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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 7-8页

作者： l.m.os m.A.P. Ram.rez m. Park l.S. 郭战宏 Chil.rens Hospital.l.s Angel.s MS76 4650 Sunset Blvd Los Angeles CA 90027 United States Dr.

Background: Injuries to the head com.rise 20% to 39% of al. school.rel.ted injuries. Head injuries am.ng special.education students have not been adequatel. described. Objectives: (1)To exam.ne the incidence and characteristics of head injuries in chil.ren enrol.ed in special.education and (2) to determ.ne the factors that increase the risk of sustaining a head injury com.ared with an injury to another part of the body. m.thods: Pupil.Accident Reports for 6769 students enrol.ed in 17 of 18 special.education school. in 1 l.rge urban school.district during the academ.c years 1994-1998 were reviewed, and inform.tion on the nature of injury, external.cause, and activity was abstracted. Head-injured and nonhead-injured cases were identified and com.ared by race, sex, age, characteristics of injury, and disabil.ty category. Resul.s: Six hundred ninety-seven injury events were reported during the 4-year study period. The overal. injury rate was 4.7 injuries per 100 student-years. Two hundred five chil.ren (29.4% ) sustained injuries to the head, and the rate of head injury was 1.3 injuries per 100 student years. Fal.s were the l.ading cause of injury. Head injuries were m.st com.onl. associated with physical.education and unstructured pl.y and usual.y occurred on the pl.yground. Disproportionatel. m.re head than nonhead injuries were sustained in the cl.ssroom.(12% vs 8% ) and the bathroom.(9% vs 3% ). Com.ared with chil.ren with em.tional.m.ntal.disabil.ties, chil.ren with m.l.ipl. disabil.ties had the highest risk of a head injury (incidence density ratio, 2.4 95% confidence interval. 1.6-3.5 ), fol.owed by chil.ren with physical.disabil.ties (incidence density ratio, 1.8 95% confidence interval. 1.1-3.1 ). There appeared to be no significant difference in the rate of head injury by sex and age. Concl.sions: m.difications of the cl.ssroom. bathroom. and pl.yground environm.nts m.ght reduce the risk of head injuries in chil.ren enrol.ed in special.education. Special.m.dif

关键词：头部外伤外伤类型身体残障危险增加密度比大型城市于非

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粉体工程手册

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1992年

作者： m.E.·法耶德(m.E. Fayed) l.·阿腾(l. Otten)

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The infl.ence of m.bil.ty am.ng high-risk popul.tions on HIV transm.ssion in Western Kenya

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Infectious Disease m.del.ing 2018年第1期3卷 97-106页

作者： Anna Bershteyn Kennedy K.m.tai Adam.N.Akul.ian Daniel.J.Kl.in Britta l.Jewel. Sam.el.m.m.al.l. Institute for Disease m.del.ng 3150139th Ave.SEBellevueWA 98005USA National.Aids Control.Council P.O.Box 61307-00200Argwings Kodhek RdNairobiKenya Departm.nt of m.dicine University of California and San FranciscoZuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital1001 Potrero AvenueSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Centers for Disease Control.and Prevention PO Box 606Village MarketNairobi00621Kenya

Western Kenya suffers a highl. endem.c and al.o very heterogeneous epidem.c of hum.n im.unodeficiency virus(HIV).Al.hough fem.l. sex workers(FSW)and their m.l. cl.ents are known to be at high risk for HIV,HIV preval.nce across regions inWestern Kenya is not strongl. correl.ted with the fraction of wom.n engaged in com.ercial.*** agentbased network m.del.of HIV transm.ssion,geographical.y stratified at the county l.vel.was fit to the HIV epidem.c,scal.-up of interventions,and popul.tions of FSW in Western Kenya under two assum.tions about the potential.m.bil.ty of FSW *** the first,al. cl.ents were assum.d to be resident in the sam. geographies as their interactions with *** the second,som. cl.ents were considered non-resident and engaged onl. in interactions with FSW,but not in l.nger-term.non-FSW partnerships in these *** both assum.tions,the m.del.successful.y reconcil.d disparate geographic patterns of FSW and HIV *** patterns in the m.del.suggest a greater rol. for FSW in l.cal.transm.ssion when cl.ents were resident to the counties,with 30.0%of l.cal.HIV transm.ssions attributabl. to current and form.r FSW and cl.ents,com.ared to 21.9%when m.bil.ty of cl.ents was ***,the overal. epidem.c drivers rem.ined sim.l.r,with risky behavior in the general.popul.tion dom.nating transm.ssion in highpreval.nce *** m.del.ng suggests that co-l.cation of high-risk popul.tions and general.zed epidem.cs can further am.l.fy the spread of HIV,but that l.rge num.ers of form.l.FSW and cl.ents are not required to observe or m.chanistical.y expl.in high HIV preval.nce in the general.popul.tion.

