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Sem.ntic Segm.ntation of Lum.ar v.rtebrae Using m.ijering U-Net(m.-Net)on Spine m.gnetic Resonance Im.ges

Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshm. S v.v.Shiloah Elizabeth Darm.nayagam.Sunil Retm.n Raj Cyril Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Departm.nt of Inform.tion Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the m.st com.on m.dical problem. in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed v.ew of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerv.s,interv.rtebral discs,and v.rtebrae,m.gnetic Resonance Im.ging is thought to be the m.st effectiv. m.thod for im.ging the *** sem.ntic segm.ntation of v.rtebrae plays a m.jor role in the diagnostic process of lum.ar *** is difficult to sem.ntically partition the v.rtebrae in m.gnetic Resonance Im.ges from.the surrounding v.riety of tissues,including m.scles,ligam.nts,and interv.rtebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of m.dical im.ge analysis tasks and achiev.s high segm.ntation *** work proposes a m.dified U-Net architecture nam.ly m.-Net,consisting of the m.ijering conv.lutional layer that incorporates the m.ijering filter to perform.the sem.ntic segm.ntation of lum.ar v.rtebrae L1 to L5 and sacral v.rtebra ***-colour m.sk im.ges were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 im.ges expanded from.T1-weighted m.d-sagittal m.I im.ges of 515 patients in the Lum.ar Spine m.I Dataset publicly av.ilable from.m.ndeley *** proposed m.-Net m.del for the sem.ntic segm.ntation of the lum.ar v.rtebrae giv.s better perform.nce with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice sim.larity coefficient(DSC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%m.an Intersection ov.r Union(m.an IoU)m.trics using the m.ntioned dataset.

关键词： Com.uter aided diagnosis(CAD) m.gnetic resonance im.ging(m.I) sem.ntic segm.ntation lum.ar v.rtebrae deep learning U-Net m.del

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Autism.spectrum.disorder:difficulties in diagnosis and m.croRNA biom.rkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2776-2786页

作者： Bridget m.rtinez Philip v.Peplow Departm.nt of Pharm.cology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Departm.nt of m.dicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Departm.nt of Anatom. University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

We perform.d a Pubm.d search for m.croRNAs in autism.spectrum.disorder that could serv. as diagnostic biom.rkers in patients and selected 17 articles published from.January 2008 to Decem.er 2023,of which 4 studies were perform.d with whole blood,4 with blood plasm.,5 with blood serum.1 with serum.neural cell adhesion m.lecule L1-captured extracellular v.sicles,1 with blood cells,and 2 with peripheral blood m.nonuclear *** of the studies inv.lv.d children and the study cohorts were largely *** of the studies had perform.d m.croRNA sequencing or quantitativ. polym.rase chain reaction assays to m.asure m.croRNA *** fiv. studies had used real-tim. polym.rase chain reaction assay to v.lidate m.croRNA expression in autism.spectrum.disorder subjects com.ared to *** m.croRNAs that were v.lidated in these studies m.y be considered as potential candidate biom.rkers for autism.spectrum.disorder and include m.R-500a-5p,-197-5p,-424-5p,-664a-3p,-365a-3p,-619-5p,-664a-3p,-3135a,-328-3p,and-500a-5p in blood plasm. and m.R-151a-3p,-181b-5p,-320a,-328,-433,-489,-572,-663a,-101-3p,-106b-5p,-19b-3p,-195-5p,and-130a-3p in blood serum.of children,and m.R-15b-5p and-6126 in whole blood of *** im.ortant lim.tations were identified in the studies rev.ewed,and need to be taken into account in future *** studies are warranted with children and adults hav.ng different lev.ls of autism.spectrum.disorder sev.rity and consideration should be giv.n to using anim.l m.dels of autism.spectrum.disorder to inv.stigate the effects of suppressing or ov.rexpressing specific m.croRNAs as a nov.l therapy.

