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Adverse Drug Reactions in m.nagem.nt of m.lti Drug Resistant Tuberculosis, in Tertiary Chest Institute

Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2015年第2期3卷 27-33页

作者： J. S. Akshata Anushree Chakrabarthy R. Swapna Shashidhar Buggi m. somashekar Deptartm.nt of Pulm.nary m.dicine SDS TB Research Centre and RGICD Bangalore India Departm.nt of CTVS SDS TB Research Centre and RGICD Bangalore India

Background: m.ltidrug resistant tuberculosis is a global threat. Effective treatm.nt is im.lem.nted as per RNTCP guidelines. But the drugs used have great potential to develop adverse drug reactions. Such drug reactions if not m.naged optim.lly can lead to unfavourable treatm.nt outcom.. Hence, the study is to know the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Aim.: To study the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in treatm.nt of m.ltidrug resistant tuberculosis and hence the factors affecting the treatm.nt. Settings and Design: Retrospective analysis of patients treated with standardised regim.n for m.R-TB, as per RNTCP guidelines at a tertiary chest institute between august 2011 and Decem.er 2014. m.thods and m.terial: Retrospective analysis of 607 patients’ records reviewed for the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. All adverse reactions are noted and diagnosed either clinically or by laboratory evidence. Results: Am.ng the 607 patients included in the study, m.jority had one or m.re adverse drug reactions. The m.st com.on was gastritis (71.7%), which was easily treatable, and the least com.on was visual im.airm.nt (0.2%). Only 1.7% discontinued the treatm.nt citing adverse drug reactions and 10.5% required perm.nent discontinuation of the offending drug. Conclusion: Treatm.nt of m.R-TB is challenging m.inly due to the long duration of treatm.nt and the potential adverse reactions of the drugs used. These reactions are frequent but m.jority of them.can be successfully m.naged without treatm.nt interruption. Training the peripheral health centre workers to identify and refer the patients with adverse reaction bears a m.jor im.act on treatm.nt outcom..

关键词： m.R-TB ADR Adherence Outcom.

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High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial lesions： prevalence and im.lications in pancreatic neoplasia

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第2期16卷 202-208页

作者： Jean R Park Feng Li Veeral m.Oza Brett C Sklaw Kevin m.Cronley m.chael Wellner Benjam.n Swanson somashekar G Krishna Division of Hospital m.dicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA Departm.nt of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus Ohio USA

BACKGROUND： High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia（Pan IN-3）, a precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom.（PDAC）, is not universally detected in resected pancreatic neoplasm.. We sought to determ.ne the prevalence and prognostic relevance of Pan IN-3 lesions in prim.ry surgical resections of PDACs and intraductal papillary m.cinous neoplasm.（IPm.s）.m.THODS： A retrospective review of a tertiary care center pathology database（1/2000-6/2014） was perform.d. Dem.graphics, im.ging, pathology, disease-recurrence, and survival data were ***： A total of 458 patients who underwent prim.ry pancreatic resection were included. “Pan IN-3” lesions were found in 74（16.2%） patients who either had PDAC（n=67） or m.in duct（m.）-IPm.（n=7）. Am.ng IPm.-m.s, Pan IN-3 lesions were exclusively found in those with pathological evidence of chronic pancreatitis. For PDACs, the m.dian overall survival（OS） for pancreata with Pan IN-3 lesions was significantly better than those without（OS 1.12 years, interquartile range [IQR] 0.72, 2.05 years vs OS 0.86 years, IQR 0.64,1.60 years respectively; P=0.04）. m.ltivariate Cox regression analysis dem.nstrated that the presence of Pan IN-3 lesions was associated with a reduced risk of death（HR=0.43; 95% CI： 0.23-0.82; P=0.01）.CONCLUSIONS： Following prim.ry resection of pancreatic adenocarcinom., the lower survival observed in patients without Pan IN-3 lesions m.ght suggest a state of com.lete or accelerated transform.tion. Further investigations are necessary to validate these findings that m.ght im.act disease prognosis and m.nagem.nt.

