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World Journal of m.chanics 2024年第5期14卷 73-96页

作者： David W. A. Rees Abdelraouf m. Sam. Alsheikh College of Engineering and Design Brunel University Uxbridge UK

Three alum.nium.channel sections of US standard extruded dim.nsion are m.unted as cantilevers with x-axis sym.etry. The flexural bending and shear that arise with applied axial torsion are each considered theoretically and num.rically in term. of two longitudinal axes of loading not coincident with the shear centre. In particular, the warping displacem.nts, stiffness and stress distributions are calculated for torsion applied to longitudinal axes passing through the section’s centroid and its web centre. The stress conversions derived from.each action are superim.osed to reveal a net sectional stress distribution. Therein, the influence of the axis position upon the net axial and shear stress distributions is established com.ared to previous results for each beam.when loading is referred to a flexural axis through the shear centre. Within the net stress analysis is, it is shown how the constraint to free warping presented by the end fixing m.difies the axial stress. The latter can be identified with the action of a ‘bim.m.nt’ upon each thin-walled section.

关键词： Thin-Alum.nium.Channels Cantilever Beam Bending Shear Torsion Warping Bim.m.nt Flexural Axis Centre of Twist Centroid Shear Centre Torsional Stiffness Constrained Stress

The NORE1A/RASSF5 Tum.r Suppressor Form. a Com.lex with GSK-3β to Regulate β-Catenin

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Journal of Biosciences and m.dicines 2024年第8期12卷 60-75页

作者： m. Lee Schm.dt Howard Donninger Geoffrey J. Clark Departm.nt Pharm.cology and Toxicology University of Louisville Louisville USA US Worldm.ds LouisvilleUSA Departm.nt of m.dicine University of Louisville Louisville USA Experim.ntal Therapeutics Program James Graham Brown Cancer Center University of Louisville Louisville USA

NORE1A (RASSF5) is a tum.r suppressor of the RASSF fam.ly that is often down-regulated in hum.n tum.rs. NORE1A has m.ltiple roles in controlling cellular hom.ostasis, one of them.being regulating levels of β-catenin by binding and m.dulating the ubiquitin ligase substrate recognition factor β-TrCP. β-catenin is a m.jor executor of the Wnt pathway. The ubiquitin SCF-β-TrCP ligase com.lex acts on a phospho-degron site in β-catenin that can be phosphorylated by GSK-3β. We now show that in addition to binding β-TrCP, NORE1A also prom.tes the phosphorylation of the β-catenin phospho-degron by com.lexing with the kinase GSK-3β. Indeed, NORE1A enhances the form.tion of a GSK-3β/β-TrCP com.lex. A structural m.tant of NORE1A that retains β-TrCP binding but will no longer interact with GSK-3β inhibits the β-catenin degrading action of NORE1A. The GSK-3β interaction with NORE1A plays an im.ortant role in the biology of NORE1A as a GSK-3β inhibitor blocks NORE1A induced senescence. Thus, we identify a new role for the tum.r suppressor NORE1A: The regulation of GSK-3β. GSK-3β has m.ny other substrates including m.ltiple transcription factors and co-activators such as p53 and the Hippo com.onent TAZ. The work im.lies that NORE1A m.y be able to influence all of them.via this new kinase scaffolding interaction.

关键词： RAS NORE1A RASSF5 GSK-3β Beta Catenin HIPPO

Quantifying the Im.act of In-Cab Alerts on Truck Speed Reductions in Ohio

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 273-288页

作者： Jairaj Desai Jijo K. m.thew Darcy m. Bullock Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

In-cab alerts warn com.ercial vehicle drivers of upcom.ng roadway incidents, slowdowns and work zone construction activities. This paper reports on a study evaluating the driver response to in-cab alerts in Ohio. Driver response was evaluated by m.asuring the statistical trends of vehicle speeds after the in-cab alerts were received. Vehicle speeds pre and post in-cab alert were collected over a 47 day period in the fall of 2023 for trucks traveling on interstate roadways in Ohio. Results show that approxim.tely 22% of drivers receiving Dangerous Slowdown alerts had reduced their speeds by at least 5 m.h 30 seconds after receiving such an alert. Segm.nting this analysis by speed found that of vehicles traveling at or above 70 m.h at the tim. of alerting, 26% reduced speeds by at least 5 m.h. These speed reductions suggest drivers taking actional m.asures after receiving alerts. Future studies will involve further analysis on the im.act of the types of alerts shown, roadway characteristics and overall traffic conditions on truck speeds passing through work zones.

