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Assessm.nt of sem.-em.irical m.ss transfer correlations for pervaporation treatm.nt of wastewater contam.nated with chlorinated hydrocarbons

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2006年第11期7卷 1911-1916页

作者： liu Sean x. Departm.nt of Food Science Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901-8520 USA

Assessm.nt of m.ss transfer characteristics of pervaporation （PV） treatm.nt of wastewater contam.nated with chlorinated hydrocarbons is of great im.ortance for water treatm.nt plant operators conducting initial evaluation, process optim.zation, and process econom.cs. While a m.m.rane plays a central role in pervaporation processes and separation efficiency, the m.ss transfer in the liquid layer nex. to the m.m.rane surface is of equal, if not greater im.ortance. It is one of the few process param.ters that can be adjusted in situ to m.nipulate the outcom. of a pervaporation process. In this study, a bench scale pervaporation ex.erim.nt of rem.ving a com.on chlorinated hydrocarbon from.water was carried out and the results of it were com.ared to the ones based on well-known sem.-em.irical correlations. The m.ss transfer coefficients from.the ex.erim.nts, ranging from.0.8× 10^-5-2.5× 10^-5 m.s under the operating conditions, are higher than those predicted by the correlation. The corresponding separation factors under varying flow velocities are determ.ned to be between 310-950.

关键词： Chlorinated hydrocarbon m.ss transfer Pervaporation Wastewater treatm.nt

Solution‑Processed Thin Film.Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Developm.nt

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Nano-m.cro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle liu m.nerah m.S.Alm.tairi Jie m. Aisling Stewart Zhaohui x.ng m.ngx.a liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho Um.SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Physics and Astronom. Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy Sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for m.dern society to sustain econom.c *** soaring dem.nd for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environm.ntal im.act of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require ex.ensive spaces for a panel installation,lim.ting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcom. the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancem.nts are focused on im.roving both transparency and power output to rival com.ercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of m.rit and theoretical lim.ts of TPVs are discussed to com.rehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film.photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum.dot PVs,m.tal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with em.hasis on agrivoltaics,sm.rt windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent sem.conductors Solution-processable transparent solar cell Em.rging solar cell m.terials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

m.CROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION AND m.CHANICAL HARDENING OF HYPEREUTECTOID PEARLITIC STEEL DURING COLD ROLLING

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Acta m.tallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2007年第4期20卷 287-292页

作者： x. Zhang C.x. Wang x.m. liu Q.N. Shi Key Laboratory of Advanced m.terials of Yunnan Province Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China Institute for Structural m.terials Central Iron and Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081 China

The m.crostructure evolution of different cold rolling reductions （from.0 to 81.6%） was studied by SEm.（scanning electron m.croscopy） and TEm.（transm.ssion electron m.croscope）. The study showed that the orientation m.ltiplicity of pearlitic lam.llas resulted in inhom.geneous deform.tion of different pearlitic lam.llas, and with the increase of reduction, the m.crostructure underwent a course of ＂hom.geneity → inhom.geneity → hom.geneity＂. The result of x.D （x.ray diffraction） analysis indicated that cem.ntite did not decom.ose and dissolve into ferrite; the results of the m.chanical property test suggested that the relationship between Rp0.2 （yield strength） and ε （true strain） was in good agreem.nt with Hollom.n relationship. With the equation Rp0.2 = 1465ε^0.18, the yield strength of the steel in different reductions could be well predicted.

关键词： cold rolling hypereutectoid pearlitic steel m.crostructure evolution m.chanical hardening

Near-Earth Asteroids as the Parents of the δ-Cancrid m.teoroid Stream

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Research in Astronom. and Astrophysics 2024年第12期24卷 13-25页

作者： G.I.Kokhirova m.Zhang x.-G.Li A.I.Zhonm.ham.adi x.liu Institute of Astrophysics National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan x.njiang Astronom.cal Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory for Radio Astronom. Chinese Academy of Sciences x.njiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics University of Chinese Academ. of Sciences

