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Exact Solutions of the Dir.c Equation for.an Electr.n in a m.gnetic Field with Shape Invar.ant m.thod

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2008年第11期25卷 3848-3851页

作者： m. r. Setar. O. Hatam. Depar.m.nt of Science University of Kurdistan Pasdaran Ave. Sanandaj Iran

Based on the shape invar.ance pr.per.y we obtain exact solutions oI the Dir.c equation for.an electr.n m.ving in the pr.sence of a cer.ain var.ing m.gnetic field, then we also show its non-r.lativistic lim.t.

关键词： the power.law exponents pr.cipitation dur.tive abr.pt pr.cipitation change

A Br.ef Study on the Ignition of the Non-Ther.0}l Atm.spher.c Pr.ssur. Plasm. Jet fr.m.a Double Dielectr.c Bar.ier.Configur.d Plasm. Pencil

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Plasm. Science and Technology 2013年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Asm. BEGUm.m.unir.LAr.USSI m. r. PEr.EZ School of Engineer.ng and Com.uter.Science Independent UniversityDhaka Bangladesh Depar.m.nt of Electr.cal and Com.uter.Engineer.ng Old Dominion UniversityUSA Depar.m.nt of Physics Master Mind CollegeDhaka Bangladesh

To under.tand the self sustained pr.pagation of the plasm. jet/bullet in air.under.atm.spher.c pr.ssur., the ignition of the plasm. jet/bullet, the plasm. jet/bullet ignition point in the plasm. pencil, the for.0}tion tim. and the for.0}tion cr.ter.a fr.m.a dielectr.c bar.ier.configur.d plasm. pencil wer. investigated in this study. The r.sults wer. confir.0}d by com.ar.ng these r.sults with the plasm. jet ignition pr.cess in the plasm. pencil without a dielectr.c bar.ier. Electr.cal, optical, and im.ging techniques wer. used to study the for.0}tion of the plasm. jet fr.m.the ignition of dischar.e in a double dielectr.c bar.ier.configur.d plasm. pencil. The investigation r.sults show that the plasm. jet for.0} at the outlet of the plasm. pencil as a donut shaped dischar.e fr.nt because of the electr.c field line along the outlet＇s sur.ace. It is shown that the r.quir.d tim. for.the for.0}tion of the plasm. jet changes with the input voltage of the dischar.e. The input power.calculation for.the gap dischar.e and for.the whole system.shows that 56% of the aver.ge input power.is used by the fir.t gap dischar.e. The estim.ted electr.n density inside the gap dischar.e is in the or.er.of 1011 cm.-3. If helium.is used as a feeding gas, a m.nim.m.1.48× 10^-8 C char.e is r.quir.d per.pulse in the gap dischar.e to gener.te a plasm. jet.

关键词： plasm. jet/bullet bullet for.0}tion dielectr.c bar.ier.dischar.e non-ther.0}latm.spher.c pr.ssur. plasm.

Developm.nt of a r.r.faction wave at dischar.e initiation in a stor.ge silo--DEm.sim.lations

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Par.icuology 2018年第1期16卷 37-49页

作者： r. Kobylka J. Hor.bik m. m.lenda Institute of Agr.physics Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Doswiadczalna 4 20-290 Lublin Poland

The gener.tion of a r.r.faction wave at the initiation of dischar.e fr.m.a stor.ge silo is a phenom.non of scientific and pr.ctical inter.st. The effect, som.tim.s ter.0}d the dynam.c pr.ssur. switch, m.y cr.ate danger.us pulsations of the stor.ge str.ctur.. Owing to the nonlinear.ty, discontinuity, and heter.geneity of gr.nular.system., the m.chanism.of gener.tion and pr.pagation of str.ss waves is com.lex and not yet com.letely under.tood. The pr.sent study conducted discr.te elem.nt sim.lations to m.del the for.0}tion and pr.pagation of a r.r.faction wave in a gr.nular.m.ter.al contained in a silo. m.deling was per.or.0}d for.a flat-bottom.cylindr.cal container.with diam.ter.of 0.1 or.0.12 m.and height of 0.5 m. The effects of the or.fice size and the shape of the initial dischar.ing im.ulse on the shape and extent of the r.r.faction wave wer. exam.ned. Positions, velocities, and for.es of par.icles wer. r.cor.ed ever. 10-5 s and used to infer.the location of the fr.nt of the r.r.faction wave and loads on constr.ction m.m.er.. Dischar.e thr.ugh the entir. bottom.of the bin gener.tes a plane r.r.faction wave that m.y be followed by a com.action wave, depending on the dischar.e r.te. Dischar.e thr.ugh the or.fice gener.tes a spher.cal r.r.faction wave that, after.r.flection fr.m.the silo wall, tr.vels up the silo as a sequence of r.r.faction-com.action cycles with constant wavelength equal to the silo diam.ter. Dur.ng the tr.vel of the wave along the bin height, the wave am.litude incr.ases with the distance tr.veled. Sim.lations confir.0}d ear.ier.findings of labor.tor. and num.r.cal （finite elem.nt m.thod） exper.m.nts and a theor.tical appr.ach, estim.ting the speed of the fr.nt of the r.r.faction wave to r.nge fr.m.70 to 80 m.s and the speed of the tail to r.nge fr.m.20 to 60 m.s.

