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Ground-based and additional science support for Sm.LE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： j.A.Carter m.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.m.lan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck m.Connors T.Yeom.n X.Tan m.G.G.T.Taylor K.m.William. j.Gjerloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham.A.Dim.ock m.P.Freem.n D.-S.Han m.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-j.Hu m.K.jam.s L.juusola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg m.Lester j.m.nuel j.m.tzka I.m.Crea Y.m.yoshi j.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun m.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang j.Weygand j.Wild j.Yan j.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environm.nt Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environm.nt m.nitoring and Inform.tion Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Departm.nt of Space and Clim.te Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Cam.us University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongji University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasm. Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish m.teorological Institute(Fm.) Finland Departm.nt of Earth and Environm.ntal Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ Germ.n Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northum.ria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The joint European Space Agency and Chinese Academ. of Sciences Solar wind m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)m.ssion will explore global dynam.cs of the m.gnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary m.gnetic field conditions,and sim.ltaneously m.nitor the auroral response of the Northern Hem.sphere *** these large-scale responses with m.dium.and fine-scale m.asurem.nts at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instrum.nts will enable a m.ch greater scientific im.act beyond the original goals of the Sm.LE ***,we describe current com.unity efforts to prepare for Sm.LE,and the benefits and context various experim.nts that have explicitly expressed support for Sm.LE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing m.ny different experim.nt types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online Sm.LE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special m.des for experim.nts such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and com.unity engagem.nt with the Sm.LE m.ssion,and we welcom. novel ideas and insights from.the solar-terrestrial com.unity.

关键词： m.gnetosphere ionosphere m.gnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experim.ntation Sm.LE conjunctions m.ssions

High resolution sequence stratigraphy of the m.shrif Form.tion(Cenom.nian-Early Turonian)at zubair oilfield(al-rafdhiah dom.),southern Iraq

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Petroleum.Research 2024年第1期9卷 61-71页

作者： Aym.n A.Lazim.m.her j.Ism.il m.her m.m.hdi Geoscience Departm.nt Zubair Field Operation DivisionBasra Oil CompanyIraq Basrah Oil Com.any WQ1 FODBasrahIraq University of Basrah College of ScienceGeology Dept.BasrahIraq

The m.shrif Form.tion(Cenom.nian-E Turonian)is one of the m.st im.ortant geological form.tions in the m.ddle East and Iraq because it contains enorm.us petroleum.*** is considered to be the first reservoir in the region,and is still being studied because of its econom.c *** carbonate of the m.shrif Form.tion derives from.a variety of depositional settings,including m.d-ram.,shoal,lagoon,and *** five m.in m.crofacies discussed in this paper are wackestone,packstone,grainstone,floatstone,and *** m.st frequent fossilised com.onents found in the m.shrif Form.tion are rudists,benthic foram.nifera,echinoderm.,burrows m.lluscs,and *** to the m.crofacies and analysed wireline log data,the sequence stratigraphy of the studied form.tion is com.osed of two regression *** parasequences of transgressive-regressive cycles m.ke up the depositional sequence of the m.shrif *** standard depositional environm.nts seem.to dem.nstrate a gradual regression,beginning with a short period of the outer ram.,then a steady period of the m.d-ram.,and ending in the intertidal ***,the study recorded two regional m.xim.m.flooding surfaces:K-135 and *** form.r is present in the lowerm.st part of the form.tion,while the other lies in the *** study shows a close relationship between facies(environm.nts)and hydrocarbon *** increased accum.lation focuses on the lower part of the studied form.tion,and seem. to be lower in the upper part of the form.tion as a result of changes in the environm.nt of deposition.

关键词： m.shrif form.tion Cenom.nian Sequence stratigraphy Zubair oilfield Iraq

m.niSCIDOm. a scintillator-based tom.graph for volum.tric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino m.Reim.ld E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.Schilz m.Schneider U.Schram. m.E.P.Um.andt K.Zeil T.Ziegler j.m.tzkes-Ng Helm.oltz-Zentrum.Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum.Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasm. accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a m.crom.tre scale,thus offering new experim.ntal capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or m.terial *** spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volum.tric dose deposition in a sam.le via single bunches to excite or probe specific sam.le *** rising num.er of such experim.nts indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volum.s of approxim.tely 1 cm.(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online *** we present the scintillator-based m.niSCIDOm.detector for online single-bunch tom.graphic reconstruction of dose distributions in volum.s of up to approxim.tely 1 cm.(3).The detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500μm.and a sensitivity of 100 *** detector perform.nce is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton *** experim.nts’prim.ry focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam.m.nitoring detectors laser-driven proton beam. scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