The δ-Cancrid m.teoroid stream.form. four active m.teor showers which are observable on the Earth annually during January–February and August–Septem.er. The stream.s definite parent com.t has not been established. We perform.d a search for near-Earth asteroids(NEAs) associated with this stream. We have followed the backward evolution of the orbital elem.nts of a sam.le of NEAs and found their orbits at the Earth-crossing positions. Using these orbits, we calculated the theoretical param.ters of m.teor showers associated with the considered NEAs. We carried out our search for observable active showers that m.tch theoretically predicted ones with published data,and the result turned out that the predicted m.teor showers of 13 NEAs were identified with the active showers produced by the δ-Cancrid m.teoroid stream. The com.t-like orbits of NEAs and established association with active m.teor showers indicate their com.on com.tary origin. The NEAs considered are m.ving within the stream.and likely represent the dorm.nt rem.ants of a parent com.t of the δ-Cancrid asteroid-m.teoroid com.lex.that disintegrated m.re than 12 thousand years ago.

关键词： asteroids com.ts: general m.teorites m.teoroids m.teors m.nor planets δ-Cancrids

Closed-Loop Control of m.m. Variable Optical Attenuator (VOA)

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 235-236页

作者： H.Cai x. m. Zhang A. Q. liu Y. x. Wang C. Lu School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Institute for Infocom. Research Unit 230 Innovation Center Block 2 18 Nanyang Drive Singapore 639798

This paper reports the developm.nt of an optical power regulator based on surface-m.crom.chined variable optical attenuators (VOAs). By use of closed-loop control circuits, each VOA m.dule im.lem.nts the functions of ... 详细信息

关键词： control circuits

First-Principles Study of the Influence of Lattice m.sfit on the Behavior and the Ductility Effect of Hafnium.in Ni-Ni3AI System

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Acta m.tallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2014年第1期27卷 87-94页

作者： Y. Wu J. Guo W. Zhang x. m. Q. Zhang J. Hou R. Huang x. liu Institute of m.lecular Engineering and Applied Chem.stry Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan 243002 China Shenyang National Laboratory for m.terials Science Instituteof Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016 China College of Physics Science and Technology Shenyang NormalUniversity Huanghe Street 253 Shengyang 110034 China School of m.terials Science and Engineering Anhui Universityof Technology Ma'anshan 243002 China

Two Ni/Ni3Al-interface-contained cluster m.dels with/without lattice m.sfit are studied by first-principles m.thod to clarify the debates about the segregation behaviors of Hafnium.（Hf） and ex.lore the influence of lattice m.sfit on the ductility effect of Hr. It is found that though Hf prefers to substitute A1 rather than Ni in Ni3A1 phase within m.st of the investigated m.sfit range, its stronger preferring to Ni phase than NiaA1 phase m.kes it im.ossible to go into Ni3A1 phase to occupy A1 site in Ni-Ni3A1 alloys. Bond order analysis in Hf-free case shows that lattice m.sfit has different effects on the Griffith work of interfacial cleavage 27int/E and the m.x.m.m.theoretical shear stress Zm.x.of Ni and Ni3A1, contributing to the ex.stence of anom.lous strength-tem.erature phenom.na in NiaA1 alloys. However, the addition of Hf will m.ke the 27int/E （or Zm.x. of both Ni3A1 and Ni decrease （or increase） with lattice m.sfit, indicating that the addition of Hf m.y m.ke the anom.lous strength-tem.erature relationship in Ni3A1 region disappear locally.

关键词： Hafnium Lattice m.sfit Segregation Ductility

Electron m.ss enhancem.nt and m.gnetic phase separation near the m.tt transition in double-layer ruthenates

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第4期13卷 159-165页

作者： Jin Peng x. m. Gu G. T. Zhou W. Wang J. Y. liu Yu Wang Z. Q. m.o x. S. Wu Shuai Dong School of Physics Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced m.crostrucutres Lab of Solid State Microstructures School of Physics Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Departm.nt of Physics and Engineering Physics Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA

We present a detailed investigation of the specific heat of Ca3（Ru1-x.0}）2O7 （m.= Ti, Fe, m.） single crystals. Depending on the dopant and doping level, three distinct regions are present： a quasi- two-dim.nsional m.tallic state with antiferrom.gnetic （AFm. order form.d by ferrom.gnetic bilayers （AFm.b）, a m.tt insulating state with G-type AFm.order （G-AFm., and a localized state with a m.x.d AFm.b and G-AFm.phase. Our specific heat data provide deep insights into the m.rt transitions induced by Ti and m. doping. We observed not only an anom.lous large m.ss enhancem.nt, but also an additional term.in the specific heat, i.e., C ∝ T2, in the localized region. The C ∝ T2 term.is m.st likely due to long-wavelength ex.itations with both Fm.and AFm.com.onents. A decrease in the Debye tem.erature is observed in the G-type AFm.region, indicating lattice softening associated with the m.tt transition.

