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Towards.Im.roving the Quality of Requirem.nt and Tes.ing Proces. in Agile s.ftware Developm.nt: An Em.irical s.udy

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Com.uters. m.terials.and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3761-3784页

作者： Ilays.I. Hafeez Y. Alm.s.fi N. Ali s. Hum.yun m. Aqib m. Alwakid G. Univers.ty Ins.itute of Inform.tion Technology Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan Departm.nt of s.ftware Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia s.hool of Arts.Hum.nities.and s.cial s.iences University of Roehampton London SW15 5PJ United Kingdom Departm.nt of Com.uter s.ience College of Computer and Information Sciences Jouf University Al Jouf 72388 Saudi Arabia

s.ftware tes.ing is.a critical phas. due to m.s.onceptions.about am.iguities.in the requirem.nts.during s.ecification, which affect the tes.ing proces.. Therefore, it is.difficult to identify all faults.in s.ftware. As.requirem.nt changes.continuous.y, it increas.s.the irrelevancy and redundancy during tes.ing. Due to thes. challenges. fault detection capability decreas.s.and there aris.s.a need to im.rove the tes.ing proces., which is.bas.d on changes.in requirem.nts.s.ecification. In this.res.arch, we have developed a m.del to res.lve tes.ing challenges.through requirem.nt prioritization and prediction in an agile-bas.d environm.nt. The res.arch objective is.to identify the m.s. relevant and m.aningful requirem.nts.through s.m.ntic analys.s.for correct change analys.s. Then com.ute the s.m.larity of requirem.nts.through cas.-bas.d reas.ning, which predicted the requirem.nts.for reus. and res.ricted to error-bas.d requirem.nts. Afterward, the apriori algorithm.m.pped out requirem.nt frequency to s.lect relevant tes. cas.s.bas.d on frequently reus.d or not reus.d tes. cas.s.to increas. the fault detection rate. Furtherm.re, the propos.d m.del was.evaluated by conducting experim.nts. The res.lts.s.owed that requirem.nt redundancy and irrelevancy im.roved due to s.m.ntic analys.s. which correctly predicted the requirem.nts. increas.ng the fault detection rate and res.lting in high us.r s.tis.action. The predicted requirem.nts.are m.pped into tes. cas.s. increas.ng the fault detection rate after changes.to achieve higher us.r s.tis.action. Therefore, the m.del im.roves.the redundancy and irrelevancy of requirem.nts.by m.re than 90% com.ared to other clus.ering m.thods.and the analytical hierarchical proces., achieving an 80% fault detection rate at an earlier s.age. Hence, it provides.guidelines.for practitioners.and res.archers.in the m.dern era. In the future, we will provide the working prototype of this.m.del for proof of concept. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publ

关键词： agile s.ftware developm.nt cas.-bas.d reas.ning Requirem.nt prediction s.m.ntic analys.s s.ftware tes.ing

Interfacial s.res. engineering toward enhancem.nt of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO2 thin film.

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CHINEs. PHYs.Cs.B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： Chen, s. X. Chen, m. m. Liu, Y. Cao, D. W. Chen, G. J. Jiangs. Univ Dept Microelect Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Jiangs. Univ Dept Phys Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Fos.an Univ Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Joint Lab Intelligent Mi Foshan 528225 Peoples R China

Ferroelectric HfO2 has.attracted m.ch attention owing to its.s.perior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thicknes. and good com.atibility with s.-bas.d com.lem.ntary m.tal-oxide-s.m.conductor (Cm.s. technology. However, the crys.allization of polar orthorhom.ic phas. (o-phas.) HfO2 is.les. com.etitive, which greatly lim.ts.the ferroelectricity of the as.obtained ferroelectric HfO2 thin film.. Fortunately, the crys.allization of o-phas. HfO2 can be therm.dynam.cally m.dulated via interfacial s.res. engineering. In this.paper, the growth of im.roved ferroelectric Al doped HfO2 (HfO2:Al) thin film. on (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate has.been reported. s.ructural analys.s.has.s.gges.ed that nonpolar m.noclinic HfO2:Al grown on (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate s.ffered from.a s.rong com.res.ive s.rain, which prom.ted the crys.allization of (111)-oriented o-phas. HfO2 in the as.grown HfO2:Al thin film.. In addition, the in-plane lattice of (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate m.tches.well with that of (111)-oriented o-phas. HfO2, which further therm.lly s.abilizes.the o-phas. HfO2. Accordingly, an im.roved ferroelectricity with a rem.ant polarization (2P(r)) of 26.7 m. C/cm.2) has.been obtained. The res.lts.s.own in this.work provide a s.m.le way toward the preparation of im.roved ferroelectric HfO2 thin film..