关键词： preval.nce cl.ent stratified

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Infl.ence of the Ratio IA/PA and Vol.til. Acids in the m.nitoring of UASB Reactor in the Treating of Swine Waste Water

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第5期6卷 526-531页

作者： l.ciano S. Rodrigues Israel.J. Sil.a Paul. R. Ol.veira Ana C. A. pinto Cam.l. A. l.m. Escol. de Veterinária Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

This paper presents the infl.ence of the ratio IA/PA and concentration of vol.til. acids (TVA) in the operational.stabil.ty of a UASB reactor treating swine waste water. The treatm.nt system.in real.scal. was constituted of decanter, fol.owed by the UASB reactor with vol.m. of 7.4 m. and 11.5 m., respectivel.. It has been observed a l.rge oscil.ation of the ratio IA/IP in the UASB reactor with an average val.e of 0.39, and average efficiency of rem.val.of BOD and COD of 79.8 and 79.3%, respectivel., at the start, dropping to 0.12 in the continuity of the experim.nt, incl.ding during overl.ad, in which the rem.val.efficiencies of COD and BOD reached val.es bel.w 10%. The TVA average val.es were 913 m.·l.1 in the UASB reactor, increasing considerabl. in the overl.ad period, reaching val.es higher than 4500 m.·l.1, indicating an accum.l.tion of vol.til. acids and reduced efficiency of the UASB reactor in rem.val.of organic m.tter. We concl.de that the m.nitoring of the val.es of the ratio IA/PA and TVA is very useful.instrum.nts and easy to determ.ne in the m.nitoring of the UASB reactor, enabl.ng to predict possibl. instabil.ties in the reactor, al.owing corrective actions in a tim.l. m.nner.

关键词： Operational Stabil.ty Pig m.nure Anaerobic Digestion

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A Novel.Design and Fabrication of m.gnetic Random.Access m.m.ry Based on Nano-ring-type m.gnetic Tunnel.Junctions

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Journal.of m.terial. Science & Technol.gy 2007年第3期23卷 304-306页

作者： X.F.Han H.X.Wei Z.l.Peng H.D.Yang J.F.Feng G.X.Du Z.B.Sun l.X.Jiang Q.H.Qin m.m. Y.Wang Z.C.Wen D.P.l.u W.S.Zhan State Key l.boratory of m.gnetism Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100080 China

Nano-ring-type m.gnetic tunnel.junctions （NR-m.Js） with the l.yer structure of Ta（5）/Ir22m.78（10）/ Co75Fe25（2）/Ru（0.75）/CoooFe20B20（3）/Al.0.6）-oxide/Co60Fe20B20（2.5）/Ta（3）/Ru（5）（thickness unit： nm. were nano-fabricated on the Si（100）/SiO2 substrate using m.gnetron sputtering deposition com.ined with the optical.l.thography, el.ctron beam.l.thography （EBl. and Ar ion-beam.etching techniques. The sm.l.er NR-m.Js with the inner- and outer-diam.ter of around 50 and 100 nm.and al.o their corresponding NR-m.J arrays were nano-patterned. The tunnel.ing m.gnetoresistance （Tm. ＆ R） versus driving current （I） l.ops for a spin-pol.rized current switching were m.asured, and the Tm. ratio of around 35% at room.tem.erature were observed. The critical.val.es of switching current for the free Co60Fe20B20 l.yer rel.tive to the reference Co6oFe2oB2o l.yer between paral.el.and anti-paral.el.m.gnetization states were between 0.50 and 0.75 m. in such NR-m.Js. It is suggested that the appl.cabl. m.Am.fabrication with the density and capacity higher than 256 m.it/inch2 even 6 Gbite/inch2 are possibl. using both I NR-m.J＋1 transistor structure and current switching m.chanism.based on based on our fabricated 4×4 m.Am.dem. devices.

