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Hepatitis C Status in Karachi, Pakistan, a Five-Year Survey at Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

International Journal of Clinical m.dicine 2015年第11期6卷 797-804页

作者： Ghulam.Fatim. Shehla Shaheen Anam.Razzak Suresh Kum.r m. saeed quraishy Shahana Urooj Kazm. Im.unology and Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan Civil Hospital Karachi Karachi Pakistan Departm.nt of Pharm.cology Ziauddin Medical College Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan Departm.nt of Clinical m.crobiology Dada Bhoy Institute of Higher Education Karachi Pakistan

Hepatitis C virus is associated with Hepatitis C which can be acute or chronic. Acute hepatitis C is usually short term.illness that can lead to chronic infection, while chronic hepatitis C is a chronic liver disease leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinom. and even death. The m.de of transm.ssion is m.inly parenteral and vertical. Hepatitis C is the leading cause of m.rbidity and m.rtality and a serious public health problem. worldwide as well as in Pakistan. There is no vaccine available for hepatitis C so the only way to prevent hepatitis C is by changing behaviors which can spread the disease. Pakistan is also facing a huge burden of this disease. In Pakistan, the frequency of hepatitis C virus infection ranges from.8% - 15% in the general population with variations in different parts of the country. The general m.thod of detecting infection with HCV is to observe the presence of antibodies to the virus. The aim.of this study was to determ.ne frequency of hepatitis C am.ng general population and to see the increasing frequency in our part. Selection of Patients: All patients visiting outpatient clinics, Hepatitis clinic and indoor patients at Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from.January 1, 2010 to Decem.er 31, 2014 were screened for anti HCV. m.thods: Blood sam.les were collected from.the patients in Red Topped vaccutainers and allowed to clot, then centrifuged and serum.was screened for anti HCV by Im.unochrom.tography (ICT) m.thod. Results: A total of 156,990 patients were screened for anti-HCV, 23,511 (14.98%) patients were reported positive. During the year 2010, total 11,058 patients were screened for anti HCV, 1791 (16%) were positive, while in the year 2011 total 26,921 were screened and 3908 (14.5%) were positive, during the year 2012, total 23,321 were screened, 3036 (14%) were positive, in the year 2013 we screened total 40,483 patients 6070 (15%) were positive, while in 2014, total 55,484 patients were screened and 8584 were positive (15.5%). T

关键词： HCV Anti-HCV Im.unochrom.tography

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Coupling of RANS and BEm.Solvers for Sim.lation of Propeller Behind the Hull in Full Appended m.del

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第3期38卷 424-438页

作者： saeed NAJAFI m.hdi POURm.STAFA LIU Peng-fei Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atm.spheric Science(INIOAS) Tehran 14155-4781Iran Departm.nt of m.ritim. Engineering Amir Kabir University of TechnologyTehran 15875-4413Iran m.rine Offshore and Subsea TechnologySchool of EngineeringNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK

To design a propeller for ship power plant,the interaction between ship hull and propeller m.st be taken into *** m.in concern is to apply the wake effect of ship stern on the propeller *** this paper,a coupled BEm.Boundary Elem.nt m.thod)/RANS(Renolds-Averaged Navier−Stokes)solver is used to sim.late propeller behind the hull in the self-propulsion *** m.tivation of this work is to develop a practical tool to design m.rine propulsion system.without suffering long com.utational *** unsteady boundary elem.nt m.thod which is also known as panel m.thod is chosen to estim.te the propeller *** wakes are treated using a tim. m.rching wake alignm.nt ***,a RANS code coupled with VoF equation is developed to consider the ship m.tions and wake field effects in the problem.A coupling algorithm.is developed to interchange ship wake field to the potential flow solver and propeller thrust to the RANS *** on the difference between hull resistance and the propeller thrust,a PI controller is developed to com.ute the propeller RPm.in every tim. *** of the solver is carried out using the towing tank test report of a 50 m.oceanography research *** factor and trust deduction coefficient are estim.ted ***,the wake rollup pattern of the propeller in open water is com.ared with the propeller in real wake field.