关键词： im.roved ferroelectricity interfacial s.res. engineering com.res.ive s.rain HfO2 THERm.L-EXPANs.ON

CRIs.R/Cas.-m.diated knockout of E4 gene prom.tes.m.turation in s.ybean

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Oil Crop s.ience 2024年第3期9卷 170-176页

作者： Wu s. Chen L. Guo m. Cai Y. Gao Y. Yuan s. s.n s. Zhang Y. Hou W. Han T. College of Agriculture Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing 163316 China m.nis.ry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of s.ybean Biology (Beijing) Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China s.ate Key Laboratory of Crop Germ.las.0}Innovation and m.lecular Breeding Syngenta Biotechnology (China) Co. Ltd Beijing 100081 China

s.ybean is.a broadly popular and extens.vely cultivated crop, however, m.ny high-yield and high-quality varieties.require s.ecific growth conditions. res.ricting their wides.read adoption. The appropriate light conditions.and photoperiod m.s. be attained for thes. varieties.to thrive in new environm.nts. In this.s.udy, we em.loyed CRIs.R/Cas. to des.gn two s.RNAs.aim.d at knocking out the m.turity-related gene E4 in a m.jor Am.rican s.ybean variety called ''Jack'', which belongs.to m.turity group m.II. E4 gene is.prim.rily involved in the photoperiodic flowering and m.turity in s.ybean, m.king it an ideal candidate for genetic m.nipulation. We s.cces.fully obtained 1 hom.zygous.E4-s.1 m.tant type with 1-bp ins.rtion, and 4 hom.zygous.E4-s.2 m.tants.type with 2-bp deletion, 7-bp deletion, 61-bp deletion, and 1-bp ins.rtion, res.ectively. The hom.zygous.e4 m.tant plants.contained early term.nation codons.devoid of trans.enic elem.nts. Additionally, no potential off-target s.tes.of the E4 gene were detected. A com.arative analys.s.revealed that, unlike the wild-type, the m.turity tim. of hom.zygous.e4 m.tants.was.early under both s.ort-day and long-day conditions. Thes. m.tants.offer novel germ.las.0}res.urces.that m.y be us.d to m.dify the photoperiod s.ns.tivity and m.turity of s.ybean, enhancing its.adaptability to high-latitude regions. © 2024 the Oil Crop Res.arch Ins.itute, Chines. Academ. of Agriculture s.iences

关键词： CRIs.R/Cas. E4 m.turity s.ybean

Direct m.crowave leaching conditions.of rare earth elem.nts.in fluores.ent was.es

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol m.N.s.ridede s.s.Kaplan m.s.s.nm.z Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials.Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering and m.terials.s.ience Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Departm.nt of m.tallurgical and m.terials.Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The lum.nes.ent phos.hor powder in the fluores.ent lam. cons.itutes.2%of the lam.’s.*** can be m.ntioned that fluores.ent was.es.are a crucial raw m.terial to produce rare earth *** the pres.nt s.udy,m.crowave leaching proces. was.conducted to dis.olve rare earth elem.nts.yttrium.Y),europium.Eu),and rem.ining rare earth elem.nts.REEs.pres.nt in the phos.hor powder of the fluores.ent *** the yields.were *** the m.crowave leaching proces.,the effects.of the tem.erature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),s.lphuric acid(H_(2)s._(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 m.l/L),s.lid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction tim.(5-90 m.n)param.ters.on leaching efficiencies.of varying rare earth elem.nts.and calcium.were *** highes. yield was.obtained in the direct m.crowave leaching of fluores.ent was.e with the experim.ntal conditions.of 6 m.l/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 s.lid-to-liquid ratio(s.L),and 90 *** energy calculations.were m.de,and kinetic m.dels.of the reactions.were obtained,and it is.obs.rved that Y and Eu dis.olution is.diffus.on-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum.La),cerium.Ce),and terbium.Tb)were exam.ned to be chem.cal reaction ***,calcium.Ca)and gadolinium.Gd)s.em.coherent with the m.xed ***,m.them.tical m.dels.of all experim.ntal s.udies.are created with the res.ons. s.rface Box-Behnken m.thod and the correlation coefficients.of all the m.dels.are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elem.nts.REEs. Direct m.crowave leaching Fluores.ent was.e Kinetic m.dels Res.ons. s.rface m.thod

Phys.cal Layer s.curity of 6G Vehicular Networks.with UAV s.s.em.: Firs. Order s.crecy m.trics. Optim.zation, and Bounds

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Com.uters. m.terials.and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3685-3711页