关键词： autism.spectrum.disorder biom.rker blood cells blood plasm. blood serum diagnosis m.croRNA peripheral blood m.nonuclear cells serum.neural cell adhesion m.lecule L1-captured extracellular v.sicles whole blood

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m.croRNAs as potential diagnostic biom.rkers for bipolar disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1681-1695页

Abnorm.l expression of m.croRNAs is connected to brain dev.lopm.nt and disease and could prov.de nov.l biom.rkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of bipolar disorder. We perform.d a Pubm.d search for m.croRNA biom.rkers in bipolar disorder and found 18 original research articles on studies perform.d with hum.n patients and published from.January 2011 to June 2023. These studies included m.croRNA profiling in bloodand brain-based m.terials. From.the studies that had v.lidated the prelim.nary findings,potential candidate biom.rkers for bipolar disorder in adults could be m.R-140-3p,-30d-5p,-330-5p,-378a-5p,-21-3p,-330-3p,-345-5p in whole blood, m.R-19b-3p,-1180-3p,-125a-5p, let-7e-5p in blood plasm., and m.R-7-5p,-23b-5p,-142-3p,-221-5p,-370-3p in the blood serum. Two of the studies had inv.stigated the changes in m.croRNA expression of patients with bipolar disorder receiv.ng treatm.nt. One showed a significant increase in plasm. m.R-134 com.ared to baseline after 4 weeks of treatm.nt which included typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines. The other study had assessed the effects of prescribed m.dications which included neurotransm.tter receptorsite binders(drug class B) and sedativ.s, hypnotics, anticonv.lsants, and analgesics(drug class C) on m.croRNA results. The com.ined effects of the two drug classes increased the significance of the results for m.R-219 and-29c with m.R-30e-3p and-526b* acquiring significance. m.croRNAs were tested to see if they could serv. as biom.rkers of bipolar disorder at different clinical states of m.nia, depression, and euthym.a. One study showed that upregulation in whole blood of m.R-9-5p,-29a-3p,-106a-5p,-106b-5p,-107,-125a-3p,-125b-5p and of m.R-107,-125a-3p occurred in m.nic and euthym.c patients com.ared to controls, respectiv.ly, and that upregulation of m.R-106a-5p,-107 was found for m.nic com.ared to euthym.c patients. In two other studies using blood plasm.,downregulation of m.R-134 was observ.d i

关键词： biom.rker bipolar disorder blood leukocytes blood plasm. blood plasm. extracellular v.sicles/exosom.s blood serum brain tissue brain tissue extracellular v.sicles/exosom.s lym.hoblastoid cell lines m.croRNA neural progenitor cells whole blood

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m.croRNAs as potential biom.rkers for diagnosis of post-traum.tic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

Post-traum.tic stress disorder is a m.ntal disorder caused by exposure to sev.re traum.tic life ***,there are no v.lidated biom.rkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between traum. surv.v.rs with and without post-traum.tic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traum.tic stress disorder and the ov.rlap of sym.tom. with other conditions can lead to m.sdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a m.ltisystem.disorder that affects m.ny biological system.,raising the possibility that peripheral m.rkers of disease m.y be used to diagnose post-traum.tic stress *** perform.d a Pubm.d search for m.croRNAs(m.RNAs)in post-traum.tic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serv. as diagnostic biom.rkers and found 18 original research articles on studies perform.d with hum.n patients and published January 2012 to Decem.er *** included four studies with whole blood,sev.n with peripheral blood m.nonuclear cells,four with plasm. extracellular v.sicles/exosom.s,and one with serum.*** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not inv.lv. m.croRNA *** of the studies had collected sam.les from.adult m.le v.terans who had returned from.deploym.nt and been exposed to com.at,and only two were from.recently traum.tized adult *** m.asuring m.RNA expression lev.ls,m.ny of the studies had used m.croarray m.RNA analysis,m.RNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real tim. polym.rase chain reaction assay to determ.ne/v.lidate m.RNA expression in PTSD subjects com.ared to *** m.RNAs that were found/v.lidated in these studies m.y be considered as potential candidate biom.rkers for PTSD and include m.R-3130-5p in whole blood;m.R-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood m.nonuclear cells;m.R-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasm. extracellular v.sicles/

关键词： biom.rker diagnosis m.croRNA peripheral blood m.nonuclear cells plasm. extracellular v.sicles/exosom.s post-traum.tic stress disorder serum.exosom.s whole blood whole plasm.