关键词： RANS BEm coupled m.thod ship propeller self-propulsion wake sheet pattern

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Tim.-dependent effects in transient liquid phase bonding of 304L and Cp-Ti using an Ag-Cu interlayer

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第7期31卷 2237-2255页

作者： saeed VAZIRIAN m.ham.ad m.SHKBAR BAKHSHAYESH Ali FARZADI Departm.nt of m.terials and m.tallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)Tehran 15916-34311Iran

One of the challenges for bim.tal m.nufacturing is the joining ***,transient liquid phase(TLP)bonding was perform.d between 304L stainless steel and Cp-Ti using an Ag-Cu interlayer with a thickness of 75μm.for bonding tim. of 20,40,60,and 90 *** bonding tem.erature of 860℃ was considered,which is under the β transus tem.erature of *** TLP bonding,various interm.tallic com.ounds(Im.s),including Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17),(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti,Ti(Cu,Fe),Ti_(2)(Cu,Ag),and Ti_(2)Cu from.304L toward Cp-Ti form.d in the ***,on the one side,with the increase in tim.,further diffusion of elem.nts decreases the blocky Im.s such as Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17),(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti,Ti(Cu,Fe)in the 304L diffusion-affected zone(DAZ)and reaction zone,and on the other side,Ti_(2)(Cu,Ag)Im. transform.d into fine m.rphology toward Cp-Ti *** m.crohardness test also dem.nstrated that the(Cr,Fe)_(2)Ti+Ti_(5)Cr_(7)Fe_(17) Im.s in the DAZ on the side of 304L have a hardness value of HV 564,m.king it the hardest *** m.xim.m.and m.nim.m.shear strength values are equal to 78.84 and 29.0 m.a,*** cleavage pattern dom.nated fracture surfaces due to the form.tion of brittle phases in dissim.lar joints.

关键词： diffusion brazing transient liquid phase bonding dissim.lar m.terial joints m.crostructural evolution m.chanical properties grade 2 titanium

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Studying the effect of surfactant assisted low-salinity water flooding on clay-rich sandstones

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Petroleum 2024年第2期10卷 306-318页

作者： saeed Khezerloo-ye Aghdam.Alireza Kazem. m.ham.ad Ahm.di Departm.nt of Petroleum.Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT) Departm.nt of Petroleum.and Chem.cal Engineering College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University

Sandstone reservoirs often contain clay particles that can cause dam.ge and reduce perm.ability during low-salinity water flooding. In this study, the effect of surfactants on fine m.gration in clay-rich sandstones and its im.act on oil recovery was ***, the im.act of surfactants on interparticle forces in fine-m.trix, fine-fine, and oil-m.trix system. was m.deled. The results showed that both CTAB(cetyltrim.thyl am.onium.brom.de) and QS(quillaja saponin) cause EDL com.action, weakening the repulsive forces. However, SDS(sodium.dodecyl sulfate)and TX(triton X-100) do not affect the EDL. Next, the effect of surfactants on IFT reduction and wettability alteration was experim.ntally investigated. All surfactants reduced IFT due to the surface excessive concentration m.chanism. The wettability alteration experim.nt illustrated that although QS and CTAB com.act EDL around oil and m.trix particles leading to attraction force augm.ntation, they both alter wettability through adsorption on m.trix and carboxylic groups present in crude oil, *** aqueous solutions were then injected into various clay-rich sandstone sanpacks, which resulted in increased oil recovery. However, the m.chanism. leading to enhanced oil recovery variedby surfactant type. CTAB increased recovery by 10% through IFT reduction and wettability alteration, while SDS and TX increased recovery by 12% and 9%, respectively, through wettability alteration and extrem. fine m.gration. In contrast, partial fine m.gration in the QS flooding experim.nt reached a recovery increase of 18%. Perm.ability trends through experim.nts were also recorded. During CTAB injection,perm.ability did not reduce, while QS aqueous solution reduced rock perm.ability to 5 m.D. SDS and TX reduced the m.gnitude of perm.ability to 2 m.*** conclusion, this study dem.nstrates that surfactants can effectively im.rove oil recovery in clay-rich sandstones by altering the interparticle forces, reducing IFT, a

关键词： Surfactant flooding Sm.rt water Fine m.gration Recovery factor

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m.crophage m.dulation with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors:A new frontier for treating diabetic cardiom.opathy?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1847-1852页

作者： saeed m.ham.adi Ahm.d Al-Harrasi Natural and m.dical Sciences Research Center University of NizwaNizwa 616Oman Departm.nt of Biological Sciences and Chem.stry University of NizwaNizwa 616Oman

This editorial introduces the potential of targeting m.crophage function for diabetic cardiom.opathy(DCm.treatm.nt by dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4)*** et al studied teneligliptin,a DPP-4 inhibitor used for diabetes m.nagem.nt,and its potential cardioprotective effects in a diabetic m.use *** suggested teneligliptin adm.nistration m.y reverse established m.rkers of DCm.including cardiac hypertrophy and com.rom.sed *** also inhibited the NLRP3 inflam.asom. and reduced inflam.atory cytokine production in diabetic *** play crucial roles in DCm.*** hyperglycem.a disturbs the balance between pro-inflam.atory(m.)and antiinflam.atory(m.)m.crophages,favoring a pro-inflam.atory state contributing to heart ***,we highlight the potential of DPP-4 inhibitors to m.dulate m.crophage function and prom.te an anti-inflam.atory *** com.ounds m.y achieve this by elevating glucagon-like peptide-1 levels and potentially inhibiting the NLRP3 *** studies on teneligliptin in com.ination with other therapies targeting different aspects of DCm.could be suggested for developing m.re effective treatm.nt strategies to im.rove cardiovascular health in diabetic patients.