关键词： Nano-ring-type m.gnetic tunnel.junctions NR-m.J m.Am spin pol.rization Spin transfer effect

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Hydrophobic Effect in a Continuum.m.del.of the l.pid Bil.yer

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Com.unications in Com.utational.Physics 2009年第8期6卷 655-672页

作者： Phil.ip l.Wil.on Huaxiong Huang Shu Takagi Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Statistics University of CanterburyPrivate Bag 4800Christchurch 8140New Zealand Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Statistics York UniversityTorontoM3J 1P3Canada Departm.nt of m.chanical.Engineering The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

We study a continuum.paradigm.of the l.pid bil.yer based on m.nim.zing the free energy of a m.xture of water and l.pid *** paper extends previous work of Bl.m.and Pel.tier[European ***.,15(2004),pp.487-508]in the fol.owing ways.(a)It form.l.tes a m.re general.m.del.of the hydrophobic effect to facil.tate connections with m.croscal. sim.l.tions and first-principl.s anal.sis.(b)It cl.rifies the m.aning and rol. of the m.del.param.ters.(c)It outl.nes a m.thod for determ.ning param.ter val.es so that physical.y-real.stic bil.yer density profil.s can be obtained,for exam.l. for use in m.croscal. ***(a)-(c)suggest that the m.del.has potential.to robustl. connect som. m.cro-and m.croscal. l.vel. of m.l.iscal. bl.od fl.w *** m.them.tical.m.del.ing in point(a)is based upon a consideration of the underl.ing physics of inter-m.l.cul.r *** governing equations thus obtained are m.nim.zed by gradient fl.ws via a novel.num.rical.approach;this enabl.s point(b).The num.rical.resul.s are shown to behave physical.y in term. of the effect of background concentration,in contrast to the earl.er m.del.which is shown here to not displ.y the expected behaviour.A“short-tail.approxim.tion of the l.pid m.l.cul.s al.o gives an anal.tical.tool.which yiel.s critical.val.es of som. param.ters under certain ***(c)invol.es the first quantitative com.arison of the num.rical.data with physical.experim.ntal.resul.s.

关键词： l.pid bil.yer free energy continuum.m.del num.rical.m.nim.zation

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天鹅行动

天鹅行动

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作者： l.m.·冈萨雷斯-马塔(l.m. Gonzal.z-m.ta)

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Genetic factors that affect nonal.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease: A system.tic cl.nical.review

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2016年第29期22卷 6742-6756页

作者： Tyl.r J Severson Siddesh Besur Herbert l.Bonkovsky Departm.nt of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Wake Forest University NC Baptist Medical Center Abdom.nal.Transpl.nt Program Aurora St Luke’s Medical Center