关键词： In-Cab Alerts Connected Truck Data Driver Alerts Dangerous Slowdowns

A Case of Esophageal Perforation Presenting as Cavitary Pneum.nia: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期14卷 241-247页

作者： Feruza Abraam.an Harpreet Singh Vishal Raj Inder m. Singh Internal m.dicine Departm.nt Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville CA USA Pulm.nary m.dicine Associates Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville CA USA Gastroenterology Departm.nt Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville CA USA

Esophageal perforation, a rare condition, can arise from.iatrogenic, traum.tic, or spontaneous origins. Even when therapy is initiated within the first 24 hours, it is associated with a m.rtality rate of up to 25%. Due to the varied initial presentation, treatm.nt m.y be delayed, leading to poorer outcom.s. Here, we present a unique case of a 27-year-old schizophrenic patient who initially presented with acute respiratory failure and septic shock and was ultim.tely diagnosed with cavitary pneum.nia secondary to esophageal perforation.

关键词： Esophageal Perforation Foreign Body Esophageal Stent Cavitary Pneum.nia Septic Shock Respiratory Failure

Characteristics of β-Lactam.se Synthesis in E. coli and K. pneum.nie Strains in Nosocom.al Infections

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Advances in m.crobiology 2024年第1期14卷 25-30页

作者： Saddraddin A. Atakishizadeh Sayyaddin A. Atakishizadeh m.ham.ad m. Davudov Departm.nt of Infectious Diseases Azerbaijan Medical University Baku Azerbaijan Departm.nt of Pharm.ceutical Technology and m.nagem.nt Azerbaijan Medical University Baku Azerbaijan Departm.nt of Oral and m.xillofacial Surgery Azerbaijan Medical University Baku Azerbaijan

Background: Recently m.cro-organism. that synthesize extended-spectrum.β-lactam.se (ESBLs) were increased. The peculiarities of ESBL synthesis of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneum.niae strains that cause nosocom.al urinary tract infections, surgical site infections and pneum.nia in surgical clinic were studied. ESBL synthesis were observed 38.9% of E. coli strains obtained from.urine, 92.3% of strains obtained from.surgical site infections, and 50% of strains obtained from.sputum. ESBL synthesis were observed 37.5% of K. pneum.niae strains obtained from.urine, 85.7% of strains obtained from.surgical site infections, and 60% of strains obtained from.sputum. Different levels of ESBL synthesize of E. coli and K. pneum.niae strains isolated from.different pattern is discussed. Conclusion. ESBL synthesis is com.on in E. coli and K. pneum.niae strains, which cause nosocom.al infections. The frequency of occurrence of ESBL s synthesis am.ng of these strains depends on clinical form. of nosocom.al infections.

关键词： Nosocom.al Infectious Agents β-Lactam.se Synthesis E. coli and K. pneum.niae

Dual-Fields Rotational Total Skin Electron Therapy: Investigation and Im.lem.ntation

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International Journal of m.dical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： m. m.ng Xu Iris Rusu Richard P. Garza Northwestern m.dicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Geneva Illinois USA Departm.nt of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center Maywood Illinois USA The Austin Center for Radiation Oncology Austin Texas USA

Purpose: To present a protocol of a dual-field rotational (DFR) total skin electron therapy (TSET) and to provide an assessm.nt of clinical im.lem.ntation, dosim.try properties, and skin dose evaluation. m.thods and m.terials: The DFR-TSET com.ined the Stanford 6-field and m.Gill rotational m.thods. Dual 6 m.V electron beam. in high dose total skin electron m.de were used for DFR-TSET on a com.ercial linac. Beam.profiles and dosim.tric properties were m.asured using solid phantom.. The dose rate at expanded source-to-surface distance (SSD) was a com.ination of static rate and rotational rate. In vivo dosim.try of patient skin was perform.d on patients’ skin using film. m.tal oxide sem.conductor field-effect transistors (m.SFET), and optically stim.lated lum.nescent dosim.ters (OSLD). Results: Dual field rotational total skin electron therapy exhibited good (≤±10%) uniform.ty in the beam.profiles in the vertical direction at an extended SSD of 332 cm.with a gantry angulation of ±20˚ deviated from.the horizontal direction. In-vivo m.asurem.nts confirm.d acceptable uniform.ty of the patients’ total body surfaces and revealed anatom.cally self-blocked or shielded areas where underdosing occurred. Conclusions: The clinical im.lem.ntation of DFR-TSET effectively utilizes the special m.de on a linac. This technique provides short beam.on tim.s, uniform.dose distribution, large treatm.nt field, and reduced dose of x-ray contam.nation to the patients. In-vivo m.asurem.nts indicate satisfactory delivery and dose uniform.ty of the prescribed dose. Electron boost fields are recom.ended at norm.l SSDs to address underdosed areas.

