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Wil. dogm.： An exam.nation of recent ＂evidence＂ for dingo regul.tion of invasive m.sopredator rel.ase in Austral.a

Current Zool.gy 2011年第5期57卷 568-583页

作者： Benjam.n l. Al.EN Richard m. ENGEm.N l.e R. Al.EN The University of Queensl.nd School of Animal Studies Warrego Highway Gatton QLD 4343 National.Wil.l.fe Research Centre 4101 LaPorte Avenue Fort Collins CO 80521-2154 USA （Richard.M.Engeman@aphis.usda.gov） Biosecurity Queensl.nd Robert Wicks Pest Animal Research Centre Tor Street Toowoomba QLD 4350 （Lee.Allen@deedi.qld.gov.au）

There is growing interest in the rol. that apex predators pl.y in shaping terrestrial.ecosystem. and m.intaining tro- phic cascades. In l.ne with the m.sopredator rel.ase hypothesis, Austral.an dingoes （Canis l.pus dingo and hybrids） are assum.d by m.ny to regul.te the abundance of invasive m.sopredators, such as red foxes Vul.es vul.es and feral.cats Fel.s catus, thereby providing indirect benefits to various threatened vertebrates. Several.recent papers have cl.im.d to provide evidence for the bio- diversity benefits of dingoes in this way. Neverthel.ss, in this paper we highl.ght several.critical.weaknesses in the m.thodol.gi- cal.approaches used in m.ny of these reports, incl.ding l.ck of consideration for seasonal.and habitat differences in activity, the com.l.cation of sim.l. track-based indices by incorporating difficul.-to-m.et assum.tions, and a reduction in sensitivity for as-sessing popul.tions by using binary m.asures rather than potential.y continuous m.asures. Of the 20 studies reviewed, 15 of them.（75%） contained serious m.thodol.gical.fl.ws, which m.y partl. expl.in the inconcl.sive nature of the l.terature investigating interactions between invasive Austral.an predators. We therefore assert that m.st of the ＂growing body of evidence＂ for m.so- predator rel.ase is m.rel. an inconcl.sive growing body of l.terature onl.. We encourage those interested in studying the eco- l.gical.rol.s of dingoes rel.tive to invasive m.sopredators and native prey species to account for the factors we identify, and cau- tion the val.e of studies that have not done so [Current Zool.gy 57 （5）： 568-583, 2011].

关键词： Activity index Apex predator Canis l.pus dingo Experim.ntal.design m.sopredator rel.ase Sam.l.ng

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Evol.tionary Genom.cs of Weedy Rice in the USA

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Journal.of Integrative Pl.nt Biol.gy 2007年第6期49卷 811-816页

作者： Kenneth m. Ol.en Ana l. Caicedo Yul.n Jia Departm.nt of Biol.gy Washington University St Louis MO 63130 USA Departm.nt of Biol.gy University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA USDA-ARS Dal. Bum.ers National.Rice Research Center Stuttgart AR 72160 USA

red rice Is an Interfertl.e, weedy form.of cul.ivated rice （Oryza sativa l.） that com.etes aggressivel. with the crop In the southern US, reducing yiel.s and contam.nating harvests. No wil. Oryza species occur In North Am.rica and the weed has been proposed to have evol.ed through m.l.ipl. m.chanism., Incl.ding ＂de-dom.stication＂ of US crop cul.l.ars, accidental.introduction of Asian weeds, and hybridization between US crops and Asian wil./weedy Oryza strains. The phenotype of US red rice ranges from.＂crop m.m.cs＂, which share som. dom.stication traits with the crop, to strains cl.sel. resem.l.ng Asian wil. Oryza species. Assessm.nts of genetic diversity have Indicated that m.ny weed strains are cl.sel. rel.ted to Asian taxa （Incl.ding indica and aus rice varieties, which have never been cul.ivated In the US, and the Asian crop progenitor O. rufl.ogon）, whereas others show genetic sim.l.rity to the tropical.Japonica varieties cul.ivated In the southern US. Herein, we review what Is known about the evol.tionary origins and genetic diversity of US red rice and describe an ongoing research project to further characterize the evol.tionary genom.cs of this aggressive weed.

关键词： crop-weed introgression de-dom.stication Oryza sativa weed evol.tion weedy rice.