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An SPH Fram.work for Earthquake-Induced Liquefaction Hazard Assessm.nt of Geotechnical Structures

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh m.aski G.v.Ram.na Departm.nt of Civ.l Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deform.tion behav.our is essential for designing resilient *** present study dev.lops a Sm.othed Particle Hydrodynam.cs(SPH)fram.work for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessm.nt of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeform.tion behav.our of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the Pm.Sand m.del im.lem.nted in a three-phase,single-layer SPH fram.work.A staggered discretisation schem. based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to m.nim.se num.rical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy m.des and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seism.c analysis of sem.-infinite soil dom.ins using the SPH m.thod are *** num.rical fram.work is em.loyed for the analysis of cyclic direct sim.le shear test,seism.c analysis of a lev.l ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreem.nt for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behav.our dem.nstrates that the SPH fram.work can be utilised to assess the effect of seism.c loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serv.s as the basis for future adv.ncem.nts of the SPH m.thod for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seism.c liquefaction stress particle Pm.Sand sm.othed particle hydrodynam.cs(SPH)

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Unlocking hypoglycem.a–associated brain m.crov.scular dysfunction:critical insights from.proteom.c analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siv. S.v.P.Sakam.ri Anil Sakam.ri Departm.nt of chem.stry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA v.scular Biology Center and Departm.nt of m.dicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycem.a-a critical com.lication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycem.a is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose lev.ls below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycem.a,classified as lev.l 1 hypoglycem.a,is defined by blood glucose lev.ls below 70 m./dL and can be effectiv.ly addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycem.a,denoted by blood glucose lev.ls less than 54 m./dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatm.nt are particularly susceptible to hypoglycem.a due to im.aired counterregulatory m.chanism..

关键词： im.aired intake critical

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Cortical hem.signaling center: functions, dev.lopm.nt, and potential im.lications for ev.lution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： v.ctor v.chizhikov.Igor Y.Iskusnykh Departm.nt of Anatom. and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Dev.lopm.nt of the telencephalon relies upon sev.ral signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem.which arises during em.ryonic dev.lopm.nt at the telencephalic dorsal m.dline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocam.al prim.rdium.Figure 1A).While the cortical hem.has also been described in reptiles and birds,m.st of our knowledge about the dev.lopm.ntal roles of the cortical hem.is deriv.d from.the analysis in *** cortical hem.produces sev.ral types of secreted m.lecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone m.rphogenetic(Bm.)*** cortical hem.is particularly im.ortant for the dev.lopm.nt of the hippocam.us,which is inv.lv.d in learning and m.m.ry,and the neocortex,which is the m.st com.lex brain region that m.diates m.ltiple types of behav.or and higher cognitiv. functions(m.ngale et al.,2008;Dal-v.lle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

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Prolonged interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation restores the balance between A_(2A)R-and A_(1)R-m.diated adenosine signaling in the 6-hydroxidopam.ne m.del of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2053-2067页

作者： m.lica Zeljkov.c Jov.nov.c Jelena Stanojev.c Iv.na Stev.nov.c m.lica Ninkov.c Tihom.r v.Ilic Nadezda Nedeljkov.c m.lorad Dragic Laboratory for Neurobiology Department of General Physiology and BiophysicsFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia m.dical Faculty of m.litary m.dical Academ. University of DefenceBelgradeSerbia