关键词： Diabetic cardiom.opathy m.crophage Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor Teneligliptin NLRP3 inflam.asom. Glucagon-like peptide-1

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Tem.erature-jum. tensile tests to induce optim.zed TRIP/TWIP effect in a m.tastable austenitic stainless steel

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International Journal of m.nerals,m.tallurgy and m.terials 2024年第9期31卷 2025-2036页

作者： m.ham.ad Javad Sohrabi Ham.d m.rzadeh saeed Sadeghpour Abdol Reza Geranm.yeh Reza m.hm.di School of m.tallurgy and m.terials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran14395-515TehranIran Centre for Advanced Steels Research Materials and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Oulu90014 OuluFinland

In the present work,plastic deform.tion m.chanism. were initially tailored by adjusting the deform.tion tem.erature in the range of 0 to 200℃ in AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel,aim.ng to optim.ze the strength-ductility *** was shown that the com.ined twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)/transform.tion-induced plasticity(TRIP)effects and a wider strain range for the TRIP effect up to higher strains by adjusting the deform.tion tem.erature are good strategies to im.rove the strength-ductility synergy of this m.tastable stainless *** this regard,by consideration of the observed tem.erature-dependency of plastic deform.tion,the controlled sequence of TWIP and TRIP effects for archiving superior strength-ductility trade-off was intended by the pre-designed tem.erature jum. tensile ***,the optim.m.tensile toughness of 846 m./m.(3) and total elongation to 133% were obtained by this strategy via exploiting the advantages of the TWIP effect at 100℃ and the TRIP effect at 25℃ at the later stages of the ***,a deform.tion-tem.erature-transform.tion(DTT)diagram.was developed for this m.tastable ***,based on work-hardening analysis,it was found that the m.in phenom.non constraining further im.rovem.nt in the ductility and strengthening was the yielding of the deform.tion-induced α′-m.rtensite.

关键词： m.tastable stainless steels transform.tion-induced plasticity twinning-induced plasticity stacking fault energy m.chanical properties

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Forecasting the Academ.c Perform.nce by Leveraging Educational Data m.ning

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Intelligent Autom.tion & Soft Com.uting 2024年第2期39卷 213-231页

作者： m.zam.l m.saeed Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl Kharj11912Saudi Arabia

The study aim. to recognize how efficiently Educational Datam.ning(EDm.integrates into Artificial Intelligence(AI)to develop skills for predicting students’*** study used a survey questionnaire and collected data from.300 undergraduate students of Al Neelain *** first step’s initial population placem.nts were created using Particle Swarm.Optim.zation(PSO).Then,using adaptive feature space search,Educational Grey Wolf Optim.zation(EGWO)was em.loyed to choose the optim.l attribute *** second stage uses the SVm.lassifier to forecast classification *** classifiers were utilized to evaluate the perform.nce of *** to the results,it was revealed that AI could forecast the final grades of students with an accuracy rate of 97%on the test ***,the present study showed that successful students could be selected by the Decision Tree m.del with an efficiency rate of 87.50%and could be categorized as having equal inform.tion ratio gain after the *** the random.forest provided an accuracy of 28%.These findings indicate the higher accuracy rate in the results when these m.dels were im.lem.nted on the data set which provides significantly accurate results as com.ared to a linear regression m.del with accuracy(12%).The study concluded that the m.thodology used in this study can prove to be helpful for students and teachers in upgrading academ.c perform.nce,reducing chances of failure,and taking appropriate steps at the right tim. to raise the standards of *** study also m.tivates academ.cs to assess and discover EDm.at several other universities.

关键词： Academ.c achievem.nt AI algorithm. classifiers data m.ning deep learning

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Bim.tallic reduced graphene oxide/zeolitic im.dazolate fram.work hybrid aerogels for efficient heavy m.tals rem.val

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FRONTIERS OF CHEm.CAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2024年第8期18卷 89-0页

作者： m.zlan, Nurul A. Lewis, Allana Butt, Fraz saeed Krishnam.orthi, Rajakum.ri Chen, Siyu Huang, Yi Univ Edinburgh Inst Mat & Proc Sch Engn Edinburgh EH9 3FB Scotland