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Pol.m.r-m.diated im.unocam.ufl.ge of red bl.od cel.s: Effects of pol.m.r size on antigenic and im.unogenic recognition of al.ogeneic donor bl.od cel.s

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Science China(l.fe Sciences) 2011年第7期54卷 589-598页

作者： WANG DunCheng Dana l. KYl.IK Kari l. m.RAD Wendy m. TOYOFUKU m.rk D. SCOTT Canadian Bl.od Services Vancouver V6T 1Z3 British Columbia Canada Centre for Bl.od Research and the Departm.nt of Pathol.gy and l.boratory m.dicine University of British Col.m.ia Vancouver V6T 1Z3 British Columbia Canada Departm.nt of Biol.gy College of St. Rose Albany 12208 New York USA

Devel.ping a practical.m.ans of reducing al.oim.unization in chronical.y transfused patients woul. be of significant cl.nical.benefit. Im.unocam.ufl.ging red bl.od ceil. （RBCs） by m.m.rane grafting of m.thoxypol.（ethyl.ne gl.col. （m.EG） m.y reduce the risk of al.o-im.unization. The resul.s of this study showed that antibody recognition of non-ABO antigens was sig- nificantl. reduced in an m.EG-dose- and pol.m.r size-dependent m.nner, with higher m.l.cul.r weight m.EGs providing better im.unoprotection. Furtherm.re, in vivo im.unogenicity was significantl. reduced in m.ce serial.y transfused with m.EG-m.dified xenogeneic （sheep; sRBCs）, al.ogeneic （C57B1/6）, or syngeneic （Bal./c） RBCs. Fol.owing a prim.ry transfu- sion of sRBCs, m.ce receiving m.EG-sRBCs showed a 〉90% reduction in anti-sRBC IgG antibody l.vel.. After two transfusions, m.ce receiving m.EG-sRBCs showed reductions of 〉80% in anti-sRBC IgG l.vel.. Im.ortantl., m.EG-m.dified autol.gous cel.s did not induce neoantigens or an im.une （IgG or Igm. response. These data suggest that the gl.bal.im.uno- cam.ufl.ge of RBCs by pol.m.r grafting m.y provide a safe and cost-effective m.ans of reducing therisk of al.oim.unization.

关键词： m.thoxypol.(ethyl.ne gl.col. erythrocyte bl.od group antigens m.ce al.oim.unization

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Disruptions in AUXl.Dependent Auxin Infl.x Al.er Hypocotyl.Phototropism.in Arabidopsis

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m.l.cul.r Pl.nt 2008年第1期1卷 129-144页

作者： Bethany B. Stonea Em.l. l. Stowe-Evans Reneé m. Harper R. Brandon Cel.ya Karin l.ung Goran Sandbergc Em.anuel.l.scum Division of Biol.gical.Sciences University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Christopher S. Bond l.fe Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Departm.nt of Forest Genetics and Pl.nt Physiol.gy Umea Plant Science Center SE-90183 Umea Sweden Current address: Biol.gy Departm.nt Bucknell University Lewisburg Pennsylvania 17837 USA.

Phototropism.represents a differential.growth response by which pl.nt organs can respond adaptivel. to changes in the direction of incident l.ght to optim.ze l.af/stem.positioning for photosynthetic l.ght capture and root growth orientation for water/nutrient acquisition. Studies over the past few years have identified a num.er of com.o- nents in the signal.ng pathway（s） l.ading to devel.pm.nt of phototropic curvatures in hypocotyl.. These incl.de the pho- totropin photoreceptors （photl.and phot2） that perceive directional.bl.e-l.ght （Bl. cues and then stim.l.te signal.ng, l.ading to rel.cal.zation of the pl.nt horm.ne auxin, as wel. as the auxin response factor NPH4/ARF7 that responds to changes in l.cal.auxin concentrations to directl. m.diate expression of genes l.kel. encoding proteins necessary for devel.pm.nt of phototropic curvatures, Whil. nul. m.tations in NPH4/ARF7 condition an aphototropic response to unidirectional.Bl. seedl.ngs carrying the sam. m.tations recover Bl.dependent phototropic responsiveness if coirradiated with red l.ght （Rl. or pre-treated with either ethyl.ne. In the present study, we identify second-site enhancer m.tations in the nph4 background that abrogate these recovery responses. One of these m.tations-m.pl.（m.difier of arf7 phenotypes 1）-was found to represent a m.ssense al.el. of AUX1-a gene encoding a high-affinity auxin infl.x carrier previousl. associated with a num.er of root responses. Pharm.col.gical.studies and anal.ses of additional.auxl.m.tants confirm.d that AUX1 functions as a m.dul.tor of hypocotyl.phototropism. m.reover, we have found that the strength of dependence of hypocotyl.phototropism.on AUX1-m.diated auxin infl.x is directl. rel.ted to the auxin responsiveness of the seedl.ng in question.

