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Assessm.nt of Seasonal Rainfall Prediction in Ethiopia: Ev.luating a Dynam.c Recurrent Neural Network to Downscale ECm.F-SEAS5 Rainfall

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Adv.nces in Atm.spheric Sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2230-2244页

作者： Kebede A. Warrach-Sagi K. Schwitalla T. Wulfm.yer v. Abebe T. Ware m. Hawassa univ.rsity College of Agriculture P.O. Box 05 Hawassa Ethiopia Faculty of m.teorology and Hydrology Arba Minch University Water Institute of Technology P.O. Box 21 Arba Minch Ethiopia Institute of Physics and m.teorology University of Hohenheim P.O. Box 70599 Stuttgart Germany

Seasonal rainfall plays a v.tal role in both env.ronm.ntal dynam.cs and decision-m.king for rainfed agriculture in Ethiopia, a country often im.acted by extrem. clim.te ev.nts such as drought and flooding. Predicting the onset of the rainy season and prov.ding localized rainfall forecasts for Ethiopia is challenging due to the changing spatiotem.oral patterns and the country’s rugged topography. The Clim.te Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station Data (CHIRPS), ERA5-Land total precipitation and tem.erature data are used from.1981–2022 to predict spatial rainfall by applying an artificial neural network (ANN). The recurrent neural network (RNN) is a nonlinear autoregressiv. network with exogenous input (NARX), which includes feed-forward connections and m.ltiple network layers, em.loying the Lev.nberg m.rquait algorithm. This m.thod is applied to downscale data from.the European Centre for m.dium.range Weather Forecasts fifth-generation seasonal forecast system.(ECm.F-SEAS5) and the Euro-m.diterranean Centre for Clim.te Change (Cm.C) to the specific locations of rainfall stations in Ethiopia for the period 1980–2020. Across the stations, the results of NARX exhibit strong associations and reduced errors. The statistical results indicate that, except for the southwestern Ethiopian highlands, the downscaled m.nthly precipitation data exhibits high skill scores com.ared to the station records, dem.nstrating the effectiv.ness of the NARX approach for predicting local seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia’s com.lex terrain. In addition to this spatial ANN of the sum.er season precipitation, tem.erature, as well as the com.ination of these two v.riables, show prom.sing results. © Institute of Atm.spheric Physics/Chinese Academ. of Sciences, and Science Press 2024.

关键词： artificial neural networks downscaling prediction rainfall station

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Enhanced wear resistance, antibacterial perform.nce, and biocom.atibility using nanotubes containing nano-Ag and bioceram.cs in v.tro

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BIO-DESIGN AND m.NuFACTuRING 2024年第5期7卷 670-686页

作者： Wang, Qingge Liu, Jia Wu, Hong Liu, Jingbo Ren, Yaojia Liang, Luxin Yan, Xinxin Baker, Ian Liu, Shifeng uglov. v. v. Yang, Chengliang Wang, Liqiang Cent South univ State Key Lab Powder Met Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Youjiang m.d univ.Nationalities Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Reg Engn Res Ctr Biomat Guangxi Key Lab Preclin & Translat Res Bone & Join Guangxi Key Lab Biomed Mat ResAffiliated Hosp Baise 533000 Peoples R China Cent South univ Xiangya Hosp 2 Dept Orthoped Changsha 410011 Peoples R China Wuhan univ Renmin Hosp Dept Orthoped Wuhan 430060 Peoples R China Dartm.uth Coll Thayer Sch Engn Hanover NH 03755 USA Xian univ.Architecture & Technol Sch Met Engn Xian 710055 Peoples R China Belarusian State univ Minsk 220030 BELARUS Shanghai Jiao Tong univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Met Matrix Composites Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

A good Ti-based joint im.lant should prev.nt stress shielding and achiev. good bioactiv.ty and anti-infection perform.nce. To m.et these requirem.nts, the low-elastic-m.dulus alloy-Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr-was used as the substrate, and functional coatings that contained bioceram.cs and Ag ions were prepared for coating on TiO2 nanotubes (diam.ter: (80 +/- 20) nm.and (150 +/- 40) nm. using anodization, deposition, and spin-coating m.thods. The effects of the bioceram.cs (nano-beta-tricalcium.phosphate, m.crohydroxyapatite (m.cro-HA), and m.so-CaSiO3) and Ag nanoparticles (size: (50 +/- 20) nm. on the antibacterial activ.ty and the tribocorrosion, corrosion, and early in v.tro osteogenic behav.ors of the nanotubes were inv.stigated. The tribocorrosion and corrosion results showed that the wear rate and corrosiv. rate were highly dependent on the features of the nanotube surface. m.cro-HA showed great wear resistance with a wear rate of (1.26 +/- 0.06)x10-3 m.3/(N center dot m. due to adhesiv. and abrasiv. wear. m.so-CaSiO3 showed enhanced cell adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activ.ty. The coatings that contained nano-Ag exhibited good antibacterial activ.ty with an antibacterial rate of >= 89.5% against Escherichia coli. These findings indicate that hybrid coatings m.y hav. the potential to accelerate osteogenesis. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： beta Ti alloy Surface m.dification Wear resistance Corrosion resistance Osteogenic behav.or Antibacterial activ.ty TITANIum.SuRFACES DOPED HYDROXYAPATITE SILv.R NANOPARTICLES TIO2 NANOTuBES BEHAv.OR ALLOY DIFFERENTIATION m.CROSTRuCTuRES POLARIZATION COATINGS

