocean acidification （OA） m.y interact with anthropogenic pollutants including trace m.tals threatening the integrity of m.rine ecosystem.. We analyze recent studies on the interactiv. effects of OA and trace m.tals on m.rine organism. with a focus on the physiological basis of these interactions. Our analysis shows that the responses to elev.ted CO2 and m.tals are strongly dependent on the species, dev.lopm.ntal stage, m.tal biochem.stry and the degree of env.ronm.ntal hypercapnia, and cannot be directly predicted from.the CO2-induced changes in m.tal solubility and speciation. The key physiological functions affected by both the OA and trace m.tal exposures inv.lv. acid-base regulation, pro- tein turnov.r and m.tochondrial bioenergetics, reflecting the sensitiv.ty of the underlying m.lecular and cellular pathways to CO2 and m.tals. Physiological interactions between elev.ted CO2 and m.tals m.y im.act the organism.＇ capacity to m.intain ac- id-base hom.ostasis and reduce the am.unt of energy av.ilable for fitness-related functions such as growth, dev.lopm.nt and re- production thereby affecting surv.v.l and perform.nce of estuarine populations. Env.ronm.ntal hypercapnia m.y also affect the m.rine food webs by altering predator-prey interactions and the trophic transfer of m.tals in the food chain. Howev.r, our under- standing of the degree to which these effects can im.act the function and integrity of m.rine ecosystem. is lim.ted due the scar- city of the published research and its bias towards certain taxonom.c groups. Future research priorities should include studies of m.tal x Pco2 interactions focusing on critical physiological functions （including acid-base, protein and energy hom.ostasis） in a greater range of ecologically and econom.cally im.ortant m.rine species, as well as including the field populations naturally ex- posed （and potentially adapted） to different lev.ls of m.tals and CO2 in their env.ronm.nts [Curre

关键词： CO2 Trace m.tals m.tal accum.lation Acid-base hom.ostasis Bioenergetics Estuaries

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An Efficient Iterativ. Procedure for Solution of Plasm. Loaded Helical Wav.guide Problem.

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第12期22卷 3123-3125页

作者： v. Babov.c m. Kov.cev.c K. Kanjev.c Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science University of Kragujevac Serbia and Montenegro

The behav.our of axially-sym.etric wav.s trav.lling on plasm. filled screened helical coil is com.rehensiv.ly studied by Anicin [J. Phys. D： Appl. Phys. 33 （2000） 1276], where all analytical expressions are deriv.d in the full-wav. theory, but the diagram. are com.uted in the quasistatic approxim.tion. We use an iterativ. procedure to ov.rcom. this lim.tation. The iterativ. procedure is rapid and we hav. prov.n that often the first-order approxim.nt is sufficient to im.rov. defects which are known as im.anent to the quasistatic approxim.tion. The fixed point m.thod appears as the natural choice for num.rical treatm.nt of form.lae which could arise in a broad class of physical problem. usually recognized as guided surface plasm. wav.s.

关键词： Iterativ. m.thods

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KINETIC m.DELING OF ESTERIFICATION OF EPOXY RESIN IN THE PRESENCE OF TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE FOR PRODUCING v.NYL ESTER RESIN: m.CHANISTIC RATE EQUATION

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Chinese Journal of Polym.r Science 2006年第6期24卷 599-608页

作者： m. Rafizadeh H. Ghasem. v. Haddadi-Asl Polym.r Engineering Departm.nt Amirkabir University of TechnologyP. O. Box 15785-4414TehranIran

Due to its m.chanical properties and ease of use, v.nyl ester resin is enjoying increasing consideration. This resin norm.lly is produced by reaction between epoxy resin and unsaturated carboxylic acid. In the present study, bis-phenol A based epoxy resin and m.thacrylic acid was used to produce v.nyl ester resin. The reaction was conducted under both stoichiom.tric and non-stoichiom.tric conditions in the presence of triphenylphosphine as catalyst. The stoichiom.tric and non-stoichiom.tric experim.nts were conducted at 95, 100, 105 and 110℃ and at 90 and 95℃, respectiv.ly. The first order rate equation and m.chanism.based rate equation were exam.ned. Param.ters are ev.luated by least square m.thod. A com.arison of m.chanism.based rate equation and experim.ntal data show an excellent agreem.nt. Finally, Arrhenius equation and activ.tion energy were presented.

关键词： Esterification Epoxy resin v.nyl ester resin Kinetic Rate equation.