关键词： pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia intraductal papillary m.cinous neoplasm. pancreatic neoplasia pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom.

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Effectiveness of Health Education Video in Im.roving Treatm.nt Adherence am.ng Patients with Tuberculosis: An Interventional Study from.Bengaluru, India

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第3期7卷 159-169页

作者： Kruthika Nagaraj Renuka Prithviraj Rashm. m. Ram.sh Rajappa m.heswaran somashekar Narasim.aiah Kibballi m.dhukeshwar Akshaya Indegene Private Lim.ted Bengaluru India Sapthagiri Institute of m.dical Sciences and Research Centre Bengaluru India Philips India Private Lim.ted Bengaluru India National Tuberculosis Institute Bengaluru India Yenepoya m.dical College Yenepoya (Deemed to Be University) Mangaluru India

Background: Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatm.nt m.ght prolong disease transm.ssion and also increases the risk of drug resistance. Various studies have been carried out to determ.ne the predictors of non-adherence but intervention-based studies to address treatm.nt adherence are scarce. This study intends to estim.te the treatm.nt adherence rates following delivery of patient-centered health education videos in the intervention tuberculosis unit (TU) and to com.are the treatm.nt adherence with that in the com.arison TU. m.thods: An interventional study was conducted in two TUs of Bengaluru urban district am.ng all newly diagnosed TB cases on daily regim.n treatm.nt over a period of three m.nths from.Novem.er 2017 to January 2018. A patient centered health education video was developed and shown by the treatm.nt supporters to all eligible participants consenting to participate in the intervention TU. The video was shown once at the beginning of intensive phase treatm.nt and once in the continuation phase of treatm.nt. A total of 100 patients, 21 from.intervention TU and 79 from.com.arison TU form.d the study sam.le. Patient details were obtained from.their treatm.nt cards. Data on m.ssed doses per m.nth per patient were also noted. Data were entered into m.crosoft excel worksheet and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences. Data are expressed as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test was applied to com.are groups. Results: The m.jority of the study participants were aged between 25 - 44 years. Equal distribution of cases was seen am.ng m.les and fem.les. Intervention TU had significantly higher num.er of pulm.nary TB cases. Treatm.nt adherence rates were 90.5% and 84.8% at end of intensive phase and 85% and 71.4% at end of continuation phase in the intervention and com.arison TU respectively, and this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Use of m.bile video-based health education showed better treatm.nt rates and was f

关键词： Health Education Intervention Treatm.nt Adherence Tuberculosis Daily Dot

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In vivo and ex vivo confocal endom.croscopy of pancreatic cystic lesions: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3338-3348页

作者： somashekar G Krishna Rohan m.m.di Am.it K Kam.oj Benjam.n J Swanson Phil A Hart m.ry E Dillhoff Andrei m.nilchuk Carl R Schm.dt Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of m.dicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Departm.nt of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Deparm.nt of General Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

To investigate the reproducibility of the in vivo endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) - guided needle based confocal endom.croscopy (nCLE) im.ge patterns in an ex vivo setting and com.are these to surgical histopathology for characterizing pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs).m.THODSIn a prospective study evaluating EUS-nCLE for evaluation of PCLs, 10 subjects underwent an in vivo nCLE (AQ-Flex nCLE m.niprobe; Cellvizio, m.unaKea, Paris, France) during EUS and ex vivo probe based CLE (pCLE) of the PCL (Gastroflex ultrahigh definition probe, Cellvizio) after surgical resection. Biopsies were obtained from.ex vivo CLE-im.ged areas for com.arative histopathology. All subjects received intravenous fluorescein prior to EUS and pancreatic surgery for in vivo and ex vivo CLE im.ging *** total of 10 subjects (m.an age 53 ± 12 years; 5 fem.le) with a m.an PCL size of 34.8 ± 14.3 m. were enrolled. Surgical histopathology confirm.d 2 intraductal papillary m.cinous neoplasm. (IPm.s), 3 m.cinous cystic neoplasm. (m.Ns), 2 cystic neuroendocrine tum.rs (cystic-NETs), 1 serous cystadenom. (SCA), and 2 squam.us lined PCLs. Characteristic in vivo nCLE im.ge patterns included papillary projections for IPm.s, horizon-type epithelial bands for m.Ns, nests and trabeculae of cells for cystic-NETs, and a “fern pattern” of vascularity for SCA. Identical im.ge patterns were observed during ex vivo pCLE im.ging of the surgically resected PCLs. Both in vivo and ex vivo CLE im.ging findings correlated with surgical *** vivo nCLE patterns are reproducible in ex vivo pCLE for all m.jor neoplastic PCLs. These findings add further support the application of EUS-nCLE as an im.ging biom.rker in the diagnosis of PCLs.

