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Em.rging role of galectin 3 in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： Brian m.Lozinski Khanh ta Yifei Dong Depa.tm.nt of Clinical Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparm.nt of Biochem.stry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration are key processes that m.diate the developm.nt and progression of neurological ***,the m.chanism. m.dulating these processes in different diseases rem.in incom.letely *** in single cell based m.lti-om.c analyses have helped to identify distinct m.lecular signatures such as Lgals3 that is associated with neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system.CNS).Lgals3 encodes galectin-3(Gal3),aβ-gala.toside and glycan binding glycoprotein that is frequently upregulated by rea.tive m.croglia/m.crophages in the CNS during various neurological *** Gal3 has previously been associated with non-CNS inflam.atory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highlight Gal3 as a prom.nent regulator of inflam.ation and neuroaxonal dam.ge in the CNS during diseases such as m.ltiple sclerosis,Alzheim.r’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we sum.arize the pleiotropic functions of Gal3 and discuss evidence that dem.nstrates its detrim.ntal role in neuroinflam.ation and neurodegeneration during different neurological *** also consider the challenges of translating preclinical observations into targeting Gal3 in the hum.n CNS.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s disease Galectin 3 m.croglia m.ltiple sclerosis neurodegeneration neuroinflam.ation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

Distribution, hea.th and ecological risk assessm.nts of trace elem.nts in Nigerian oil sands

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a.ta Geochim.ca 2024年第1期43卷 59-71页

作者： Odunayo t.Ore Festus m.Adebiyi Depa.tm.nt of Chem.stry Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220005Nigeria Depa.tm.nt of Chem.cal Sciences Achievers UniversityOwoNigeria

the Nigerian oil sands represent the largest oil sand deposit in Africa, yet there is little published inform.tion on the distribution and potential hea.th and ecological risks of trace elem.nts in the oil resource. In the present study, we investigated the distribution pa.tern of 18trace elem.nts(including biophile and chalcophile elem.nts) as well as the estim.ted risks associated with exposure to these elem.nts. the results of the study indicated that Fe was the m.st abunda.t elem.nt, with a m.an concentration of 22,131 m./kg while Br had the lowest m.an concentration of 48 m./kg. the high occurrence of Fe and ti suggested a possible occurrence of ilm.nite(Fe tiO_(3)) in the oil sands. Source apportionm.nt using positive m.trix fa.torization showed that the possible sources of detected elem.nts in the oil sands were geogenic, m.tal production, and crustal. the contam.nation fa.tor, geo-accum.lation index, m.dified degree of contam.nation, pollution load index, and Nem.row pollution index indicated that the oil sands are heavily polluted by the elem.nts. Hea.th risk assessm.nt showed that children were relatively m.re susceptible to the potentially toxic elem.nts in the oil sands principally via ingestion exposure route(HQ > 1E-04). Cancer risks from.inhalation are unlikely due to CR t ingestion and derm.l conta.t pose severe risks(CR > 1E-04). the high concentrations of the elem.nts pose serious threats due to the potential for atm.spheric transport, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability.

关键词： Biophile Chalcophile Oil sand Risk assessm.nt trace elem.nt

QCD sum.rule study of J^(P)=1^(±)exotic states with two heavy quarks in the m.lecular picture

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 31-37页

作者： t.m.Aliev S.Bilm.s m.Savcı Depa.tm.nt of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey tUBItaK ULAKBIm Ankara06510Turkey

In this study,the spectroscopic param.ters of exotic m.lecular states com.osed of m.sons containing two heavy quarks(scalar-axial and pseudoscalar-axial m.son com.inations)are investigated within the QCD sum.*** findings reveal that m.lecular states containing charm.quarks do not form.bound states,whereas states with b-quarks can form.exotic m.lecular *** observation has significa.t im.lications for understanding the structure of these exotic states.

关键词： QCD sum.rules exotic m.sons m.lecular states

Analysis of strong decays of SU(3)pa.tners ofΩ(2012)baryon

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 34-41页

作者： t.m.Aliev S.Bilm.s m.Savci Depa.tm.nt of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey tUBItaK ULAKBIm Ankara 06510Turkey

We estim.te the coupling consta.ts and decay widths of the SU(3)pa.tners of theΩ(2012)hyperon,as discovered by the BELLE Collaboration,using the distribution am.litudes of the octet baryons within the light cone sum.rules *** study includes a com.arison of the obtained results for the releva.t decay widths with those derived within the fram.work of the flavor SU(3)*** observe a good agreem.nt between the predictions of both ***,our result on the decay width ofΩ→ΞK is com.atible with the existing experim.ntal result within the uncertainties of the m.del *** results can provide helpful insights for determ.ning the nature of the SU(3)pa.tners of theΩ(2012)baryon.