关键词： Gr.nular.flow Dynam.c pr.ssur. switch Discr.te elem.nt m.thod Silo dischar.e Str.ss wave r.r.faction wave

Upshot of ohm.cally dissipated Dar.y-For.hheim.r.slip flow of m.gnetohydr.dynam.c Sutter.y fluid over.r.diating linear.y str.tched sur.ace in view of Cash and Car. m.thod

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2019年第6期40卷 861-876页

作者： S. BILAL m. SOHAIL r. NAZ m. Y. m.LIK m. ALGHAm.I Depar.m.nt of m.them.tics Air UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Depar.m.nt of Applied m.them.tics and Statistics Institute of Space TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Depar.m.nt of m.them.tics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

The pr.sent wor. concer.s the m.m.ntum.and heat tr.nsm.ssion of the electr.-m.gnetohydr.dynam.c (E-m.D) boundar. layer.Dar.y-For.hheim.r.flow of a Sutter.y fluid over.a linear.str.tching sheet with slip. The nonlinear.equations for.the pr.posed m.del ar. analyzed num.r.cally. Suitable techniques ar. used to tr.nsfor.0}the coupled nonlinear.par.ial differ.ntial equations (PDEs) confor.0}ng to the for.ed balance law, ener.y, and concentr.tion equations into a nonlinear.coupled system.of or.inar. differ.ntial equations (ODEs). Num.r.cal solutions of the tr.nsfor.0}d nonlinear.system.ar. obtained using a shooting m.thod, im.r.ved by the Cash and Car. coefficients. The influence of im.or.ant physical var.ables on the velocity, the tem.er.tur., the heat flux coefficient, and the skin-fr.ction coefficient is ver.fied and analyzed thr.ugh gr.phs and tables. Fr.m.the com.r.hensive analysis of the pr.sent wor., it is concluded that by intensifying the m.gnitude of the Har.m.nn num.er. the m.m.ntum.distr.bution decays, wher.as the ther.0}l pr.file of fluid incr.ases. Fur.her.0}r., it is also shown that by aug- m.nting the values of the m.m.ntum.slip par.m.ter. the velocity pr.file dim.nishes. It is found that the Sutter.y fluid m.del shows shear.thickening and shear.thinning behavior.. The m.m.ntum.pr.file shows that the m.gnitude of velocity for.the shear.thickening case is dom.nant as com.ar.d with the shear.thinning case. It is also dem.nstr.ted that the Sutter.y fluid m.del r.duces to a Newtonian m.del by fixing the fluid par.m.ter.to zer.. In view of the lim.ting case, it is established that the sur.ace dr.g in the case of the Sutter.y m.del shows a tr.fling patter. as com.ar.d with the classical case.

关键词： Sutter.y fluid ther.0}l and m.m.ntum slip shooting m.thod ohm.c dissipation Dar.y-For.hheim.r law Cash and Car. m.thod