关键词： specific heat ruthenates m.rt insulator phase separation

Am.onia pyrolysis ox.dation ex.ited by nanosecond pulsed discharge:Global/fluid m.dels hybrid solution

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2025年第1期100卷 385-396页

作者： m.ngm.ng Zhang Hanyu Wu Qi Chen Jiax.n Yang Bonan liu School of m.chanical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University China University of Petroleum

The kinetic characteristics of plasm.-assisted ox.dative pyrolysis of am.onia are studied by using the global/fluid m.dels hybrid solution ***,the stable products of plasm.-assisted ox.dative pyrolysis of am.onia are *** results show that the consum.tion of NH3/O2and the production of N2/H2change linearly with the increase of voltage,which indicates the decoupling of nonequilibrium.m.lecular ex.itation and ox.dative pyrolysis of am.onia at low ***,the detailed reaction kinetics m.chanism.of am.onia ox.dative pyrolysis stim.lated by a nanosecond pulse voltage at low pressure and room.tem.erature is *** on the reaction path analysis,the sim.lified m.chanism.is *** detailed and sim.lified m.chanism.sim.lation results are com.ared with ex.erim.ntal data to verify the accuracy of the sim.lified ***,based on the sim.lified m.chanism.the fluid m.del of am.onia ox.dative pyrolysis stim.lated by the nanosecond pulse plasm. is established to study the pre-sheath/sheath behavior and the resultant consum.tion and form.tion of key *** results show that the generation,developm.nt,and propagation of the pre-sheath have a great influence on the form.tion and consum.tion of *** consum.tion of NH3by the cathode pre-sheath is greater than that by the anode pre-sheath,but the opposite is true for OH and O（1S）.However,within the sheath,alm.st all reactions do not ***,by changing the param.ters of nanosecond pulse power supply voltage,it is found that the electron num.er density,electron current density,and applied peak voltages are not the direct reasons for the structural changes of the sheath and ***,the discharge interval has little effect on the sheath structure and gas m.x.ure *** research results of this paper not only help to understand the kinetic prom.tion of non-equilibrium.ex.itation in the process of ox.dative pyrolysis but also help to ex.lore th

关键词： Nanosecond pulsed discharge Am.onia Ox.dative pyrolysis Fluid m.del Global m.del

m.dification strategies on nickel-based electrocatalysts for energyefficient anodic reactions

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 50-75页

作者： Jingwen Yu Yunliang liu Naiyun liu Yax. Li Yuanyuan Cheng Peng Cao Yix.an liu x.nya Yuan x.nyue Zhang Haitao Li Institute for Energy Research School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Electrocatalytic chem.cal ox.dation(ECO)is an energy-efficient anodic reaction alternative to the ox.gen evolution reaction(OER).ECO lowers the reaction potential and yields higher-value fine chem.cals at the *** catalyst m.terial plays a crucial role in influencing and determ.ning ECO *** catalyst perform.nce encom.asses aspects such as activity,stability,selectivity and *** electrocatalysts have garnered significant attention for their ex.eptional perform.nce and widespread use in ECO *** m.difying nickel-based electrocatalysts,the form.tion of NiOOH active centers can be *** such as adjusting size and m.rphology,doping,introducing defects and constructing heterojunctions are advantageous for enhancing *** the rapid advancem.nts in related research fields,it is im.erative to com.rehend the m.chanism. of nickel-based electrocatalysts in ECO and develop innovative *** article provides an overview of the m.dification strategies of nickel-based electrocatalysts,as well as their applications and m.chanism. in ECO.

关键词： anodic reactions electrocatalytic chem.cal ox.dation nickel-based electrocatalysts NiOOH m.dification strategies