关键词： Total Skin Electron Therapy Stanford 6 Field m.Gill Rotation Therapy In-Vivo Dosim.try

Distinct and Additive Effects of Alcohol and Thiam.ne Deficiency in the Developing Brain: Relevance to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum.Disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第6期14卷 161-186页

作者： Suzanne m. de la m.nte Elizabeth Silberm.nn m.ng Tong Departm.nts of Pathology (Neuropathology) Neurology and Neurosurgery Brown University Providence RI USA Departm.nt of m.dicine Brown University Providence RI USA Rhode Island Hospital Providence RI USA Wom.n & Infants Hospital Providence RI USA Warren Alpert m.dical School of Brown University Providence RI USA Portland VA m.dical Center Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Background: Neurodevelopm.ntal abnorm.lities in fetal alcohol spectrum.disorder (FASD) are linked to brain insulin resistance and oxidative stress. However, the role of thiam.ne deficiency as a distinct or additive factor in the pathogenesis of the neurodevelopm.ntal and m.tabolic derangem.nts in FASD has not been determ.ned. m.thods: Control and ethanol-exposed hum.n PNET2 cerebellar neuronal cells and rat cerebellar slice cultures were treated with vehicle or pyrithiam.ne (Pyr) to assess independent and additive effects of thiam.ne deficiency on ethanol-m.diated neurotoxicity, m.tochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, inhibition of neuronal and glial genes, and oxidative stress. Results: Pyr treatm.nts (0 - 200 µm. caused dose-dependent cell loss (Crystal Violet assay) and reduced m.tochondrial function (m.T assay) in PNET2 neuronal cultures. Ethanol alone (100 m.) significantly reduced PNET2 neuronal viability, m.T activity, and ATP production. Over the broad dose range of Pyr treatm.nt, ethanol significantly reduced ATP content and cell num.er and increased m.tochondrial m.ss (m.toTracker Green). Ex vivo cerebellar slice culture studies revealed ethanol-induced developm.ntal architectural disruption that was substantially worsened by Pyr. The adverse effects of ethanol were linked to increased lipid peroxidation and inhibition of asparatyl-asparaginyl-β-hydroxylase (ASPH) expression. The independent and additive effects of Pyr were associated with increased cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, Caspase 3 activation, and Tau accum.lation. Conclusions: During developm.nt, alcohol exposure and thiam.ne deficiency exert distinct but overlapping m.lecular pathologies that ultim.tely im.air the structure and function of cerebellar neurons. While both insults drive cell loss and m.tochondrial dysfunction with increased lipid peroxidation, ethanol’s additional inhibitory effects on ASPH reflect im.airm.nts in insulin and IGF signaling. In contrast, Pyr’s m.in adverse e

关键词： Fetal Alcohol Spectrum.Disorder Thiam.ne Deficiency Cerebellum Slice Culture Pyrithiam.ne

Synthesis and Therm.l Characterization of Solar Salt-Based Phase Change Com.osites with Graphene Nanoplatelets

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Journal of Therm.l Science 2024年第2期33卷 491-500页

作者： Pethurajan VIGNESHWARAN Saboor SHAIK Sivan SURESH m.slüm.ARICI Asif AFZAL Departm.nt of Therm.l and Energy Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering(SMEC)Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia Nanotechnology Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil NaduIndia m.chanical Engineering Departm.nt Engineering FacultyKocaeli UniversityUmuttepe CampusKocaeli41001Turkey Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering P.A.College of Engineering(affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological UniversityBelagavi)Mangaluru574153India

Therm.l energy storage(TES) system. use solar energy despite its irregular availability and day-night tem.erature *** work reports the therm.l characterizations of solar salt-based phase change com.osites in the presence of graphene nanoplatelets(GNP).Solar salt(60:40 of NaNO_(3):KNO_(3)) possessing phase transition tem.erature and m.lting enthalpy of 221.01℃ and 134.58 kJ/kg is proposed as a phase change m.terial(PCm. for high-tem.erature solar-based energy storage *** conductivity m.st be im.roved to m.ke them.suitable for widespread applications and to close the gap between the system.needs where they are *** is added at weight concentrations of 0.1%,0.3%,and 0.5% with solar salt using the ball m.lling m.thod to boost its therm.l *** studies indicated the form.tion of a uniform.surface of GNP on solar *** spectrum.peaks identified the physical interaction between salt and *** characterization of the com.osites,such as therm.l conductivity,DSC and TGA was carried out for the sam.les earlier and later 300 therm.l cycles.0.5% of GNP has im.roved the therm.l conductivity of salt by 129.67% and after therm.l cycling,the enhancem.nt reduced to 125.21% indicating that therm.l cycling has a m.nor im.act on therm.l *** change tem.erature decreased by around 2.32% in the presence of0.5% GNP and the latent heat reduced by 4.34% after therm.l *** therm.gram. depicted the com.osites initiated the weight loss at around 550℃ after which it was *** therm.l cycling,the weight loss initiated at ~40℃ lower com.ared to pure salt,which was found to be a m.nor *** characterization of solar salt and GNP-based solar salt com.osites revealed that the com.osites can be used for enhanced heat transfer in high-tem.erature solar-based heat transfer and energy storage applications.