Heter.geneity of m.tur. oligodendr.cytes in the centr.l ner.ous system

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam.m.r.Gr.h m.ein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Str.tton G.r.Wayne m.or. Jack P.Antel Neur.im.unology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Depar.m.nt of Neur.logy Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

m.tur. oligodendr.cytes for.0}m.elin sheaths that ar. cr.cial for.the insulation of axons and efficient signal tr.nsm.ssion in the centr.l ner.ous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static m.tur. oligodendr.cyte and r.vealed a gam.t of dynam.c functions such as the ability to m.dulate neur.nal cir.uitr. and pr.vide m.tabolic suppor. to *** the r.cognition of potential heter.geneity in m.tur. oligodendr.cyte function,a com.r.hensive sum.ar. of m.tur. oligodendr.cyte diver.ity is *** delve into ear.y 20th-centur. studies by r.ber.son and r.o-Hor.ega that laid the foundation for.the m.der. identification of r.gional and m.r.hological heter.geneity in m.tur. ***,r.cent m.r.hologic and functional studies call into question the long-assum.d hom.geneity of m.tur. oligodendr.cyte function thr.ugh the identification of distinct subtypes with var.ing m.elination ***,m.der. m.lecular.investigations,em.loying techniques such as single cell/nucleus r.A sequencing,consistently unveil at least six m.tur. oligodendr.cyte subpopulations in the hum.n centr.l ner.ous system.that ar. highly tr.nscr.ptom.cally diver.e and var. with centr.l ner.ous system.*** and disease r.lated m.tur. oligodendr.cyte var.ation denotes the im.act of pathological conditions such as m.ltiple scler.sis,Alzheim.r.s disease,and psychiatr.c ***,caution is war.anted when subclassifying m.tur. oligodendr.cytes because of the sim.lification needed to m.ke conclusions about cell identity fr.m.tem.or.lly confined *** studies lever.ging advanced techniques like spatial tr.nscr.ptom.cs and single-cell pr.teom.cs pr.m.se a m.r. nuanced under.tanding of m.tur. oligodendr.cyte *** r.sear.h avenues that pr.cisely evaluate m.tur. oligodendr.cyte heter.geneity with car. to under.tand the m.tigating influence of species,sex,centr.l ner.ous system.r.gion,age,and disease,

关键词： aging centr.l ner.ous system.diseases electr.n m.cr.scopy heter.geneity im.unohistochem.str. m.elin sheath natur.l histor. neur.glia oligodendr.glia single-cell gene expr.ssion analysis

The effect of sur.ace r.ughness on claw and adhesive hair.per.or.0}nce in the dock beetle Gastr.physa vir.dula

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Insect Science 2011年第3期18卷 298-304页

作者： Jam.s m. r. Bullock Walter.Feder.e Depar.m.nt of Zoology University of Cambridge Downing Street Cambridge UK

Natur.l adhesive system. ar. adapted to attach to r.ugh sur.aces, but the under.ying m.chanism. have not been fully clar.fied. Attachm.nt for.es for.the beetle Gastr.physa vir.dula wer. r.cor.ed on epoxy casts of sur.aces with differ.nt r.ughness using a centr.fuge device. r.plicas wer. m.de of standar.ized polishing paper.with asper.ty sizes r.nging fr.m.0.05 to 30 μm.and of dock leaves （r.m.x obtusifolius）. Beetles adher.d with a safety factor.of up to 36 tim.s body weight on sm.oth substr.tes or.on casts of leaves of their.host plant. On the r.ugh substr.tes, for.es wer. m.ch lower.and a m.nim.m.at sm.ll scale r.ughness （0.05μm.asper.ty size, with a m.an safety factor.of S） was obser.ed. r.m.val of the claws led to a significant r.duction in for.e for.r.ugh substr.tes with asper.ty sizes ≥ 12 μm. Attachm.nt for.es of the hair. adhesive system.itself（without the claws） slightly incr.ased fr.m.sm.ll-scale to lar.e-scale sur.ace r.ughness, but r.m.ined below the level seen on the sm.oth substr.te. This is explained by the inability of setal tips to m.ke full contact to the sur.ace.

关键词： adhesion biom.chanics claws locom.tion r.ughness tr.bology

A m.de-Locked Soliton Er.ium.Doped Fiber.Laser.with a Single-Walled Car.on Nanotube Poly-Ethylene Oxide Film.Satur.ble Absor.er

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Chinese Physics Letter. 2014年第9期31卷 61-64页

作者： r. Z. r. r. r.sdin F. Ahm.d N. m. Ali r. m. Nor.N. r. Zulkepely S. W. Har.n H. Ar.f Depar.m.nt of Electr.cal Engineer.ng University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia Engineer.ng Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala -Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Physics Depar.m.nt University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603 Malaysia