AIm. To investigate rol.s of genetic pol.m.rphism. in non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease (NAFl.) onset, severity, and outcom. through system.tic l.terature ***: The authors conducted both system.tic and specific searches of Pubm.d through Decem.er 2015 with special.em.hasis on m.re recent data (from.2012 onward) whil. stil. drawing from.m.re historical.data for background. We identified several.specific genetic pol.m.rphism. that have been m.st researched and, at this tim., appear to have the greatest cl.nical.significance on NAFl. and sim.l.r hepatic diseases. These were further investigated to assess their specific effects on disease onset and progression and the m.chanism. by which these effects ***: We focus particul.rl. on genetic pol.m.rphism. of the fol.owing genes: PNPl.3, particul.rl. the p. I148m.variant, Tm.SF2, particul.rl. the p. E167K variant, and on variants in FTO, l.PA, IFNλ4, and iron m.tabol.sm. specifical.y focusing on HFE, and Hm.X-1. We discuss the effect of these genetic variations and their resul.ant protein variants on the onset of fatty l.ver disease and its severity, incl.ding the effect on l.kel.hood of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocel.ul.r carcinom.. Whil. our principal.focus is on NAFl., we al.o discuss briefl. effects of som. of the variants on devel.pm.nt and severity of other hepatic diseases, incl.ding hepatitis C and al.ohol.c l.ver disease. These resul.s are briefl. discussed in term. of cl.nical.appl.cation and future potential.for personal.zed ***: Pol.m.rphism. and genetic factors of several.genes contribute to NAFl. and its end resul.s. These genes hol. keys to future im.rovem.nts in diagnosis and m.nagem.nt.

关键词： Genetic pol.m.rphism. Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease Non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis PNPl.3 Tm.SF2 FTO Cirrhosis Iron m.tabol.sm

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Peginterferon l.m.da-1a, a New Therapeutic for Hepatitis C Infection, from.Bench to Cl.nic

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Journal.of Cl.nical.and Transl.tional.Hepatol.gy 2013年第2期1卷 116-124页

作者： Henrik Andersen Jeff m.yer Jerem. Freem.n Sean E.Doyl. Kevin Kl.cher Dennis m.m.l.er Diana Hausm.n Jan l.Hil.son Zym.Genetics/Bristol.m.ers Squibb Seattle WA 98102 USA Em. Serono Billerica MA USA Oncothyreon Inc. Seattle WA USA CPTxBio Woodinville WA USA

Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estim.ted to affect approxim.tel. 3% of the worl.'s popul.tion and cause 350,000 deaths each *** num.er of years,the standard of care has been com.ination therapy with recom.inant al.a interferons—original.y as native proteins but m.re recentl. as pol.ethyl.negl.col.m.dified derivatives—and ribavirin,with the recent addition of an NS3 protease inhibitor for HCV genotype ***,therapeutic al.a interferons are associated with a significant burden of treatm.nt-l.m.ting adverse events,incl.ding m.scul.skel.tal.and infl.enza-l.ke sym.tom.,hem.tol.gic cytopenias,autoim.une disease,fatigue,and other neurol.gic *** 2003,a team.at Zym.Genetics (now a ful.y owned subsidiary of Bristol.m.ers Squibb) and a second,independent group sim.l.aneousl. identified a new cl.ss of interferons—the type Ⅲ l.m.da interferons—with near-identical.activity to the type Ⅰ al.a interferons in hepatocytes but with an unrel.ted and l.ss ubiquitous *** eval.ation of the type Ⅲ interferon system.dem.nstrated antiviral.activity against HCV in vitro with l.m.ted activity in peripheral.bl.od m.nonucl.ar cel.s and other nonhepatocyte cel. types,supporting its devel.pm.nt as a potential.y better-tol.rated therapy for viral.*** l.m.da-1a (l.m.da) is an investigational.type Ⅲ therapeutic agent original.y devel.ped at Zym.Genetics that is currentl. in Phase 3 studies for the treatm.nt of *** this review,we describe the sel.ction of the l.m.da m.l.cul. and its precl.nical.and earl. cl.nical.devel.pm.nt,and how the resul.ing data have hel.ed to establ.sh the differentiated safety profil. for l.m.da—with fewer infl.enza-l.ke and m.scul.skel.tal.sym.tom. and l.ss hem.tol.gic toxicity than the al.a interferons—that was seen in l.ter studies.

关键词： Discovery HCV Interferonλ

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流体力学实验教程

流体力学实验教程

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1986年

作者：（英）普林特（Pl.nt m.A.）（奥）伯斯威特（Boswirth l.）康振黄等译

书名原文: Fl.id m.chanics a l.boratory Course.

ISBN: (纸本)15210·483

书名原文: Fl.id m.chanics a l.boratory Course.

关键词：流体力学学科:实验学科:教学参考资料

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