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Production and achiev.m.nts of Sesam.m.indicum.industry in the world: Past and current state

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第3期9卷 187-197页

作者： Sanni G.B.T.A. Ezin v. Chabi I.B. m.ssihoun A.A. Florent Q. Ham.ssou Z. Niang m. Ahanchede A. Departm.nt of Crop Production Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi 01 Cotonou BP 526 Benin Laboratory of v.lorization and Quality m.nagem.nt of Food Bio-Ingredients Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou 01BP 526 Benin Laboratory of Genetic and Biotechnology Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi BP 526 Cotonou Benin Departm.nt of v.getal Production Abdou Moumouni University Faculty of Agronomy BP: 10960 Niger ISRA-CERAAS Thiès-Escale Thiès BP 3320 Senegal

Sesam. production is im.ortant in agriculture, food industry, and the crop div.rsity due to its rich nutritional profile and health benefits. Despite its significant v.lue, sesam. is still an orphan crop that has receiv.d little scientific attention, resulting in low yield com.ared to other m.jor oilseed crops. This rev.ew offers a com.rehensiv. ov.rv.ew of the present state of production, knowledge, and research adv.ncem.nts concerning Sesam.m.indicum.on a global scale. The FAOSTAT database was extensiv.ly used to exam.ne the global trends from.1961 to 2021. In the past 60 years, global sesam. production has substantially increased, with Asia and Africa being the prim.ry producers. The integration of om.cs technologies and biotechnological interv.ntions has rev.lutionized our understanding of the genetic basis of sesam., enhanced productiv.ty, inv.gorated stress resilience, and im.rov.d seed quality. High-throughput sequencing m.thods such as RNA-seq, RAD-seq, SLAF-seq, and GBS technology are used in v.rious studies, linkage m.pping, and identification of trait-associated m.rkers. Fine linkage m.ps, and m.lti-om.cs studies such as genom.cs, proteom.cs, transcriptom.cs, and m.tabolom.cs hav. been em.loyed in sesam. research for gene and QTL m.pping. Proteins and m.tabolic pathways related to oil content, yield, and stress tolerance were reported. Genes and QTLs related to yield and its com.onents, drought, salt, and osm.tic stress tolerance were discov.red. Candidate genes associated with capsule shattering and seed shattering were recently rev.aled. For m.re achiev.m.nt in sesam., it is im.ortant to enhance sesam. production efficiency through m.chanization, adv.nced agricultural practices, and knowledge dissem.nation to farm.rs. m.S and m.lti-om.cs integration should be particularly reinforced. The adv.ncem.nts in sesam. production present a significant and prom.sing opportunity for farm.rs, gov.rnm.nts, and stakeholders in the agricultural sector. © 2024 the Oil

关键词： Genetic m.rkers Oil yield Om.cs im.rov.m.nt Sesam. industry Sesam.m.indicum

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Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactiv.ty,com.osition,structure,in v.tro and in v.v. behav.or of PEO coatings on m.-alloy

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： D.v.m.shtalyar I.m.Im.hinetskiy v.v.Kashepa K.v.Nadaraia m.A.Piatkov. A.I.Pleshkov. K.A.Fom.nko A.Yu.ustinov.S.L.Sinebryukhov.S.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chem.stry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal univ.rsity Vladivostok690950Russia Regional Clinical Derm.tov.nerological Dispensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study inv.stigates the physical and chem.cal characteristics,behav.or in v.tro and in v.v.,and biocom.atibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasm. electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on m.8 m.gnesium.*** obtained coatings dem.nstrate in v.v. biocom.atibility and in v.tro *** to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the dev.lopm.nt of apatite in sim.lated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles im.rov.s bioactiv.ty of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the form.d layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in v.v. studies,these coatings also prov.de fav.rable tissue response and m.nim.l inflam.atory reaction in com.arison with the bare m.gnesium.alloy due to protection of liv.ng tissues from.deleterious corrosion ev.nts of m.gnesium.im.lant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocom.atibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles m.king them.a prom.sing protectiv. layer for biodegradable m.gnesium.im.lants.