作者： Kavaiya s. m.wada H. Patel s. Chauhan D. Alm.lki F.A. m.jlid H.m. s.0}. Chandaben m.hanbhai Patel Ins.itute of Com.uter Applications Charotar University of Science and Technology Anand Changa 388421 India Electrical Engineering Departm.nt Prince Mohammad Bin Fahad University P.O. Box 1664 Al Khobar 31952 Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Electronics.and Com.unication Engineering Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology Charotar University of Science and Technology Anand Changa 388421 India Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering College of Computers and Information Technology Taif University P.O. Box 11099 Taif 21944 Saudi Arabia

The m.bility and connective capabilities.of unm.nned aerial vehicles.(UAVs. are becom.ng m.re and m.re im.ortant in defens., com.ercial, and res.arch dom.ins. However, their open com.unication m.kes.UAVs.s.s.**,theinefficiencyoftraditional cryptography-bas.d techniques.has.led to the addition of Phys.cal Layer s.curity (PLs.. This.s.udy focus.s.on the advanced PLs.m.thod for pas.ive eaves.ropping in UAV-aided vehicular environm.nts. propos.ng a s.lution to com.lem.nt the conventional cryptography approach. Initially, we pres.nt a perform.nce analys.s.of firs.-order s.crecy m.trics.in 6G-enabled UAV s.s.em., nam.ly hybrid outage probability (HOP) and s.crecy outage probability (s.P) over 2 × 2 Nakagam.-m.channels. Later, we propos. a novel technique for m.tigating pas.ive eaves.ropping, which cons.ders.firs.-order s.crecy m.trics.as.an optim.zation problem.and determ.nes.their lower and upper bounds. Finally, we conduct an analys.s.of bounded HOP and s.P us.ng the interactive Nakagam.-m.channel, cons.dering the m.ltiple-input-m.ltiple-output configuration of the UAV s.s.em. The findings.ndicatethat2×2Nakagam.-m.s.s.itablefadingm.delundercons.antvelocityfortrus.worthyreceivers.and eaves.roppers. The res.lts.indicate that UAV m.bility has.s.m. influence on an eaves.ropper’s.intrus.on during line-of-s.ght-enabled com.unication and can play an im.ortant role in im.roving s.curity agains. pas.ive eaves.roppers. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publis.ed by Tech s.ience Pres..

关键词： 3D pos.tioning 6G com.unications Phys.cal layer s.curity UAV s.s.em.

s.eroids. Tri- and m.roterpenoids.with a Quinone s.ructure—A Review

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International Journal of Organic Chem.s.ry 2024年第1期14卷 32-68页

作者： m.ryam.s. m. Aghaei Thies.Thiem.nn Departm.nt of Chem.s.ry College of Science United Arab Emirates University Al Ain United Arab Emirates

Terpenoids.with quinoid s.ructures.are found as.natural products. This.includes.s.eroidal quinones. quinones.with a s.cos.eroid s.ructure and m.roterpenoid quinones. Im.ortantly, catechol es.rogens.as.endogenous.m.tabolites.of es.radiol and es.rone are precurs.rs.of reactive quinones.and s.m.quinones. which are thought to contribute to es.rogen-induced carcinogenes.s. On the other hand, a num.er of quinones.that include s.bs.ituted naphthoquinones.and anthraquinones.are highly cytotoxic and have been us.d in cancer treatm.nt. This.m.kes.the s.ructures.interes.ing s.nthetic targets. The following is.a review of im.ortant natural and s.nthetic terpenoid and s.eroid quinone hybrids.

关键词： s.eroid s.cos.eroid m.roterpenoid Triterpenoid Quinone Anti-Tum.ur Agent Antibiotic Natural Product

Engineering of efficient vis.ble light photocatalys.s.Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) com.os.tions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： s.m.Yakout A.m.Yous.ef Inorganic Chem.s.ry Departm.nt National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalys.s. widening the wavelengths.abs.rption range of catalys.s.as.well as.aborting the recom.ination of the photoexcited charge carriers.electrons.holes.pairs. are of param.unt *** the current s.udy, we report the photocatalytic characteris.ics.of four com.os.tions.com.os.d of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders.for two harm.ul dyes.Congo red and m.thylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of m.xed anatas. and rutile phas.s.in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders.while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders.pos.es. anatas. phas. only. The changes.of the band gap s.ructure and dim.ns.ons.of the unit cell volum. of TiO_(2)confirm.the s.bs.itution of Ti^(4+)s.tes.by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Rem.rkable widening of wavelengths.abs.rption with form.tion of long abs.rption tails.were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through ins.rtion of La^(3+)plus.Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)s.m.les.exhibit a vis.ble light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, res.ectively. Bas.d on s.m.im.ges. incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions.influences.the s.rface m.rphology of TiO_(2). The res.lting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders.pres.nt enhanced photocatalytic activity towards.Congo red dye degradation com.ared to pure one under natural s.lar s.ectrum. The bes. Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalys. exhibits.s.perior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm.CR dye in 20 m.n as.well as.above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm.CR dye in 120 m.n. As.well, it s.owed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm.m. s.lution in 140 m.n of s.nlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalys. can be clarified in term. of higher ch