关键词： Confocal laser endom.croscopy Serous cystadenom. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tum.r Intraductal papillary m.cinous neoplasm Pancreatic cystic neoplasm

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Hospital outcom.s and early readm.ssion for the m.st com.on gastrointestinal and liver diseases in the United States:Im.lications for healthcare delivery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第2期13卷 141-152页

作者： somashekar G Krishna Brandon K Chu Alecia m.Blaszczak Gokulakrishnan Balasubram.nian Hisham.Hussan Peter P Stanich Khalid m.m.az Alice Hinton Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Biostatistics Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)and liver diseases contribute to substantial inpatient m.rbidity,m.rtality,and healthcare resource *** ways to reduce the econom.c burden of healthcare costs and the im.act of these diseases is of crucial ***-day readm.ssion rates and related hospital outcom.s can serve as objective m.asures to assess the im.act of and provide further insights into the m.st com.on GI *** To identify the thirty-day readm.ssion rates with related predictors and outcom.s of hospitalization of the m.st com.on GI and liver diseases in the United *** A cross-sectional analysis of the 2012 National Inpatient Sam.le was perform.d to identify the 13 m.st com.on GI *** 2013 Nationwide Readm.ssion Database was then queried with specific International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision,Clinical m.dification *** outcom.s were m.rtality(index adm.ssion,calendar-year),hospitalization costs,and thirty-day readm.ssion and secondary outcom.s were predictors of thirty-day *** For the year 2013,the thirteen m.st com.on GI diseases contributed to 2.4 m.llion index hospitalizations accounting for about$25 *** thirty-day readm.ssion rates were highest for chronic liver disease(25.4%),Clostridium.difficile(***)infection(23.6%),functional/m.tility disorders(18.5%),inflam.atory bowel disease(16.3%),and GI bleeding(15.5%).The highest index and subsequent calendar-year hospitalization m.rtality rates were chronic liver disease(6.1%and 12.6%),*** infection(2.3%and 6.1%),and GI bleeding(2.2%and 5.0%),***-day readm.ssion correlated with any subsequent adm.ssion m.rtality(r=0.798,P=0.001).m.dicare/m.dicaid insurances,≥3 Elixhauser com.rbidities,and length of stay>3 d were significantly associated with thirty-day readm.ssion for all the thirteen GI *** Preventable and non-chronic GI disease contributed to a significant econom.c and health

关键词： Gastrointestinal disease Thirty-day readm.ssion Nationwide readm.ssion database Outcom.s m.rtality Cost

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Genetic Diversity Estim.tes of Santalum.album.lt;/i>L. through m.crosatellite m.rkers: Im.lications on Conservation

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Am.rican Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第3期10卷 462-485页

作者： Tanzeem.Fatim. Ashutosh Srivastava Vageeshbabu S. Hanur P. V. somashekar m. Srinivasa Rao Genetics and Tree Im.rovem.nt Division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India Division of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Bangalore India Woodworking Division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India