关键词： coupling consta.ts light cone sum.rule hyperon

Late Ordovician m.ss Extinction: Ea.th, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David a.t.Harper Palaeoecosystem. Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician m.ss Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of m.tazoan life. two phases have been identified near the sta.t of the Hirna.tian period and in the m.ddle. It was a m.ssive taxonom.c extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a m.jor ice age that reduced the tem.erature of surface waters, prom.ted a drop in sea level of som. 100 m.and introduced toxic bottom.waters onto the shelves. these sym.tom. of m.re fundam.ntal planetary processes have been associated with a range of fa.tors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, m.y have extended back in tim. to at lea.t the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were m.re protra.ted and influential than hitherto docum.nted.

关键词： Ordovician LOm. paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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美国页岩油气地质特征及勘探开发进展

石油勘探与开发 2024年第4期51卷 807-828页

作者： m.m.HON t P LARSON t E ZHANG t SHUStER m 美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校杰克逊地质科学学院经济地质局奥斯汀78758-4445德克萨斯州美国

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比... 详细信息

基于美国页岩油气勘探开发历程的回顾,对主要页岩盆地的地质演化、主要页岩层系的油气地质特征及勘探开发进展进行系统梳理和总结。美国重要页岩盆地的富烃页岩主要发育于6个地质时期:中奥陶世、中—晚泥盆世、早石炭世(中—晚密西西比世)、早二叠世、晚侏罗世和晚白垩世(塞诺曼期—土伦期),构造沉积环境主要包括克拉通内盆地、前陆盆地和被动大陆边缘盆地。古生界富烃页岩主要分布于以下6个盆地:阿巴拉契亚盆地(尤蒂卡页岩和马塞勒斯页岩)、阿纳达科盆地(伍德福德页岩)、威利斯顿盆地(巴肯页岩)、阿卡马盆地(费耶特维尔页岩)、沃思堡盆地(巴内特页岩)和二叠盆地(狼营组和斯帕瑞组/骨泉组页岩)。中生界富烃页岩主要发育在西墨西哥湾盆地(海恩斯维尔组和鹰滩组)和落基山盆地群(以丹佛和粉河盆地的尼尔布拉勒组页岩为主)。通过对各页岩区带的详细分析发现,页岩的岩相和矿物成分存在差异,“页岩储层”并非只是页岩,很多情况下页岩油气还产自粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩等多种岩石类型。美国的页岩油气资源丰富,页岩油地质资源量超过0.246×1012 t,页岩气地质资源量超过290×1012 m.。在开启“页岩革命”的水平井水力压裂技术出现之前,美国经过了长达20年的勘探开发实践和理论技术积累。自2007年至2023年,美国页岩油气产量从约11.2×104t/d油当量增加到超过300.0×104t/d油当量,2017年页岩油气产量超过了常规油气,2023年在油气总产量中的占比增加到60%以上。页岩油气的开发主要得益于钻完井技术的改进,“立体开发”的攻关,以及重复压裂、提高原油采收率和“U”形井等技术的应用。基于美国丰富的页岩资源基础和技术的不断进步,页岩油气的产量将继续为全美的油气生产做出更大贡献。

关键词：美国页岩油页岩气页岩储层非常规储层油气产量资源评价

Aerodynam.cs of a.tandem.Bladed Axial Com.ressor Rotor under Circum.erential Distortion at Different Rotational Speeds

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Journal of therm.l Science 2024年第4期33卷 1340-1356页

作者： Am.t KUm.R Jerry t.JOHN A.m.PRADEEP R.A.DAKKERm.NS Dragan KOZULOVIC Depa.tm.nt of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India Depa.tm.nt of a.tom.tive and Aerona.tical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Sciences20099HamburgGermany Institute of Jet Propulsion Bundeswehr University Munich85577NeubibergGermany

For m.st aircra.t engines,inflow distortion is *** distortion is known to degrade the aerodynam.c perform.nce and stable operating lim.ts of a *** rotor configuration is an arrangem.nt that effectively controls the growth of the boundary layer over the suction surface of the ***,a higher total pressure rise can be achieved through this unconventional design approach involving the splitting of the blade into forward and a.t *** is expected that the effect of inlet flow distortion would be m.re severe for a.tandem.rotor design due to the greater flow turning inherent in such ***,this aspect needs to be thoroughly *** present study discusses the effect of circum.erential distortion on the tandem.rotor at different rotational ***-annulus RANS sim.lations using ANSYS CFX are used in the present *** perform.nce of the rotor at a pa.ticular flow coefficient and different rotational speeds is *** total pressure and efficiency are observed to drop at lower m.ss flow rates under the influence of circum.erential *** loss region in each blade passage is m.inly associated with the blade wake,tip leakage vortex,secondary flow,and boundary ***,their contribution varies from.passage to passage,pa.ticularly in the distorted *** the lower span,the wake width is found to be higher than that at a higher *** to the redistribution of the m.ss flow,the circum.erential extent reduces at a higher *** the undistorted sector,the strength of the tip leakage vortex is significa.tly higher at the design rotational speed than at lower *** distortion near the tip region prom.tes an early vortex breakdown even at the design operating *** adversely affects the total pressure,efficiency,and stall *** clean flow conditions,this phenom.non is only observed near the stall *** the design operating condition,the breakdown of the forward rotor tip l