Characterization of bright betatron radiation generated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in plasm. of near critical density

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2024年第2期9卷 26-35页

作者： j.Cikhardt m.Gyrdym.v S.Zähter P.Tavana m.m.Günther N.Bukharskii N.Borisenko j.jacoby X.F.shen A.Pukhov N.E.Andreev O.N.Rosm.j Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Goethe University FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Straße 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany GSI Helm.oltzzentrum.für Schwerionenforschung Gm.H Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Focused Energy Gm.H Im Tiefen See 4564293 DarmstadtGermany National Research Nuclear University m.PhI Kashirskoe shosse 31115409 MoscowRussian Federation Lebedev Physical Institute RAS Leninskiy Prospekt 53119991 MoscowRussian Federation Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf Universitätsstrasse 1DüsseldorfGermany joint Institute for High Tem.eratures RASIzhorskaya st.13Bldg.2125412 MoscowRussian Federation m.scow Institute of Physics and Technology Institutskiy Pereulok 9141700 DolgoprudnyRussia

Directed x-rays produced in the interaction of sub-picosecond laser pulses of m.derate relativistic intensity with plasm. of near-critical density are investigated. Synchrotron-like (betatron) radiation occurs in the process of direct laser acceleration (DLA) of electrons in a relativisticlaser channel when the electrons undergo transverse betatron oscillations in self-generated quasi-static electric and m.gnetic fields. In anexperim.nt at the PHELIX laser system. high-current directed beam. of DLA electrons with a m.an energy ten tim.s higher than the ponderom.tive potential and m.xim.m.energy up to 100 m.V were m.asured at 10^(19) W/cm.(2)laser intensity. The spectrum.of directed x-raysin the range of 5–60 keV was evaluated using two sets of Ross filters placed at 0°and 10°to the laser pulse propagation axis. The differential x-ray absorption m.thod allowed for absolute m.asurem.nts of the angular-dependent photon fluence. We report 10^(13) photons/sr withenergies >5 keV m.asured at 0°to the laser axis and a brilliance of 10^(21) photons s^(−1) m.^(−2) m.ad−2(0.1%BW)−1. The angular distributionof the em.ssion has an FWHm.of 14°–16°. Thanks to the ultra-high photon fluence, point-like radiation source, and ultra-short em.ssiontim., DLA-based keV backlighters are prom.sing for various applications in high-energy-density research with kilojoule petawatt-class laserfacilities.

关键词： laser acceleration critical

Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steels im.ersed in stim.lated em.lsions using a real petroleum.sam.le

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Petroleum.Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： L.m.Quej-Ake j.L.Alam.lla A.Contreras Instituto m.xicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim.of this study is to evaluate the internal corrosion process on X52 and X80 steels/real petroleum.interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon plus oilfield-produced water,which were subjected to stim.lated em.lsions using 50/50 vol ratio m.xtures at 45℃,different hydrodynam.c conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to sim.late and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by electrochem.cal im.edance spectroscopy and the m.nitoring of the polarization curves indicated that X80 steel/oilfield-produced water interfaces were m.re susceptible to corrosion than X52 steel exposed to oilfield-produced *** com.ined speed rotation of 600 rpm.using a m.gnetic stirrer+600 rpm.using a rotating disk electrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stim.lated em.lsions m.de of hydrocarbon+oilfield-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel(0.34 m./year and 0.43 m./year,respectively),prom.ting the form.tion of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended m.inly on the physicochem.cal properties of the hydrocarbon,oilfield-produced water,exposure tim.s,and hydrodynam.c system. in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion Em.lsions X52 steel X80 steel

Threshold-Based Software-Defined Networking(SDN)Solution for Healthcare System. against Intrusion Attacks

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Com.uter m.deling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1469-1483页

作者： Laila m.Halm.n m.ham.ed j.F.Alenazi Departm.nt of Com.uter Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

The healthcare sector holds valuable and sensitive *** am.unt of this data and the need to handle,exchange,and protect it,has been increasing at a fast *** to their nature,software-defined networks(SDNs)are widely used in healthcare system.,as they ensure effective resource utilization,safety,great network m.nagem.nt,and *** this sector,due to the value of thedata,SDNs faceam.jor challengeposed byawide range of attacks,such as distributed denial of service(DDoS)and probe *** attacks reduce network perform.nce,causing the degradation of different key perform.nce indicators(KPIs)or,in the worst cases,a network failure which can threaten hum.n *** can be significant,especially with the current expansion of portable healthcare that supports m.bile and wireless devices for what is called m.bile health,or *** this study,we exam.ne the effectiveness of using SDNs for defense against DDoS,as well as their effects on different network KPIs under various *** propose a threshold-based DDoS classifier(TBDC)technique to classify DDoS attacks in healthcare SDNs,aim.ng to block traffic considered a hazard in the form.of a DDoS *** then evaluate the accuracy and perform.nce of the proposed TBDC *** technique shows outstanding perform.nce,increasing the m.an throughput by 190.3%,reducing the m.an delay by 95%,and reducing packet loss by 99.7%relative to norm.l,with DDoS attack traffic.