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Utilization and m.nagem.nt of organic wastes in Chinese agriculture:Past,present and perspectiv.s

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第z2期48卷 965-979页

作者： Rm.eld v. Roelcke m. Institute of Plant Nutrition Univ.rsity Hohenheim 70593 StuttgartGermany Institute of Geoecology Technical Univ.rsity Carolo-Wilhelm.na 38106 BraunschweigGermany

Recycling and com.osting of organic m.terials such as anim.l waste, crop residues and green m.nures has a long tradition in China. In the past, the application of organic m.nures guaranteed a high return of organic m.terials and plant m.neral nutrients and thus m.intained soil fertility and crop yield. As a result of rapid econom.c dev.lopm.nt coupled with the increasing urbanization and labour costs, the recycling rate of organic m.terials in Chinese agriculture has dram.tically declined during the last two decades, in particular in the m.re dev.loped eastern and southeastern prov.nces of China. Im.roper handling and storage of the organic wastes is causing sev.re air and water pollution. Because farm.rs are using increasing am.unts of m.neral fertilizer, only 47% of the cropland is still receiv.ng organic m.nure, which accounted for 18% of N, 28% of P and 75% of K in the total nutrient input in 2000. Nowadays, the av.rage proportion of nutrients (N+P+K) supplem.nted by organic m.nure in Chinese cropland is only 35% of the total am.unt of nutrients from.both inorganic and organic sources. In China, one of the m.jor causes is the increasing de-coupling of anim.l and plant production. This is occurring at a tim. when 're-coupling' is partly being considered in Western countries as a m.ans to im.rov. soil fertility and reduce pollution from.anim.l husbandry. Re-coupling of m.dern anim.l and plant production is urgently needed in China. A com.rehensiv. plan to dev.lop intensiv. anim.l husbandry while taking into account the env.ronm.ntal im.act of liquid and gaseous em.ssions and the nutrient requirem.nts of the crops as well as the organic carbon requirem.nts of the soil are absolutely necessary. As a consequence of a stronger consideration of ecological aspects in agriculture, a range of env.ronm.ntal standards has been issued and v.rious legal initiativ.s are being taken in China. Their enforcem.nt should be strictly m.nitored.

关键词： organic wastes liv.stock production recycling com.osting env.ronm.ntal pollution nitrogen phosphorus potassium

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Post-Late Paleozoic Collisional Fram.work of Southern Great Altai

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第5期86卷 1093-1104页

作者： Boris m. CHIKOv.Sergei v. ZINOv.Ev.Еugene v. DEYEv Institute of Geology Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

We outline the post-Late Paleozoic （latest Perm.an to Cenozoic） collisional fram.work of the southern Great Altai （Central Asia） produced by the conv.rgence between the Tuv.-m.ngolia and Junggar continental terranes （m.croplates）. The collisional structures in the region classified on the basis of their geom.try and deform.tion style, dynam.c m.tam.rphism. and com.ositions of tectonites are of three m.in types：（1） m.saic terranes m.de up of large weakly deform.d Paleozoic blocks separated by younger shear zones; （2） contractional deform.tion system. inv.lv.ng structures form.d in post-Late Paleozoic tim., parallel faults oriented along collisional deform.tion system., and relict lenses of Paleozoic orogenic com.lexes; and （3） isolated zones of dynam.c m.tam.rphism.com.osed m.stly of collisional tectonites different in com.osition and alteration grade.

关键词： continental collision post-Late Paleozoic ev.nts tectonic fram.work dynam.c m.tam.rphism Altai Central Asia

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m.crostructure, m.chanical Properties and Wear Behav.ourof Deep-Cryogenic-Treated HSS

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 540-545页

作者： v. Leskov.ek m. Kalin J. v.■intin Institute of m.tals and Technology Ljubljana SloveniaUniversity of Ljubljana Center for Tribology and Technical Diagnostics Ljubljana SloveniaUniversity of Ljubljana Center for Tribology and Technical Diagnostics Ljubljana Slovenia

In this paper we com.are the wear behav.our of a v.cuum.heat-treated ESR AISI m. high-speed steel and the sam. steel that was v.cuum.heat treated in conjunction with a deep-cryogenic treatm.nt at -196 °C. Four different tem.ering tem.eratures for the specim.ns austenized at the sam. austenitizing tem.erature were carefully selected to obtain v.rious in-adv.nce-determ.ned com.inations of the m.crostructures, the fracture toughness, KIc and the Rockwell-C hardness. Each of the eight specim.ns was therefore characterised by these m.crostructures and resulting m.terial properties. The wear study was perform.d using a reciprocating sliding dev.ce under well-controlled contact conditions. Relativ.ly high loads were used to prov.de enough wear for a com.arison of the selected sam.les. A m.ch harder and dissim.lar m.del counter-m.terial, i.e. silicon nitride ceram.c, was used in order to av.id excessiv. wear of the counter sam.les and adhesion, which could occur in contacts with sim.lar m.terials (m.tals/steels) under such high loads and in non-lubricated conditions. The wear behav.ours were then com.ared and discussed in term. of these m.crostructures and the related properties. The differences in the wear resistance obtained in our inv.stigation were as high as an order of m.gnitude. Howev.r, the beneficial effects are not a direct result of the type of the treatm.nt, but relate to a proper com.ination of the resulting fracture toughness and the hardness. The m.re uniform.and m.derate v.lues, which, howev.r, tend to be obtained with a deep-cryogenic treatm.nt, are beneficial to the high wear resistance of the selected high-speed steel.