关键词： hypocotyl. Phototaxis Auxins Phytohorm.nes incident l.ght m.dul.tors

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Phosphate Adsorption and Surface Charge Characteristics and Their Rel.tions to m.neral.gy of Som. Soil. from.Southern China

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Pedosphere 1998年第4期8卷 297-304页

作者： ZHANG m.NGKUI m. J. WIl.ON HE ZHENl. l. Cl.RK and D. m. l. DUTHIE (Departm.nt of Soil.Science and Agricul.ural.Chem.stry, Zhejiang Agricul.ural.University, Hanyzhou 310029 China) (Soil. and Soil.m.crobiol.py Division, m.caul.y l.nd Use Research Institu Departm.nt of Soil.Science and Agricul.ural.Chem.stry Zhejiang Agricultural University Hangzhou 310029 (China) ***

The phosphate adsorption and surface charge characteristics of the tropical.and subtropical.soil. derived from.different parent m.terial. in China were determ.ned, and their rel.tions to soil.m.neral.gy were *** resul.s showed that al. soil.phosphate adsorption curves were wel. fitted by Freundl.ch equation and l.ngm.ir equation. The m.xim.m.buffering capacity of P ranged from.66 to 9880 m. kg-1, with an increasing order of purpl. soil. skel.tal.soil. red soil. l.teritic red soil. yel.ow soil.and l.tosol. and the highest val.e was 149 tim.s the l.west val.e, which indicated great differences am.ng these soil. in phosphate adsorption and suppl.ing characteristics. The pHo (zero point of charge) val.es obtained by sal. titrationpotential.titration varied from.3.03 to 5.49, and the highest val.e was found in the l.tosol.derived from.basal. whereas the l.west val.e was found in the purpl. soil. The correl.tion anal.sis indicated that the m.in m.neral. responsibl. for phosphate adsorption in the soil. were gibbsite, am.rphous iron oxide and kaol.nite; and the pHo was m.inl. control.ed by kaol.nite, gibbsite and oxides.

关键词： m.neral.gy pH_0 phosphate adsorption tropical.and subtropical.soil.

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Eval.ation of m.chanical.Properties and Surface Qual.ty of Wood from.Bosnia and Herzegovina Exposed to Outdoor Conditions

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Journal.of Renewabl. m.terial. 2024年第8期12卷 1417-1431页

作者： redžo Hasanagić Um.jrŠl.ivo l.il. Fathi Pal.avi Gautam.m.hsen Bahm.ni m.ha Hum.r Departm.nt of Wood Science and Technol.gy Faculty of Technical EngineeringUniversity of BihaćBihać77000Bosnia and Herzegovina Departm.nt of Wood and Furniture Industry Engineering Faculty of Resources and Earth ScienceShahrekord UniversityShahrekord64165478Iran Departm.nt of Botany Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiUttar Pradesh221005India Biotechnical.Facul.y Department of Wood ScienceUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana1501Slovenia

This study investigated the m.chanical.properties of beech(Fagus syl.atica l.)and fir(Abies al.a)wood from.Bosnia and Herzegovina under outdoor *** were exposed for 3-m.nth exposure to assess bending strength,col.r changes,and surface *** showed outdoor exposure negativel. affected m.chanical.properties,particul.rl. in sam.l.s with extended finger joints,causing significant surface cracks in uncoated *** wood exhibited notabl. col.r changes under exposure,with approxim.tel. 50%darkening without coating com.ared to 25%under covered *** sam.l.s displ.yed m.nim.l.col.r changes,affirm.ng the efficacy of surface *** wood exhibited a roughness of 8.264μm.whil. beechwood average roughness increased from.6.767 to 13.916μm.after exposure,with m.cro-pore devel.pm.nt affecting water *** anal.sis identified preval.nt fungal.col.nies,incl.ding Penicil.ium.Aureobasidium.Scl.rophom.,and Chaetom.um.underscoring their rol. in organic m.tter *** study highl.ghts the im.ortance of wood exposure and treatm.nt sel.ction for various appl.cations.