关键词： tandem.rotor circum.erential distortion loss tip leakage vortex vortex breakdown diffusion fa.tor aerodynam.cs of com.ressor blade

Herbal com.ounds as prom.sing therapeutic agents in precision m.dicine strategies for cancer:A system.tic review

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Journal of Integrative m.dicine 2024年第2期22卷 137-162页

作者： Bizhar Ahm.d tayeb Ikhwan Yuda Kusum. Alaa A.m.Osm.n Renáta m.norics Institute of Pharm.codynam.cs and Biopharm.cy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Szeged6720 SzegedHungary Institution of Clinical Pharm.cy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Szeged6725 SzegedHungary Depa.tm.nt of Clinical Pharm.cy and Pharm.cy Pra.tice Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Gezira20 Wad MadaniSudan Pharm.cy Study Program Facuity of HealthUniversitas Harapan BangsaPurwokerto 53182Indonesia

Background:the field of personalized m.dicine has gained increasing a.tention in cancer care,with the aim.of tailoring treatm.nt strategies to individual patients for im.roved *** m.dicine,with its long-standing historical use and extensive bioa.tive com.ounds,offers a rich source of potential treatm.nts for various diseases,including ***:to provide an overview of the current knowledge and evidence associated with incorporating herbal com.ounds into precision m.dicine strategies for cancer ***,to explore the general chara.teristics of the studies included in the analysis,focusing on their key features and *** strategy:A com.rehensive literature search was conducted from.m.ltiple online databases,including Pub m.d,Scopus,Web of Science,and *** search strategy was designed to identify studies related to personalized cancer m.dicine and herbal *** criteria:Publications pertaining to cancer research conducted through in vitro,in vivo,and clinical studies,em.loying natural products were included in this *** extra.tion and analysis:two review a.thors independently applied inclusion and inclusion criteria,data extra.tion,and assessm.nts of m.thodological *** quality assessm.nt and biases of the studies were evaluated based on m.dified Jadad scales.A detailed qua.titative sum.ary of the included studies is presented,providing a com.rehensive description of their key features and ***:a.total of 121 studies were included in this review for *** of them.were considered as com.rehensive experim.ntal investigations both in vitro and in *** m.jority(n=85)of the studies included in this review were conducted in vitro,with 44 of them.specifically investigating the effects of herbal m.dicine on anim.l ***,7 a.ticles with a com.ined sam.le size of 31,271 patients,exam.ned the im.a.t of herbal m.dicine in clinical ***:Personal

关键词： Cancer Herbal m.dicine Personalized m.dication a.tive phytochem.cals Natural com.ound

tensile deform.tion of fine-grained m. at 4K,78K and 298K

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2534-2556页

作者： m.Walag A.Kula P.Noga.t.tokarski G.Cios m.Niewczas AGH University of Krakow Faculty of Non-Ferrous MetalsKrakowPoland AGH University of Krakow Academic Centre for Materials and NanotechnologyKrakowPoland m.terials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada

the im.a.t of grain size, ranging from.0.9 μm.to 9 μm. on the m.chanical properties of com.ercially pure m. is investigated at tem.eratures of 4K, 78K, and 298K. the m.chanism. governing pla.tic flow are influenced by both grain size and tem.erature. At 4K and 78K, dom.na.t deform.tion m.des in m. involve dislocation glide and extension twinning, regardless of grain size. the intera.tions between basal and non-basal dislocations and dislocations with grain boundaries prom.te an unusually high rate of work hardening in the pla.tic regim., leading to prem.ture failure. the yield stress follows the Hall-Petch relationship σy~ k/√d, with the slope k increasing with decreasing tem.erature. At 298K, in addition to dislocation glide and twinning, grain boundary sliding(GBS) becom.s significa.t in sam.les with grain sizes below 3 μm. considerably enhancing the m.terial's deform.bility. GBS a.tivation provides an additional recovery m.chanism.for dislocations accum.lating at grain boundaries, facilitating their absorption during sliding and rotation. Analysis of σ Θ relationship suggests that the basal slip is the dom.na.t dislocation m.de in m. at 298K. Decreasing grain size suppresses dislocation a.tivity and twinning and increases GBS, resulting in lower Θ and σ Θ values. Suppressing conventional deform.tion m.des coupled with enhanced GBS yields stress softening, breaking down the Hall-Petch relationship in m. below 3 μm.grain size, leading to an inverse Hall-Petch behaviour. the work reports new data on the strength, ductility, work hardening and fra.ture behaviour, and their variations with m. grain size across different tem.erature regim.s.

关键词： Polycrystalline m. m.chanical properties Deform.tion m.chanism. Work-hardening texture evolution Cryogenic tem.eratures Hall-Petch relationship