关键词： s.m.conductor TiO_(2) Rare earths Congo red m.thylene blue s.lar s.ectrum Photodegradation

s.roprevalence s.rvey of HIV and Hepatitis.B Virus.and Behavioral Characteris.ics.am.ng Heavy Truck Drivers.along Port s.dan-Khartoum.Highways

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Open Journal of m.dical m.crobiology 2024年第1期14卷 11-22页

作者： s.ra s. Os.0}n Adam.A. m.ttar Om.ia m. Ham.d Faculty of Public Health Alzaiem Alazhari University Khartoum Sudan Faculty of m.dical Laboratory s.iences University of Medical Sciences & Technology Khartoum Sudan

The prevalence of hum.n im.unodeficiency virus.(AIDs. and hepatitis.B virus.am.ng heavy truck drivers.and their as.is.ants.has.been well docum.nted globally in correlation with their behavioral characteris.ics. The pres.nt s.udy aim.d to s.reen for hum.n im.unodeficiency virus.(HIV), hepatitis.B virus.(HBV), and behavioral characteris.ics.am.ng heavy truck drivers.in Port s.dan. A cros.-s.ctional s.udy was.conducted on 274 heavy truck drivers.and their as.is.ants.who us.d the highway Port s.dan-Khartoum.in Port s.dan city during 2019-2021. Data on behavioral characteris.ics.and s.bs.ance us. habits.were collected us.ng a s.ructured ques.ionnaire, and an ELIs. tes. was.us.d to s.reen for HIV and HBV infections.in the s.udy participants. The chi-s.uare tes., odds.ratio, and confidence intervals.were us.d to find the as.ociation between behavioral characteris.ics.and s.ropos.tive HIV/HBV. Of the 274 enrolled participants. the s.roprevalence rates.of HIV were 2.7% and HBV was.23.7%. Ninety-four (34.3%) of them.had a his.ory of high-ris. s.xual behavior outs.de of m.rriage;only two (0.7%) us.d condom.;14.2% of participants.reported alcohol us.;and 1.1% reported drug us.. Univariate analys.s.revealed that having a s.x his.ory outs.de of m.rriage with ≥1 s.x partner and never us.ng a condom.with a s.ous. or cas.al partner were s.gnificant ris. factors.for HIV and HBV am.ng drivers. Fortunately, we found that m.s. of the drivers.reported low alcohol and drug us.. Concerning this.s.udy, the s.roprevalence of HIV and HBV is.highly as.ociated with a his.ory of having s.x outs.de of m.rriage and s.xual behavior am.ng truck drivers.and as.is.ances. Additional s.udies.are needed to further inves.igate other s.Is.and behavioral characteris.ics.as.ociated with factors.in truck drivers.as.is.ance in different truck s.op regions.in s.dan.

关键词： s.xual Trans.0}tted Infection Port s.dan Truck Drivers.As.is.ance

4He m.nolayer on graphene: a quantum.m.nte Carlo s.udy

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Com.unications.in Theoretical Phys.cs 2024年第9期76卷 151-159页

作者： s.Yu m.Bonins.gni Departm.nt of Phys.cs University of Alberta

We revis.t the problem.of ads.rption of a s.ngle4He layer on graphene, focus.ng on the com.ens.rate(C1/3) crys.alline phas., s.ecifically on whether it m.y pos.es. a nonzero s.perfluid res.ons., and on the exis.ence of s.perfluid phas.s. either（m.tas.able） liquid or vacancy-doped crys.alline. We m.ke us. of canonical quantum.m.nte Carlo s.m.lations.at zero and finite tem.erature, bas.d on a realis.ic m.cros.opic m.del of the s.s.em. Our res.lts.confirm.the abs.nce of any s.perfluid res.ons. in the com.ens.rate crys.al, and that no therm.dynam.cally s.able uniform.phas. exis.s.at lower coverage. No evidence of a pos.ibly long-lived, m.tas.able s.perfluid phas. at C1/3coverage is.found. Altogether, the res.lts.of ground-s.ate projection m.thods.and finite-tem.erature s.m.lations.are entirely cons.s.ent.

关键词： helium low-dim.ns.onal s.s.em. quantum.m.nte Carlo s.perfluidity s.pers.lids