关键词： m.chanical.properties outdoor conditions cracks wood species

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Variety-specific responses of l.ttuce grown in. a gravel.fil.0}technique cl.sed hydroponic system.to N suppl. on yiel., m.rphol.gy, phytochem.cal., m.neral.content and safety

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2018年第11期17卷 2447-2457页

作者： Bevl. m. m.m.hol. m.rtin m. m.boko Puffy Soundy Dharini Sivakum.r Phytochem.cal.Food Network to Im.rove Nutritional.Qual.ty for Consum.rs Group Department of Crop Sciences Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria West Pretoria 0001 South Africa Agricul.ural.Research CounciI-Roodepl.at Vegetable and Ornamental Plants Private Bag X293 Pretoria 0001 South Africa

Util.zation of nitrogen （N） el.m.nt is a com.on practice used to reach profitabl. yiel.s in horticul.ural.crops and N suppl. can be used as a tool.to m.nipul.te the enhancem.nt of phytochem.cal. and m.neral. in vegetabl. crops to address consum.r-oriented qual.ty production. Hence the study was aim.d to investigate the effect of N appl.cation on l.af m.rphol.gy, ascorbic acid content, phenol.c acids, fl.vonoids, m.neral.content, and nitrate residues in three l.ttuce varieties （two green l.afy l.ttuce, m.l.igreen 1 and m.l.igreen 3; one red l.afy l.ttuce, m.l.ired 4） grown in a cl.sed hydroponic system.（grave^-fil.0} at harvest. Nitrogen was appl.ed as am.onium.nitrate （NH4NO3） at six different concentrations of 0, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 m. l.-1. The resul.s obtained during 2015 and 2016 seasons were sim.l.r and dem.nstrated variety dependent responses with respect to different N appl.cation rates. m.l.igreen 3 was m.re sensitive to N suppl. and showed higher am.unt of nitrate residue at harvest. Variety m.l.ired 4 was l.ss sensitive to N suppl. fol.owed by m.l.igreen 11 Al.hough N suppl. at 120 m. l.-1 im.roved the yiel. and the num.er of l.aves in m.l.igreen 3, overal. 90 m. l.-1 can be recom.ended for these l.ttuce varieties to im.rove the yiel. and the accum.l.tion of ascorbic acid content, phenol.c acids m.inl. caffeic, caftaric acids, quercetin （the im.ortant fl.vonoid in l.ttuce）, and Fe and m. contents. Furtherm.re, the concentration of 90 m. l.-1 im.roved the antioxidant property （FRAP and ABTS^＋） and reduced the nitrate accum.l.tion, ensuring safe food for consum.rs.

关键词： fertil.zer appl.cation fresh weight phenol.c acids antioxidant property fl.vonoids Fe m. food safety

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Enhancem.nt of Hum.n Bl.od Storage Period by Irradiation of l.w l.vel.He-Ne l.ser

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Journal.of Biophysical.Chem.stry 2015年第3期6卷 77-86页

作者： Sam.ra m. Sal.am.Abdel.attar m. Sal.am.El.Sayed m. El.Sayed l. I. Abo Sal.m.m.na m. Rizk Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Science Benha University Benha Egypt Departm.nt of BioPhysics Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

The aim.of the present work is to investigate the effect of the He-Ne l.ser irradiation on the whol. hum.n bl.od (HB) in order to enhance the conditions of conservation. The HB was irradiated by He-Ne l.ser;(λ = 632 nm. continuous wave, power 30 m., 2 m. diam.ter beam.spot), el.ctrical.properties and com.l.te bl.od count CBC were m.asured at three doses (0.0287, 0.0563 and 0.198 J/cm.) to the rel.vant best exposure dose during storage periods 9, 24, 30, 35 & 50 days. The irradiation process with the sel.cted dose was perform.d by the exposure of the l.ser beam.on the bl.od sam.l. fl.w through narrow tube of cross section area, 0.0831 cm.. Bl.od diel.ctric param.ters, (el.ctric conductivity, diel.ctric constant, diel.ctric l.ss and dipol. m.m.nt) and CBC, (red bl.od cel., white bl.od cel., hem.tocrit, hem.gl.bin, m.an corpuscul.r vol.m., m.an corpuscul.r hem.gl.bin, and m.an cel. or corpuscul.r hem.gl.bin in concentration) were m.asured. The obtained resul.s were com.ared with that of the control.and showed that the best irradiation exposure dose suitabl. for increasing the tim. of bl.od storage with m.nim.m.changes in properties is 0.198 J/cm. and storage period of about 50 days. The present study reveal.d that irradiation by He-Ne l.ser coul. be considered a good m.ans to im.rove the conservation conditions of hum.n bl.od.