关键词： Plasm. electrolytic oxidation Bioactiv. coatings Tantalum.pentoxide Sim.lated body fluid(SBF) Apatite form.tion Histology

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Old-growth m.xed dipterocarp forests show v.riable losses and gains in abov.ground biom.ss and standing carbon ov.r forty years

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Cham.ika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe Dav.d Woodbury Arun Dayanandan B.m.P.Singhakum.ra Xiangcheng m. I.A.u.N.Gunatilleke C.v.S.Gunatilleke m.rk SAshton Departm.nt of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Departm.nt of Forestry and Env.ronm.ntal Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of v.getation and Env.ronm.ntal Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Departm.nt University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Background:No studies hav. docum.nted long-term.trends in abov.ground biom.ss(AGB)for m.xed-dipterocarp forests(m.F),the dom.nant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial *** our study,we sought to docum.nt such trends ov.r forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower m.ntane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m.25 m.plots in 1978 across three sites sam.led along an elev.tion gradient,identified as m.ture old-growth *** m.asured trees for diam.ter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood sam.les to calculate species wood-specific *** re-m.asured plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites com.ined to be 517.52 m.·ha^(-1)in 1978,but this declined by 17%ov.r 40 years to 430.11 m.·ha^(-1).No differences exist am.ng sites in AGB prim.rily because of considerable within site v.riation;but interactions of tim. with site show declines across sites were not uniform.one rem.ined about the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top fiv. species com.rising between 34%and 65%,depending upon site and year *** species,m.sua nagassarium.represented a disproportionately large am.unt of AGB and decline ov.r tim.,particularly at the low elev.tion ***:Our results are directly relev.nt to estim.ting AGB and standing carbon sequestered in *** study is the first to dem.nstrate v.rying but ov.rall,declining trends in am.unts of AGB am.ng forests m.king predictions of biom.ss and standing carbon in m.F difficult ov.r wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Southeast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific grav.ty

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Photolum.nescence,structural and antibacterial properties of co-dopedβ-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)-type phosphates Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)(RE=Eu-Er)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1658-1668,I0002页

作者： Iv.n v.Nikiforov.Ekaterina v.Iliin Bogdan I.Lazoryak Sergey m.Aksenov.Pav.l v.Slukin Dina v.Deyneko Departm.nt of Chem.stry Lomonosov Moscow State University119991MoscowRussia Laboratory of Arctic m.neralogy and m.terial Sciences Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia Geological Institute Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia State Scientific Center of Applied m.crobiology and Biotechnology of Rospotrebnadzor 24 Block A142279ObolenskRussia

Nov.l Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)where RE^(3+)=Eu^(3+),Tb^(3+),Dy^(3+),Ho^(3+)and Er^(3+)were synthesized by a solid-state m.thod in *** structures of the sam.les were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction using Rietv.ld refinem.nt to determ.ne the occupation of crystal *** sam.les are found to hav. a centrosym.etric structure with space group R3c,as shown by dielectric *** synthesized Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)sam.les hav. m.ltifunctional *** Cu^(2+)ions prov.de antibacterial properties,while the rare earth elem.nts ions exhibit lum.nescence properties,and theβ-Ca_3(PO_(4))_(2)-type host is *** photolum.nescence properties of RE^(3+)ions were studied and com.ared with other sim.ilar Ca_(8)m.E(PO_(4))_(7)phosphates,where m.is a div.lent *** photolum.nescence intensity quenching in term. of energy transfer from.RE^(3+)to Cu^(2+)is *** bioactiv. properties were studied in relation to antibacterial activ.ty against *** and *** syntesized Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)sam.les dem.nstrate v.ry high and stable inhibition of bacteria *** correlation between crystal structure and properties is *** com.ining m.ltiple approaches to the directio nal design of such m.terials,sev.ral im.ortant properties within a single chem.cal com.ound to achiev. biov.sualization and bioactiv. properties sim.ltaneously can be com.ined.

关键词： β-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) Whitlockite-type structure Bioactiv. phosphates TCP Photolum.nescence Rare earths