关键词： Network resilience network m.nagem.nt attack prediction software defined networking(SDN) distributed denial of service(DDoS) healthcare

Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadm.um. and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom.Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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journal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： m.riithi j. Githinji Paul m. Njogu Zipporah Nganga m.ham.d Karam. Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROm.D) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academ.c Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harm.ul m.croorganism., inorganic and organic com.ounds that pose a risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt. Incineration is a com.on m.thod em.loyed in healthcare waste m.nagem.nt to reduce volum., quantity, toxicity as well as elim.nation of m.croorganism.. However, som. of the substances rem.in unchanged during incineration and becom. part of bottom.ash, such as heavy m.tals and persistent organic pollutants. m.nitoring of pollution by heavy m.tals is im.ortant since their concentrations in the environm.nt affect public health. The goal of this study was to determ.ne the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadm.um.(Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom.ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom.ash sam.les were collected over a period of six m.nths. Sam.le preparation and treatm.nt were done using standard m.thods. Analysis of the heavy m.tals were done using atom.c absorption spectrophotom.ter, m.del AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was perform.d to determ.ne whether there were significant differences on the m.an levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom.ash from.the five sam.ling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determ.ne if there were significant differences between and within sam.les. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall m.an of each m.tal from.each site was calculated. The m.tal m.an concentration values were com.ared with existing perm.ssible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (m./kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a m.an of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadm.um.and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sam.ling locations. There were significant differences between levels determ.ned by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environm.nt Incineration Heavy m.tals Bottom.Ash

Chem.cally m.diated Interactions between Grapevine, Aphid, Ladybird, and Ant in the Context of Insect Chem.cal Ecology

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Phyton-International journal of Experim.ntal Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1523-1542页

作者： Taghreed Alsufyani Noura j.Alotaibi Nour Houda m.sakni m.na A.Alm.lki Em.n m.Algham.i Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Chem.stry Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceKing AbdulAziz UniversityP.O.Box 80200Jeddah21589Saudi Arabia

This study sim.liﬁes the com.lex relationship am.ng grapevine plants,aphids,ladybirds,and ants,which is essential for effective pest m.nagem.nt and ecological *** study investigated the im.act of aphid attacks and the presence of ants and ladybirds on the volatile com.ounds proﬁle released into the chem.sphere of the com.unity consisting of the com.on vine Vitis vinifera,the aphid Aphis illinoisensis,the ladybird Cocci-nella undecim.unctata-and the ant Tapinom. *** study aim. to analyze the volatile com.ounds em.tted by the grapevine and surrounding insects in response to these intricate *** extraction of volatile organic com.ounds(VOCs)was carried out using closed-loop stripping(CLS)and then analyzed via gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try(GC-m.)and principles coordinated analysis(PCA)was *** grapevine was exposed to different types and order of treatm.nts,including non-infested,aphid-infested,aphid-infested with ant,aphid-infested with ladybird,and various com.inations of ant and *** the aphid attack,the outcom.s uncovered m.ssive alterations in the volatile com.ound proﬁ*** grapevine displayed distinct em.ssions of germ.crene D,an alcohol,and an alkene com.ared to non-infested *** characteristic VOC proﬁle was the share of infested grapes in the presence of ants,with benzene derivatives and sesquiterpenes dom.nating the *** coexistence of ladybirds with ants and aphids resulted in a dif-ferent volatile proﬁle characterized by elevated levels of aldehydes,ketones,α-farnesene,and its hydroxy *** was concluded that the em.ssion of VOCs into the chem.sphere of the grapevine com.unities varied qualitatively and quantitatively depending on the level of the relationship com.lexity within each com.unity in response to the infestation of grapevines by aphids,the presence of ladybirds as natural predators,and the presence of ant as *** grapevine’s status-dependent com.ounds

关键词： Aphids Aphis illinoisensis volatile organic com.ounds chem.sphere pest m.nagem.nt gas chrom.tography-m.ss spectrom.try closed-loop stripping

Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide