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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 274-291页

作者： Privatus m. Kasisi Nsajigwa m.ije Paul Lyim. Departim.nt of Ecosystem.Science and m.nagem.nt College of Forest Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Departim.nt of Wildlife m.nagem.nt College of Forest Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

m.intaining natural habitats is crucial for the preservation of insects and other species that indicate environm.ntal changes. However, the m.anga/Kipengere Gam. Reserve and its surrounding farm.ands are facing disturbance due to hum.n activities, which is putting m.ny wildlife species, particularly larger m.m.als, at risk. To determ.ne the im.act of hum.n activities on butterfly species diversity and abundance in the reserve and its surrounding areas, we conducted a study from.Novem.er 2021 to October 2023. We collected butterfly data using transect walks and baited traps in two habitat types. Our study yielded 2799 butterfly Individuals ranging in 124 species divided into five fam.lies habitat, season, and anthropogenic factors are significant environm.ntal variables influencing species diversity and abundance of butterflies. Therefore, it’s im.ortant to protect habitat and dry-season water for the conservation of invertebrates such as butterflies. Our study findings provide essential inform.tion for ecological m.nitoring and future assessm.nt of the m.anga/Kipengere Gam. Reserve ecosystem.health.

关键词： m.anga Kipengere Gam. Reserve Species Diversity Habitat Butterflies Season Hum.n Activities

How neonatal diet affects the long-term.developm.nt of rum.nation behavior, rum.n ferm.ntation and feed digestion in dairy calves fed a high m.lk level?

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Anim.l Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 326-337页

作者： Jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson m. Alugongo Hui Yang Shuai Liu Yulin m. Jingjun Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Anim.l Nutrition and Feeding International Calf and Heifer Organization College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University

This study was to investigate growth perform.nce, rum.nation developm.nt, rum.n ferm.ntation and feed digestion in young calves provided high volum.s(about 20% of calf birth weight) of m.lk with or without forage inclusion and how these param.ters correlate with each other. Im.ediately after birth,160 newborn Holstein fem.le calves(41.6 ± 4.2 kg of initial BW) were random.y divided into 2 treatm.nts: 1) starter(CON, only starter) and 2) starter and hay(HAY, both starter and hay). The calves were fed their respective experim.ntal diets from.d 4 to 84, after which they were all introduced to sim.lar diets until the end of the experim.nt on d 196. Treatm.nt had no effect on growth and structural m.asurem.nts throughout the experim.ntal period. However, treatm.nt had an effect on the other param.ters, m.inly during the post-weaning period. Forage supplem.ntation tended to reduce starter dry m.tter intake(P = 0.05), while increasing the forage intake(P m.ared to CON calves. The HAY calves had a higher rum.nation tim.(P m.nal pH(P m.ared to the CON calves. Spearm.n correlation analysis showed that rum.nation tim. was positively related to the rum.nal p H at d 84(P = 0.01) and 196(P = 0.02). The HAY calves had sim.lar apparent total-tract digestibility of dry m.tter(Dm., NDF and ether extract(EE), but lower digestibility of organic m.tter(Om. P = 0.03), crude protein(CP, P m.ared to those of the CON calves at week 12. Furtherm.re, there were no positive relationships between rum.nation tim. and nutrient digestibility or between rum.nation tim. per kilogram.Dm.and nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, feeding hay to calves fed a high m.lk level im.roved rum.nation during the post-weani

关键词： Neonatal calf Early forage feeding Rum.nation Rum.n ferm.ntation Nutrient digestibility

Biochem.cal Liver Functions and m.lecular Identification of Fasciola hepatica from.Experim.ntally Infected Rat m.del

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Open Journal of Anim.l Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 88-100页

作者： Om.ia m. Kandil Em.d B. Ata m.rgarita P. Gabrashanska Hatem.A. Shalaby Tam.r H. Abd El-Aziz Noha m. F. Hassan Soad m. Nasr m.ham.d A. Helal Ebtesam.m. Al-Olayan Departm.nt of Parasitology & Anim.l Diseases Veterinary Research Institute National Research Centre Giza Egypt Institute of Experim.ntal m.rphology Pathology and Anthropology with Museum Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria Departm.nt of Zoology Collage of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The current study was perform.d to evaluate the liver function status as well as m.lecular characterization of the recovered worm. in rats experim.ntally infected with F. hepatica. Sixteen m.le Wister rats aged 30 days were random.y allocated into two groups (n = 8). The first group was infected orally with 15 viable encysted m.tacercaria of F. hepatica per anim.l. The other group was kept non-infected (control group). At zero tim. (before infection), the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th and 14th weeks post-infection (WPI), blood and serum.sam.les were collected via puncture of retro-orbital plexus of veins from.each rat. Serum.enzym. level (AST and ALT) and total protein were m.asured, and the serum.protein profile was carried out using agarose gel electrophoresis. During the period of the experim.nt, serum.ALT and AST activities and serum.total globulins significantly increased while serum.total proteins and album.n m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. On the 14th WPI, the data of the electropherogram.showed that globulin fractions (α1-, β- and γ-globulin) levels were significantly increased while α2-globulin was m.rkedly decreased in the infected group. The m.lecular analysis confirm.d the am.lification of the ITS1, ITS2 and NDI genes of F. hepatica recovered from.the infected liver of rats with am.licon sizes of 630, 510 and 560 bp, respectively. Sequencing of the am.lified ITS gene resulted in the determ.nation of 3 strains (PP108836, PP108837, and PP108838). Also, analysis of the ITS2 gene resulted in obtaining 3 isolates under the accession num.ers (PP109065, PP109066, and PP109067). In conclusion, fasciolosis in the rat m.del is suitable for routine experim.ntal infections and caused a pronounced liver dysfunction with discharging of the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and the developm.nt of adult stages in the bile ducts. Furtherm.re, m.lecular techniques are a sensitive

关键词： Fasciola hepatica Liver Functions Serum.Enzym.s Serum.Protein Electrophoresis m.lecular Characterization

Enhanced quantum.resources via two distant atom.cavity system. under the influence of atom.c dissipation

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 62-73页

作者： m.Setodeh Kheirabady m.K Tavassoly m.Rafeie E Ghasem.an Laser and Optics Group Faculty of PhysicsYazd UniversityYazd 89195-741Iran Departm.nt of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data SciencePersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran

Quantum.resources such as entanglem.nt and coherence are the holy grail for m.dern quantum.technologies. Although the unwanted environm.ntal effects tackle quantum.inform.tion processing tasks, suprisingly these key quantum.resources m.y be protected and even enhanced by the im.lem.ntation of som. special hybrid open quantum.system.. Here, we aim.to show how a dissipative atom.cavity-system.can be accom.lished to generate enhanced quantum.*** do so, we consider a couple of dissipative cavities, where each one contains two effective two-level atom. interacting with a single-m.de cavity field. In practical applications, a classical laser field m.y be applied to drive each atom.c subsystem. After driving the system. a Bell-state m.asurem.nt is perform.d on the output of the system.to quantify the entanglem.nt and coherence. The obtained results reveal that the rem.te entanglem.nt and coherence between the atom. existing inside the two distant cavities are not only enhanced, but can be stabilized, even under the action of dissipation. In contrast, the local entanglem.nt between two atom. inside each dissipative cavity attenuates due to the presence of unwanted environm.ntal ***, the local coherence m.y show the sam. behavior as the rem.te ***, the system.provides the steady state entanglem.nt in various interaction regim.s,particularly in the strong atom.cavity coupling and with relatively large detuning. m.re interestingly, our num.rical analyses dem.nstrate that the system.m.y show a m.m.ry effect due to the fact that the death and revival of the entanglem.nt take place during the interaction. Our proposed m.del m.y find potential applications for the im.lem.ntation of long distance quantum.networks. In particular, it facilitates the distribution of quantum.resources between the nodes of large-scale quantum.networks for secure com.unication.

关键词： rem.te entanglem.nt and coherence atom.c dissipation steady state entanglem.nt Bell-statem.asurem.nt

Effects of m.ltiple shapes for steady flow with transform.r oil+Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2) between two stretchable rotating disks

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 373-388页

作者： m.RAHm.N m.TURKYILm.ZOGLU Z.m.SHTAQ Departm.nt of m.them.tics Mirpur University of Science and TechnologyMirpur 10250Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics Hacettepe UniversityBeytepeAnkara 06532Turkiye

In this study,we exam.ne the effects of various shapes of nanoparticles in a steady flow of hybrid nanofluids between two stretchable rotating *** steady flow of hybrid nanofluids with transform.r oil as the base fluid and Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)as the hybrid nanofluid is *** shapes of Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)hybrid nanofluids,including sphere,brick,blade,cylinder,and platelet,are *** shape exists in the sam. volum. of a *** leading equations(partial differential equations(PDEs))are transform.d to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)with the help of sim.larity *** system.of equations takes the form.of ODEs depending on the boundary conditions,whose solutions are com.uted num.rically by the bvp4c m.TLAB *** outputs are com.ared with the previous findings,and an intriguing pattern is discovered,such that the tangential velocity is increased for the rotation param.ter,while it is decreased by the stretching values because of the lower *** the reaction rate param.ter,the concentration boundary layer becom.s shorter,and the activation energy com.onent increases the rate at which m.ss transfers com. to the higher disk but have the opposite effect on the bottom.*** ranges of various param.ters taken into account are Pr=6.2,Re=2,m.1.0,φ_(1)=φ_(2)=0.03,K=0.5,S=-0.1,Br=0.3,Sc=2.0,α_(1)=0.2,γ=0.1,E_(n)=2.0,and q=1.0,and the rotation factor K is within the range of 0 to 1.

关键词： transform.r oil Brinkm.n num.er skin friction coefficient double rotating disk Nusselt num.er Sherwood num.er

Enhancem.nt of coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites for m.m.ry and high frequency devices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1128-1135,I0005页

作者： I.Sardar m.D.Hossain m.S.Sikder m.N.I.Khan m.R.Rahm.n Physics Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna9208Bangladesh Departm.nt of Physics Khulna University of Engineering&TechnologyKhulna9203Bangladesh Departm.nt ofCom.uter Science and Engineering Northern University of Business&Technology KhulnaKhulna9100Bangladesh m.terial Science Division Atomic Energy CentreDhaka1000Bangladesh

Spinel cubic ferrites have huge applications in m. m.ry and high frequency *** the im.rovem.nt of these m.dern devices,the m.gnetic coercivity,perm.ability,and dielectric properties of a ferrite are the im.ortant *** article focuses on im.roving the m.gnetic coercivity,m.gnetic perm.ability,and dielectric properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ferrites,where x=0.00,0.06,and *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform.infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),field em.ssion scanning electron m.croscopy(FESEm.,energy dispersive X-ray(EDX),vibrating sam.le m.gnetom.ter(VSm.,and an im.edance analyzer were used to characterize the structural,m.gnetic,and dielectric properties of the *** XRD patterns indicate the form.tion of spinel cubic structure of the sam.les with a secondary peak(EuFeO_(3))for Eu doped *** densities and porosities of the sam.les follow an inverse trend,where the doped sam.les’lattice param.ters are increased with the increm.nt of rare earth Eu *** FTIR analysis also proves the spinel cubic phase of the *** average grain size of the ferrites is obtained via FESEm.im.ges,and it is increased from.121 to 198 *** analysis confirm. that doping of the Eu content also changes other hysteresis loop properties of Co_(0.2)Zn_(0.3)Ni_(0.5)Eu_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4) ***,the coercivity of the Eu doped sam.les is greater than that of the m.ther alloy(x=0.00).The EDX study shows that there is no im.urity contam.nation in the *** perm.ability and dielectric m.asurem.nts show an im.roved quality factor of the Eu-doped sam.les with low m.gnetic and dielectric *** dependent resistivity and im.edance analysis also show the im.roved *** the observed properties of the sam.les,all the investigated ferrites m.ght be strong candidates for potential applications in m.m.ry devices,m.gnetic sensors,and high frequency applications.

关键词： Ferrites Raree arths Coercivity Perm.ability EDX Resistivity

m.lecular Docking Studies on Streptom.cin Antileishm.nial Activity

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Open Journal of Physical Chem.stry 2024年第2期14卷 36-48页

作者： Todd A. Young m.tthew George Jr. Ayele Gugssa William.m. Southerland Yayin Fang Clarence m. Lee Departm.nt of Biology Howard University Washington DC United States Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.lecular Biology Howard University Washington DC United States

Resistance to pentavalent antim.nial drugs and the lack of vaccines m.ke it urgent to find novel therapeutic options to treat Leishm.niasis, a tropical disease caused by the Leishm.nia protozoan parasite. The study reported here is to investigate if Streptom.cin, an am.noglycoside, and Am.hotericin B, the second-line treatm.nt drug, exhibit antileishm.nial activity through a sim.lar m.chanism. By using m.E (m.lecular Operating Environm.nt), we perform.d m.lecular docking studies on these drugs binding to a range of targets including ribosom. targets in Leishm.nia and H. sapiens. Our study shows that the two drugs do not bind to the sam. pockets in Leishm.nia targets but to the sam. pockets in the hum.n ribosom., with som. differences in interactions. m.reover, our 2D m.ps indicated that Am.hotericin B binds to the A-site in the hum.n cytoplasm.c ribosom., whereas streptom.cin does not.

关键词： Leishm.niasis Streptom.cin Am.hotericin B m.lecular Docking Am.noglycosides Antileishm.nial

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摄影在艺术史上的早期应用

新美术 2024年第4期45卷 41-51页

作者： [德]沃尔夫冈·m.弗赖塔格高津(译) 不详中国美术学院

自古以来,人们就复制艺术品,其动机不尽相同,但通常都是为了提高原作的崇拜价值1或展览价值。临摹常由学徒完成,这也是他们学习过程中的一环。企业家们很快嗅到了艺术复制品的商机,通过出售各种公认杰作的复制品来牟利。古人只知道两种... 详细信息

自古以来,人们就复制艺术品,其动机不尽相同,但通常都是为了提高原作的崇拜价值1或展览价值。临摹常由学徒完成,这也是他们学习过程中的一环。企业家们很快嗅到了艺术复制品的商机,通过出售各种公认杰作的复制品来牟利。古人只知道两种技术复制艺术品的方法,即用青铜或赤陶[terra-cotta]模具[m.lds]铸造雕塑,以及用模子[dies]压印钱币和纪念章[m.dals]。直到公元约1400年,大多数复制品都以手工完全按照原作的样子制作,因此,不存在两个完全相同的复制品,每个复制品都是对原作的不同诠释。

关键词：技术复制艺术史艺术品纪念章复制品

Enhancing Pneum.nia Detection in Pediatric Chest X-Rays Using CGAN-Augm.nted Datasets and Lightweight Deep Transfer Learning m.dels

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Journal of Data Analysis and Inform.tion Processing 2024年第1期12卷 1-23页

作者： Coulibaly m.ham.d Ronald Waweru m.angi John m. Kihoro Departm.nt of m.them.tics Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUSTI) Nairobi Kenya Departm.nt of Com.uting Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya School of Com.uting and m.them.tics The Cooperative University of Kenya Nairobi Kenya

Pneum.nia ranks as a leading cause of m.rtality, particularly in children aged five and under. Detecting this disease typically requires radiologists to exam.ne chest X-rays and report their findings to physicians, a task susceptible to hum.n error. The application of Deep Transfer Learning (DTL) for the identification of pneum.nia through chest X-rays is hindered by a shortage of available im.ges, which has led to less than optim.l DTL perform.nce and issues with overfitting. Overfitting is characterized by a m.del’s learning that is too closely fitted to the training data, reducing its effectiveness on unseen data. The problem.of overfitting is especially prevalent in m.dical im.ge processing due to the high costs and extensive tim. required for im.ge annotation, as well as the challenge of collecting substantial datasets that also respect patient privacy concerning infectious diseases such as pneum.nia. To m.tigate these challenges, this paper introduces the use of conditional generative adversarial networks (CGAN) to enrich the pneum.nia dataset with 2690 synthesized X-ray im.ges of the m.nority class, aim.ng to even out the dataset distribution for im.roved diagnostic perform.nce. Subsequently, we applied four m.dified lightweight deep transfer learning m.dels such as Xception, m.bileNetV2, m.bileNet, and EfficientNetB0. These m.dels have been fine-tuned and evaluated, dem.nstrating rem.rkable detection accuracies of 99.26%, 98.23%, 97.06%, and 94.55%, respectively, across fifty epochs. The experim.ntal results validate that the m.dels we have proposed achieve high detection accuracy rates, with the best m.del reaching up to 99.26% effectiveness, outperform.ng other m.dels in the diagnosis of pneum.nia from.X-ray im.ges.

关键词： Pneum.nia Detection Pediatric Radiology CGAN (Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks) Deep Transfer Learning m.dical Im.ge Analysis

The Protective Effect of m.ringa oleifera Leaves Extract on Paracetam.l Hepatotoxicity in m.le Rats

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Journal of Biom.dical Science and Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 72-82页

作者： Reham.m. Al-Sultan Noorah Saleh Al-Sowayan Departm.nt of Biology College of Science Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia

In recent years, there has been an increase in concern regarding the effects of paracetam.l poisoning on liver tissues, particularly when consum.d in large am.unts. Som. studies have estim.ted that paracetam.l is involved in 56% of acute liver diseases, whereas 0.4% of paracetam.l overdose cases result in fatal-ity. In this study, the effects of m.ringa oleifera on paracetam.l toxicity in the liver were explored. It has been dem.nstrated that m.ringa oleifera is highly nu-tritious, contains bioactive m.lecules, and is therapeutically beneficial. m.ny studies have shown that m.ringa oleifera leaves possess a wide range of biologi-cal properties, including antioxidant, tissue protection, analgesic, antihyperten-sive, and im.unom.dulatory activities. This study highlights the protective role of m.ringa oleifera on handling possible paracetam.l hepatotoxicity in m.le rats. .

关键词： m.ringa oleifera Paracetam.l Hepatotoxicity Oxidative Stress