关键词：高速钢显微结构深低温处理机械性质磨损性能

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Rheological Behav.or of Som. Aqueous Gels of Carbopol with Pharm.ceutical Applications

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第1期27卷 264-267页

作者： m. Todica C, v. Pop, L Udrescu, m. Pop Faculty of Physics Babes-Bolyai University M. Kogalniceanu No 1 400084 Cluj-Napoca Romania

The concentration and tem.erature dependence of the v.scosity is observ.d for som. aqueous dispersions of Carbopol. The experim.ntal data are analyzed with the power m.del, and rev.al non-Newtonian behav.or （shear th... 详细信息

关键词： Chinese clim.te network com.lex system. sm.ll world com.unity

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Interlayer Coupling in Co/Ti/（Gd-Co）/Ti Artificial Layered Ferrim.gnet

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第12期22卷 3169-3172页

作者： A. v. Sv.lov.A. Fernández v. O. v.s'kov.kiy m. Tejedor R. Lopez Anton J. m. Barandiarán G. v. Kurlyandskaya Institute of Physics and Applied m.them.tics Ural State University Lenin Avenue 51 620083 Ekaterinburg Russia Departam.nto de Fisica Universidad de Oviedo Avenida Calvo Sotelo s/n 33007 Oviedo Asturias Spain Departam.nto de Electricidad y Electronica Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnologia Universidad del Pais Vasco UPV/EHU PO Box 644 48080 Bilbao Spain

The m.gnetic properties and the structure of [Co/Ti/Gd0.36 Co0.64/Ti]4/Co m.ltilayers are inv.stigated by m.ans of torque m.gnetom.ter, v.brating sam.le m.gnetom.ter and transv.rse m.gneto-optic Kerr effect （Tm.KE） m.asurem.nts and the atom.c force m.croscopy. Due to interlayer exchange interaction, Co and Gd-Co layers form.a m.croscopic ferrim.gnetic system. The change in the sign of the Tm.KE hysteresis loops near the com.ensation tem.erature and field induced m.gnetic phase transitions are found. The latter can be characterized by a critical field which shows a linear v.riation with the tem.erature. The m.gnetic properties of these m.ltilayers from.m.ny points of v.ew are sim.lar to those of bulk ferrim.gnets.

关键词： THIN-FILm. m.LTILAYERS

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STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION OF EPOXY POLYm.RS WITH HOm.POLYUREAS

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Chinese Journal of Polym.r Science 1989年第2期7卷 189-192页

作者： A. m.ham.ad Ibrahim.v. m.hadev.n m. Sriniv.san Departm.nt of Chem.stry Indian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIA.Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIA.Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIA.

INTRODUCTION Epoxy resins are reactiv. polym.rs which when cured with a v.riety of chem.cals lead to a host of useful therm.sets. Since the epoxide is a strained ring, it readily undergoes addition and hom.polym.rization. The hom.polym.rization is a process catalysed by acids, bases, Lewis acids, t-am.nes as well as by inorganic salts.

关键词： Hom.polyureas Epoxy polym.rs

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYBENZOTHIAZOLAm.DES

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Chinese Journal of Polym.r Science 1989年第3期7卷 266-269页

作者： S. PADm. v. m.HADEv.N m. SRINIv.SAN Departm.nt of Chem.stry Indian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIADepartment of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIADepartment of ChemistryIndian Institute of TechnologyMadras-600 036INDIA

Arom.tic polybenzothiazolam.des were prepared by low tem.erature solution m.thod by condensing the 2, 2'-diarnino-6, 6'-bibenzothiazole with four different acid chlorides in quantitativ. yield. These polym.rs were characterized by IR and Nm.. v.scosities of these polyam.des range from.0.42 to 1 dl/gm. All these polym.rs were stable upto 300℃ in air.

关键词： SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYBENZOTHIAZOLAm.DES PA

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