We pr.sent a sim.le, com.act and low-cost m.de-locked er.ium.doped fiber.laser.（EDFL） using single-wm.ed car.on nanotubes （SWCNTs） em.edded in a poly-ethylene oxide （PEO） thin film.as a passive satur.ble absor.er. The film.is fabr.cated by using a pr.par.d hom.geneous SWCNT solution, which is m.xed with a diluted PEO solution and cast onto a glass Petr. dish to for.0} by evapor.tion, a thin film. The 50 μm.thick film.is sandwiched between two fiber.connector. to constr.ct a satur.ble absor.er. which is then integr.ted in an EDFL cavity to gener.te self-star.ed stable soliton pulses oper.ting at 1560.8nm. The soliton pulse star.s to lase at a pum. power.thr.shold of 12.3m. with a r.petition r.te of 11.21m.z, a pulse width of 1.02ps, an aver.ge output power.of 0.65 m. and a pulse ener.y of 57.98pJ.

关键词： SOLITONS r.SEAr.H FIBEr.laser. SINGLE walled car.on nanotubes Er.IUm POLYETHYLENE oxide THIN film. -- r.sear.h

Str.ctur.l,Optical,Antibacter.al and Antifungal Pr.per.ies of Zir.onia Nanopar.icles by Biobased Pr.tocol

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Jour.al of m.ter.als Science & Technology 2014年第8期30卷 782-790页

作者： S. Gowr. r. r.jiv Ganhi m. Sundr.r.jan Advanced Gr.en Chem.str. Lab Department of Industrial ChemistrySchool of Chemical SciencesAlagappa University

Biological entities and inor.anic m.ter.als have been in constant touch with each other.ever.since inception of life on *** m.thod has lots of m.r.ts such as not r.quir.ng com.lex pr.cedur.s,tem.late suppor.ing *** this wor.,Aloe ver. plant m.diated synthesis of tetr.gonal zir.onia nanopar.icles has been per.or.0}d and ther.0}gr.vim.tr.c and differ.ntial ther.0}l analysis（TG/DTA）,X-r.y diffr.ction（Xr.）,scanning electr.n m.cr.scopy（SEm. with ener.y disper.ive X-r.y spectr.scopy（EDX）,atom.c for.e m.cr.scopy（AFm.,ultr.violet—visible（UV—VIS） technique and Four.er.tr.nsfor.0}infr.r.d spectr.scopy（FTIr. have been pr.vided for.char.cter.zing the *** of hom.geneously distr.buted spher.cal zir.onia nanopar.icles of 50—100 nm.in size is *** antim.cr.bial and antifungal pr.per.ies ar. also investigated for.synthesis of zir.onia nanopar.icles and the tr.ated cotton by agar.diffusion m.thod against Staphylococcus aur.us and Escher.chia coli bacter.al pathogens and fungal str.ins Candida albicans and Asper.illus niger.r.spectively.

关键词： Zir.onia nanopar.icles Biosynthesis Aloe ver. Cotton Antibacter.al pr.per.y

Pr.diction and m.asur.m.nt of pollutant em.ssions in CNG fir.d inter.al com.ustion engine

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Jour.al of Natur.l Gas Chem.str. 2010年第5期19卷 539-547页

作者： m. m.nsha A. r. Saleem. Javed S. H Badar.m. Ghaur. Depar.m.nt of Chem.cal Engineer.ng University of Engineering ＆ Technology Lahore 5457 Pakistan Institute of Space Technology Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

In the pr.sent study, the detailed r.action m.chanism. wer. developed and Chem.in 4.1.1 was im.lem.nted to pr.dict the for.0}tion of pollutant species in com.r.ssed natur.l gas （CNG） fir.d inter.al com.ustion （IC） engine. The pr.posed m.chanism. wer. developed by coupling the EXGAS （an autom.tic m.chanism.gener.tion tool for.alkane oxidation） m.chanism. with the Leed＇s NOz m.chanism.（ver.ion 2.0）. The sim.lation r.sults of each pr.posed m.chanism.wer. validated by the exper.m.ntal m.asur.m.nts for.pr.files of tem.er.tur., pr.ssur. and pollutant species （CO, NOx）. The r.te of pr.duction analysis of each m.chanism.identified the im.or.ant r.actions in each m.chanism.which contr.buted to the for.0}tion of pollutant species. In spite of som. discr.pancies, the exper.m.ntal m.asur.m.nts indicate that m.chanism.IV （consisting of 208 r.actions and 78 species） showed closer.agr.em.nt for.each of the pr.dicted pr.files of tem.er.tur., pr.ssur. and pollutant species （CO, NOx）.

关键词： kinetic m.chanism r.te of pr.duction oxidation pollutant species