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable m. alloy

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： K.v.Nadaraia D.v.m.shtalyar m.A.Piatkov. A.I.Pleshkov. I.m.Im.hinetskiy m.S.Gerasim.nko E.A.Belov.v.v.Kum.iko D.N.Kozyrev.K.A.Fom.nko v.v.m.stov.ya B.R.Torpanov.A.R.Biktim.rov.I.S.Osm.shko S.L.Sinebryukhov.S.v.Gnedenkov Institute of Chem.stry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal univ.rsity 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.v.Zhirm.nsky National Scientific Center of m.rine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical Derm.tov.nerological Dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia Nm.C“Treatm.nt and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium.phosphate coating was form.d on a m.-m.-Ce alloy by the plasm. electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic v.ncom.cin,widely used in the treatm.nt of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was im.regnated into the *** with v.ncom.cin showed high bactericidal activ.ty against *** m.chanical and electrochem.cal properties of the form.d coatings were studied,as well as in v.tro cytotoxicity tests and in v.v. tests on m.ture m.le rats were *** to SEm.EDS,XRD and XPS data,coatings had a dev.loped m.rphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with v.ncom.cin did not rev.al any differences,confirm.ng the high roughness of the *** electrochem.cal tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by m.re than two tim.s after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in v.v. study,after 28 days of the im.lantation of sam.les with calcium.phosphate PEO coating and v.ncom.cin,no signs of inflam.ation were observ.d,while an inflam.atory reaction dev.loped in the area of im.lantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from.the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experim.nt,no significant dev.ations in the condition and behav.or of the anim.ls were observ.d;clinical tests did not rev.al a system.c toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactiv. coatings Biocom.atibility m. alloy Plasm. electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite v.ncom.cin

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The m.lti-im.urity system.in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and therm.dynam.c properties

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： D A Baghdasaryan v.A Harutynyan E m.Kazaryan H A Sarkisyan Russian-Arm.nian univ.rsity H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problem. of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the im.urity states and the effects of im.urity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An im.ge charge-based m.del of electron-im.urity interaction is *** charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wav. functions depending on the im.urity num.er and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is shown that the im.ge charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants m.sm.tch is m.ch stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a m.sm.tch into ***,it is dem.nstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the num.er of *** calculate the canonical partition function using the energy lev.ls of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the m.an energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron *** therm.dynam.c properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geom.tric param.ters of the NPL,im.urity num.er,configuration,and tem.erature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes therm.dynam.c properties im.urity states

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Intertype superconductiv.ty ev.ked by the interplay of disorder and m.ltiple bands

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 81-89页

作者： P.m.m.rychev.A.A.Shanenko A.v.v.gov HSE univ.rsity 101000 MoscowRussia Center for Adv.nced m.soscience and Nanotechnology MIPTDolgoprudny141700Russia

Nonm.gnetic im.urity scattering is known to shift up the Ginzburg-Landau param.ter k of a *** this case,when the system.is initially in type I,it can change its m.gnetic response,crossing the intertype dom.in with k~1 between the two standard superconductiv.ty types and arriv.ng at type *** the present work we dem.nstrate that the im.act of disorder can be m.ch m.re profound in the presence of the m.ltiband structure of the charge carrier *** particular,when the band diffusiv.ties differ from.each other,the intertype dom.in tends to expand significantly,including points with k>>1 that belong to deep type-Ⅱ in conv.ntional single-band *** finding sheds light on the nontriv.al disorder effect and significantly com.lem.nts earlier results on the enlargem.nt of the intertype dom.in in clean m.ltiband superconductors.

关键词： superconductiv.ty disorder intertype superconductiv.ty twoband m.del

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Laboratory ev.luation of toxicity of selected insecticides against egg and larv.l stages of cotton pink bollworm. Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： BuSNOOR Abhishek v. WADASKAR R.m. FAND Babasaheb B. TAm.E v.J. PILLAI T. m.HuLE D.J. NAGRARE v.S. PRASAD Y.G. Entom.logy Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Institute for Cotton Research Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

Background The cryptic nature of pink bollworm.Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)larv.e enables its reduced v.l-nerability to insecticidal ***,the dev.lopm.nt of resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)toxins posed a serious threat to transgenic cotton *** necessitated determ.ning the critical tim.ng of spray applications on the control *** study assessed the influence of egg age(freshly laid ***-day-old)and the loca-tion of larv.e(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the boll rind *** inside the bolls)on insecticide control *** The results rev.aled a significant decrease in the ov.cidal activ.ty of tested insecticides with an increase in the age of eggs from.one day old to three days old(paired t-test,Pv.e directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the boll rind were m.re susceptible(>80%m.rtality)than the larv.e exposed after they had bur-rowed inside the bolls(m.rtality).The inhibitory effects of tested insecticides on dev.lopm.ntal biology were m.re pronounced in the experim.nt on pre-larv.l release insecticide treatm.nt com.ared with insecticide treatm.nt giv.n post-larv.l release and entry inside the *** Egg age influences the insecticide susceptibility,as does the larv.l location,directly exposed v. bur-rowed inside the *** eggs and the larv.e that had burrowed inside the green bolls of cotton were relativ.ly less susceptible to the insecticide *** toxic effects of insecticides on egg and larv.l stages were prim.r-ily *** findings are significant for dev.sing a com.rehensiv. strategy for pink bollworm.m.nagem.nt on a sustainable basis.

关键词： Bioefficacy Cotton Insecticides Pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella Tim.ngs of spray

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