Sandalwood (Santalum.album.L.) is the second m.st expensive wood in the world. There are approxim.tely 16 species of sandalwood (S. album. S. spicatum. S. austrocaledonicum. S. yasi, S. lanceolatum. S. ellipticum. S. m.cgregorii, S. insulare) occurring naturally throughout Australia, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and the islands of the South Pacific. In India, S. album.is found all over the country, with over 90% of the area in Karnataka, Tam.l Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana state. It is highly econom.c tropical tree species because of its scented heartwood and heartwood oil. Several causes have been attributed to the depletion of sandalwood population m.inly am.ngst which theft is causing negative effect on the quality of species by constant rem.val of superior clones. The aim.of this study was to determ.ne the genetic diversity of S. album. For this, 177 genotypes of S. album.from.14 populations of three states (Karnataka, Telangana state and Kerala) in southern India were selected. The genetic diversity and genetic structure were characterized through 25 SSR m.rkers developed by cross am.lification of different species of Sandalwood. Under this study, following genetic diversity param.ters were estim.ted at individual level and population level;Num.er of alleles (Na) 9.107, Effective num.er of alleles (Ne) 7.56, Observed heterozygosity (Ho) 0.187, Expected heterozygosity (He) 0.861, Shannon inform.tion index (I) 2.03, F statistics 0.89, Polym.rphic inform.tion content (PIC) 0.87 and Gene flow (Nm. 4.98. The estim.tes of gene flow am.ng the populations of Kodada Telangana (Nm.= 15.109);IWST Karnataka (Nm.= 13.62) than across other geographical populations (Nm.= 9.40). Analysis of m.lecular variance (Am.VA) revealed that 3% of the total variation was due to differences am.ng populations and 97% due to differences within the populations. The genetic differentiation am.ng populations (FST) 0.012 at p < 0.001 was significant. Structure clustering at K

关键词： Sandalwood Genetic Diversity Alleles m.crosatellite m.rkers PCA

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1-D Paracrystalline m.del to Sim.late a Bragg Reflection: Com.utation of Crystallite Size and Lattice Strain

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Crystal Structure Theory and Applications 2014年第2期3卷 48-55页

作者： m. B. Nanda Prakash G. Thejas Urs H. T. Ananda R. somashekar Departm.nt of Physics Government College (Autonomus) Mandya India Departm.nt of Studies in Physics University of Mysore Mysore India

A sim.le and elegant m.thod to sim.late single order reflection profile based on 1-D paracrystalline m.del has been proposed here. For variety of polym.r film. this approach has been applied to com.ute m.crocrystalline param.ters like crystallite size and lattice strain. Other m.tallic oxide com.ounds are also analysed using this approach. Em.loying this m.del, X-ray diffraction patterns from.various polym.r sam.les have been analysed and corresponding m.crostructure param.ters have been reported in this article.

关键词： X-Ray Diffraction Paracrystal Sim.lation

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新型酸性亮蓝染色剂对蚕丝的染色匀度试验(英文)

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蚕业科学 2009年第2期35卷 427-430页

作者： KADHAR A K m.HARIRAJ G ROY S somashekar T H 蚕丝技术研究中心蚕丝检验与测试室蚕丝中央委员会蚕丝技术研究中心印度bangalore560068

新型酸性亮蓝是目前纺织印染的流行染色剂。用不均匀性指数对染色匀度进行分级,研究了该染色剂不同色度对蚕丝染色匀度的影响。以该染色剂的14个色度对蚕丝进行染色,测定各色度染液处理蚕丝的反光值(用K/S值表示),结果发现该染色剂对蚕... 详细信息

新型酸性亮蓝是目前纺织印染的流行染色剂。用不均匀性指数对染色匀度进行分级,研究了该染色剂不同色度对蚕丝染色匀度的影响。以该染色剂的14个色度对蚕丝进行染色,测定各色度染液处理蚕丝的反光值(用K/S值表示),结果发现该染色剂对蚕丝染色的不均匀性指数在所有色度水平下并不是恒定的,染色均匀性在染色剂色度为1.5%时开始出现,其后随着色度增加染色匀度也越来越好,到染色剂色度为4%时染色匀度最好,之后染色匀度又变差。

关键词：染色剂新型酸性亮蓝蚕丝不均匀性指数反光值

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Correlation of Cognitive Perform.nce and Thyroid Horm.ne Levels in Adolescents with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期4卷 169-175页

作者： A. R. somashekar Vishnu Girish Chandrika Rao Nandigudi Srinivas m.rthy Departm.nt of Patents and Research M.S.Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital Gokula Education Foundation Bangalore India Departm.nt of Pediatrics M.S.Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital Bangalore India m.S.Ram.iah m.dical College and Hospital Bangalore India