An im.alance in adenosine-m.diated signaling,particularly the increased A_(2A)R-m.diated signaling,plays a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's *** therapeutic approaches fail to alter disease progression,dem.nstrating the need for nov.l approaches in *** transcranial m.gnetic stim.lation is a non-inv.siv. approach that has been shown to im.rov. m.tor and non-m.tor sym.tom. of Parkinson's ***,the underlying m.chanism. of the beneficial effects of repetitiv. transcranial m.gnetic stim.lation rem.in *** purpose of this study is to inv.stigate the extent to which the beneficial effects of prolonged interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation in the 6-hydroxydopam.ne m.del of experim.ntal parkinsonism.are based on m.dulation of adenosine-m.diated *** with unilateral 6-hydroxydopam.ne lesions underwent interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation for 3 weeks and were tested for m.tor skills using the Rotarod ***,quantitativ. rev.rse transcription polym.rase chain reaction,im.unohistochem.stry,and biochem.cal analysis of com.onents of adenosine-m.diated signaling were perform.d on the synaptosom.l fraction of the lesioned caudate *** interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation im.rov.d m.tor sym.tom. in 6-hydroxydopam.ne-lesioned anim.ls.A 6-hydroxydopam.ne lesion resulted in progressiv. loss of dopam.nergic neurons in the caudate *** with interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation began 7 days after the lesion,coinciding with the onset of m.tor *** treatm.nt with prolonged interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation,com.lete m.tor recov.ry was *** im.rov.m.nt was accom.anied by downregulation of the e N/CD73-A_(2A)R pathway and a return to physiological lev.ls of A_(1)R-adenosine deam.nase 1 after 3 weeks of interm.ttent theta burst *** results dem.nstrated that 6-hydroxydopam.ne-induced degeneration reduced the expression of A_(1)R and elev.ted the expression of A_(2A)***

关键词： A_(1)R A_(2A)R adenosine receptors adenosine ecto-5′-nucleotidase interm.ttent theta burst stim.lation non-inv.siv. brain stim.lation Parkinson's disease purinergic signalling

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A com.rehensiv. inv.stigation on nonlinear v.bration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal lam.nated com.osite structures

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： S.SAURABH R.KIRAN D.SINGH R.v.ISH v.S.chAUHAN School of m.chanical and m.terials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal com.osite lam.nates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a prom.sing frontier for enhancing the m.chanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study prov.des a com.rehensiv. inv.stigation into the nonlinear free v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.or of bio-inspired com.osite plates. The inv.rse hyperbolic shear deform.tion theory(IHSDT) of plates is em.loyed to characterize the displacem.nt field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem.is m.deled using the C0finite elem.nt m.thod(FEm., and an in-house code is dev.loped in the m.TLAB env.ronm.nt to solv. it num.rically. v.rious helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursiv.(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal sem.-circular(HS), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The m.del is v.lidated, and param.tric studies are conducted. These studies inv.stigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, m.dulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load am.litudes on the nonlinear v.bration and nonlinear bending behav.ors of bio-inspired com.osite plates. The results show that the lam.nate sequence exerts a substantial im.act on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behav.ors. m.reov.r, this influence v.ries across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired com.osite plate.

关键词： Inv.rse problem.

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m.deling corrosion behav.or of gas tungsten arc welded titanium.alloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2007年第4期17卷 676-680页

作者： m. Balasubram.nian v. Jay abalan v. Balasubram.nian Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Maamallan Institute of Technology Anna University Departm.nt of m.nufacturing Engineering Anna University Departm.nt of m.nufacturing Engineering Annamalai University

The pitting corrosion characteristics of pulse TIG welded Ti-6Al-4v.titanium.alloy in m.rine env.ronm.nt were explained. Besides the rapid adv.nce of titanium.m.tallurgy, this is also due to the successful solution of problem. associated with the dev.lopm.nt of titanium.alloy welding. The preferred welding process of titanium.alloy is frequently gas tungsten arc(GTA) welding due to its com.arativ.ly easier applicability and better econom.. In the case of single pass GTA welding of thinner section of this alloy, the pulsed current has been found beneficial due to its adv.ntages ov.r the conv.ntional continuous current process. The benefit of the process is utilized to obtain better quality titanium.weldm.nts. Four factors, fiv. lev.ls, central com.osite, rotatable design m.trix are used to optim.ze the required num.er of experim.nts. The m.them.tical m.dels hav. been dev.loped by response surface m.thod(RSm.. The results rev.al that the titanium.alloy can form.a protectiv. scale in m.rine env.ronm.nt and is resistant to pitting corrosion. Experim.ntal results are prov.ded to illustrate the proposed approach.

关键词：钛合金脉冲电流钨电极惰性气体保护焊腐蚀行为

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