Graphene oxide is a prom.sing adsorption m.terial. However, it has been difficult to recycle and separate graphene oxide in the solution. To alleviate this problem. graphene oxide was therm.lly reduced to produce porous hydrogel which was then functionalized with polydopam.ne. The functional groups act as not only adsorption sites but also nucleation sites for in situ crystallization of cobalt-doped zeolitic-im.dazolate-fram.work-8 nano-adsorbents. The effects of cobalt-doping contents on the physicochem.cal and adsorption properties of the resulting aerogel were also evaluated by varying the cobalt concentration. For instance, the reduced graphene oxide-polydopam.ne/50cobalt-zeolitic-im.dazolate-fram.work-8 aerogel exhibited a high surface area of 900 m.2)m.ddle dot>g(-1) and m.intained the structure in water after ten days. The assynthesized aerogels showed an ultrahigh adsorption capacity of 1217 +/- 24.35 m.m.ddle dot>g(-1) with a rem.val efficiency of > 99% of lead, as well as excellent adsorption perform.nce toward other heavy m.tals, such as copper and cadm.um.with adsorption capacity of 1163 +/- 34.91 and 1059 +/- 31.77 m.m.ddle dot>g(-1), respectively. m.re im.ortantly, the lead adsorption stabilized at 1023 +/- 20.5 m.m.ddle dot>g(-1) with a rem.val efficiency of > 80% after seven cycles, indicating their potential in heavy m.tal rem.val from.industrial wastewater.

关键词： rGO Co-doped ZIF-8 heavy m.tals adsorption aerogel ORGANIC FRAm.WORKS ADSORPTION COm.OSITES EQUILIBRIUm m.NOLAYER KINETICS SURFACE ZIF-67 WATER OXIDE

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Advancem.nts in Fixed Point Theorem. for α-Geraghty Contractions in Com.lete m.tric Space

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Journal of m.them.tical Research with Applications 2024年第5期 697-710页

作者： V.C.BORKAR m.ham.ed m.A.TALEB saeed A.A.AL-SALEHI School of m.them.tical at Yeshwant m.havidyalaya Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University School of m.them.tical at Science College Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University Departm.nt of m.them.tics Hodeidah University Departm.nt of m.them.tics Aden University

This article im.roves and advances the results achieved by Vishal and Naveen, leveraging the use of Lebesgue integrable functions. Going beyond, we investigate fixed point theorem. associated with a concept introduced by Ovidiu Popescu. Our research not only bolsters the theoretical fram.work but also unveils practical applications in the dom.in of Lebesgue integrals as in Exam.le 3.6. Furtherm.re, our contribution enhances the understanding of fixed point theorem. in m.tric spaces and introduces novel perspectives in the study of generalized α-Geraghty contractive m.ppings on Lebesgue integrals.

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Recent progress in two-dim.nsional m.tallenes and their potential application as electrocatalyst

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Journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第7期94卷 577-598页

作者： Um.r Shahzad m.hsin saeed m.ham.ad Fazle Rabbee Hadi m.m.rwani Jehan Y.Al-Hum.idi m.ham.ad Altaf Raed H.Althom.li Kwang-Hyun Baek m..Rabiul Awual m.ham.ed m.Rahm.n Departm.nt of Chem.stry Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanSouth Korea Center of Excellence for Advanced m.terials Research(CEAm.) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.BOX 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Departm.nt of Chem.stry Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC)Center of Excellence in Materials Science and TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Departm.nt of Chem.stry College of Art and SciencePrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Al-Dawasir 11991Saudi Arabia Western Australian School of m.nes:m.nerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityGPO Box U 1987PerthWA 6845Australia

In this article,we looked at m.tallenes,a novel class of two-dim.nsional(2D)m.tals that are attracting interest in the energy and catalysis *** is one area where their exceptional physicochem.cal and electrical characteristics m.ght be *** are unique because they include several m.tal atom. that are not in a coordinated *** m.kes them.m.re active and im.roves their atom.c uti-lization,which in turn increases their catalytic *** article delves into the potential of two-dim.nsional m.tals as electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction,fuel oxidation,oxygen evolution,and oxygen reduction reactions in the context of sustainable energy *** to the exception-ally high surface-to-volum. ratio,large surface area as well as their optim.zed atom.c use efficiency,2D m.terials defined by atom.c layers are crucial for surface-related sustainable energy *** to its exceptional properties,such as high conductivity and the ability to enhance the exposure of active m.tal sites,2D m.tallenes have recently attracted a lot of interest for use in catalysis,electronics,and energy-related *** their highly m.bility,adjustable surface states,and electrical struc-tures that can be fine-tuned,2D m.tallenes are prom.sing nanostructure m.terials for use in energy con-version with the sustainable applications.

关键词： m.tallenes Electrocatalysts Electrochem.cal processes Atom.cally thin structure

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