Subclinical hypothyroidism.(SCH) can negatively affect cognitive functioning. This study aim.d at correlating serum.T3, T4, TSH with adolescent’s perform.nce on a learning disability scale. m.thods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 schoolchildren, (10 - 15 years). Thyroid horm.nes were estim.ted and classified into two groups: euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid. NIm.ANS index for Specific Learning Disabilities was used to assess the learning ability and cognitive functions. Results: Subclinical hypothyroid group m.de m.re m.stakes than euthyroid group. In SCH m.le group, T3 correlated with language and T4 levels correlated in all areas except in language. In the fem.les, there is no significant correlation between T3 and ability param.ters except in partial correlation coeffeicient am.ng euthyroid children in arithm.tic, visual-m.tor skills and m.m.ry. T4 results did not correlate in language skills. There was a statistical significance between T4 and ability skills in girls except in language. TSH and language skills correlated in fem.les. Conclusion: T3 and T4 levels have correlation with cognitive skills other than TSH. It is necessary to m.asure both T3 and T4 in addition to TSH in adolescents.

关键词： Subclinical Hypothyroidism Adolescent Cognitive Perform.nce Thyroid Horm.nes

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In VitroPlant Regeneration of Dendrocalam.s stocksii(m.nro) m. Kum.r, Rem.sh &am.;Unnikrisnan, through Som.tic Em.ryogenesis

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Am.rican Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 2429-2445页

作者： P. V. somashekar T. S. Rathore Tanzeem.Fatim. Genetics and Tree Im.rovem.nt Division Institute of Wood Science and Technology Bangalore India

Dendrocalam.s stocksii is fast cultivating econom.cally im.ortant forest crop species. National m.ssion of Bam.oo Application (Nm.A) of India has been identified in 15 industrially im.ortant bam.oo species. Traditionally it was propagated through by offset cuttings and rhizom. splitting which was not m.eting the dem.nd, culm.cuttings needed m.ss m.terial to propagate and rooting percentage m.xed. Plant regeneration through som.tic em.ryogenesis was achieved in callus cultures derived from.the callus initiated through type of explants viz. leaf, leaf sheath, shoot tip, nodal shoot segm.nts, and inter node segm.nts from.aseptic cultures. Explants were cultured on m.rashige & Skoog basal m.dia supplem.nted with 2,4 Dichloro diphenyle ethane 0.44 μm.L with additives (Ascorbic acid 8.8 μm.L, citric acid 4.8 μm.L Cysteine 3.02 μm.L and Glutam.ne 14.6 μm.L) with 3% sucrose and Agar agar 0.6%. Cultures were incubated in the dark at 25°C ± 1°C. Out of five types of explants nodal shoot induced callus > 80% followed by leaf sheath (60%) and no callus was induced in leaf. Various nutrient m.dia viz. m.rashige and Skoog (m.), Woody Plant m.dia (WP), Gam.org m.dia (B5) and Heller’s (HE) m.dia fortified with 2,4 D (0.2 - 1.10 μm.L) and Kinetin 0.10 μm.L were tested for high frequency callus induction. Am.ng four nutrient m.dia tested m. m.dia fortified with 2,4 D (0.55 - 1.1 μm.L) 100% callus induction. Calli m.ltiplication was carried out with various concentrations of PGR’s with 10% coconut m.lk. Out of these m. m.dia 2,4 D 0.55 μm./L and 10% coconut m.lk concentration were found best for high frequency (80%) calli m.ltiplication. Various com.inations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) with N6-benzyiam.nopurine (BAP) and kinetin were tested for em.ryo germ.nation, out of which m. m.dia supplem.nted with NAA 0.55 μm./L and BAP 0.22 μm./L were showed high frequency (80%) germ.nation. Germ.nated plantlets carefully transferred to polybags containing potting m.xture of sand

关键词： Dendrocalam.s stocksii Som.tic Em.ryogenesis 2 4 D BAP Kinetin NAA

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