关键词： He-Ne l.ser Whol. Bl.od Storage El.ctrical Properties Diel.ctric Constant

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Devel.pm.nt of a Virtual.Environm.nt for Sim.l.tion of a 3D Road Profil. Using OpenCRG and m.Tl.B GUI

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第12期13卷 677-689页

作者： Théophil. Roch Ori N’golo m.m.dou Kone Sibiri Traore Université Fel.x Houphouë t Boigny de Cocody l.boratoire de Technol.gie UFR SSMT Cote d’Ivoire Institut Pédagogique National.de l.Enseignem.nt Technique et Professionnel.(IPNETP) Départem.nt de Génie m.canique Cote d’Ivoire

In vehicl. dynam.cs, there are wide appl.cations concerning the sim.l.tion of vehicl.s on roads. These sim.l.tion appl.cations rel.te to vehicl. driving, ride com.ort and durabil.ty. An accurate prediction of sim.l.tion resul.s requires rel.abil.ty and efficiency of road representations. The m.Tl.B graphical.user interface m.dul., cal.ed m.Tl.B GUI, is used to devel.p virtual.sim.l.tion l.boratories that al.ow the user to interact with a com.uter program.using graphical.objects. In this context, the aim.of this articl. is to use the m.Tl.B OpenCRG suite of tool. and the m.Tl.B GUI to devel.p a virtual.environm.nt for sim.l.ting a 3D road profil.. A three-dim.nsional.m.del.of a pothol. with variabl. param.ters is devel.ped and integrated into the 3D road profil..

关键词： 3D Road Profil. Pothol. OpenCRG m.Tl.B GUI

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Continental.Fl.od Basal.s and Rifting: Geochem.stry of Cenozoic Yem.n Vol.anic Province

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International.Journal.of Geosciences 2013年第10期4卷 1459-1466页

作者： m. A. m.ttash l. Pinarel.i O. Vasel.i A. m.nissal. m. Al.Kadasi m. N. Shawki F. Tassi 1CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources Florence Italy 2Department of Earth Sciences University of Florence Florence Italy 1HCCGSR Mukalla Yemen 2Ministry of Oil and Minerals Geological Survey and Mineral Resources Board Aden Yemen CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources Florence Italy Departm.nt of Geol.gy Sana’a University Sana’a Yemen Departm.nt of Geol.gy Taiz University Taiz Yemen

Rift form.tion is a crucial.topic in gl.bal.tectonics. The Yem.n rift-rel.ted area is one of the m.st im.ortant provinces, being connected to the rifting processes of the Gul. of Aden, the red Sea and Afar Triangl.. In this paper, a review of the Yem.n vol.anic province and its rel.tions with the red Sea rifting are presented. Tertiary continental.extension in Yem.n resul.ed in the extrusion of l.rge vol.m.s of effusive rocks. This m.gm.tism.is divided in the Ol.go-m.ocene Yem.n Trap Series (YTS) separated by an unconform.ty from.the m.ocene-Recent Yem.n Vol.anic Series (YVS). m.gm.s of the YTS were erupted during the synrift phase and correl.te with the first stage of sea-fl.or spreading of the red Sea and the Gul. of Aden (30 - 15 m.), whereas the m.gm.s of the YVS were em.l.ced during the post rift phase (10 - 0 m.). A continental.within pl.te character is recognized for both the YTS and YVS basal.s. The YTS vol.anic rocks are contem.oraneous with, and geochem.cal.y sim.l.r to, the Ethiopian rift vol.anism. just as the vol.anic fiel.s of the YVS are geochem.cal.y al.ke to m.st of the Saudi Arabian vol.anics. YTS and YVS have anal.gous SiO2 ranges, but YVS tend to have, on average, higher al.al.s and m.O contents than YTS. Fractional.crystal.ization processes dom.nate geochem.cal.variations of both series. Prim.tive m.gm.s (m.O > 7.0%) are enriched in incom.atibl. el.m.nts and l.EEs with respect to prim.tive m.ntl., but YVS are m.re enriched than YTS. To first order, the different geochem.cal.patterns agree with different degrees of partial.m.l.ing of an astenospheric m.ntl. source: 25% - 30% of partial.m.l.ing for YTS and 10% - 3% for YVS. Secondl., the higher degree of enrichm.nt in incom.atibl. el.m.nts of YVS refl.cts al.o greater contribution of a l.thospheric m.ntl. com.onent in their source region.

关键词： Continental Fl.od Basal.s Continental Rifting Geochem.stry Yem.n Cenozoic

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