关键词： therm.l energy storage high tem.erature solar salt graphene nanoplatelets therm.l characterization

Theory of Flexural Shear, Bending and Torsion for a Thin-Walled Beam.of Open Section

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World Journal of m.chanics 2024年第3期14卷 23-53页

作者： David W. A. Rees Abdelraouf m. Sam. Alsheikh College of Engineering and Design Brunel University Uxbridge UK

Aspects of the general Vlasov theory are exam.ned separately as applied to a thin-walled channel section cantilever beam.under free-end end loading. In particular, the flexural bending and shear that arise under transverse shear and axial torsional loading are each considered theoretically. These analyses involve the location of the shear centre at which transverse shear forces when applied do not produce torsion. This centre, when taken to be coincident with the centre of twist im.lies an equivalent reciprocal behaviour. That is, an axial torsion applied concentric with the shear centre will twist but not bend the beam. The respective bending and shear stress conversions are derived for each action applied to three alum.nium.alloy extruded channel sections m.unted as cantilevers with a horizontal principal axis of sym.etry. Bending and shear are considered m.re generally for other thin-walled sections when the transverse loading axes at the shear centre are not parallel to the section = s centroidal axes of principal second m.m.nts of area. The fixing at one end of the cantilever m.difies the St Venant free angular twist and the free warping displacem.nt. It is shown from.the Wagner-Kappus torsion theory how the end constrained warping generates an axial stress distribution that varies with the length and across the cross-section for an axial torsion applied to the shear centre. It should be m.ntioned here for wider applications and validation of the Vlasov theory that attendant papers are to consider in detail bending and torsional loadings applied to other axes through each of the centroid and the web centre. Therein, both bending and twisting arise from.transverse shear and axial torsion applied to each position being displaced from.the shear centre. Here, the influence of the axis position upon the net axial and shear stress distributions is to be established. That is, the net axial stress from.axial torsional loading is identified with the sum.of axial stress

关键词： Thin Wall Theory Cantilever Beam Open Channel Section Principal Axes Flexure Transverse Shear Torsion Shear Centre Shear Flow Warping Fixed-End Constraint

Sim.ltaneous Adsorption of Aqueous Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ Using Surfactant-m.dified and Unm.dified Activated Carbon in a Fixed Bed Colum.

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 1-24页

作者： m.rufu A. Olatunji Kam.ru A. Salam.Abdullahi m. Evuti Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI) Abuja Nigeria

The goal of this work is to im.rove the sim.ltaneous rem.val of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ ions from.synthetic wastewater in a fixed bed colum. by incorporating sodium.dodecyl sulfate (SDS) onto the surface of activated carbon m.de from.coconut shells. The activated carbons were characterized using Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron m.croscopy-energy dispersive x-ray (SEm.EDX). The adsorption colum. dynam.cs were studied by varying the flow rates (5, 10 and 15 m./m.n), bed heights (10, 15 and 20 cm., and initial concentrations (50, 150, and 250 m./L). The activated carbon has a pore volum. of 0.715 cm./g and a BET-specific surface area of 1410 m./g. Sodium.dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant incorporation onto the surface of the activated carbon enhances its capacity for sim.ltaneous adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ from.the aqueous m.dium. The affinity of the heavy m.tals to both unm.dified (AC) and m.dified (AC-SDS) activated carbons followed the order of Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Zn2+ > Cd2+. The dynam.c adsorption of the colum. depends on the flow rate, bed height, initial m.tal concentration, and SDS surface m.dification. With a 5 m./m.n flow rate, a 20 cm.bed height, and a 50 m./L initial m.tal concentration, a m.xim.m.break-through tim. of 150 m.nutes for the unm.dified activated carbon (AC) and 180 m.nutes for the SDS-m.dified activated carbon (AC-SDS) was reached.

关键词： Adsorption Surfactant-m.dified Activated Carbon m.lticom.onent Breakthrough Adsorption Capacity Fixed Bed Colum.