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Advances in m.gnesium.containing bioceram.cs for bone repair

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Biom.terial. Transl.tional 2024年第1期5卷 3-20页

作者： Qi l. Zhao T. Yan J. Ge W. Jiang W. Wang J. Ghol.pourm.l.kabadi m. l.n K. Wang X. Zhang l. Departm.nt of Oral.and Cranio-m.xil.ofacial.Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital College of Stomatology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology Shanghai China Departm.nt’s Education Deputy Department of Medical Biotechnology Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Institute of Transl.tional.m.dicine Shanghai University Organoid Research Center Shanghai University Shanghai China

Reconstruction of bone defects or fractures caused by ageing, traum. and tum.ur resection is stil. a great challenge in cl.nical.treatm.nt. Al.hough autol.gous bone graft is considered as gol. standard, the source of natural.bone is l.m.ted. In recent years, regenerative therapy based on bioactive m.terial. has been proposed for bone reconstruction. Special.y, num.rous studies have indicated that bioactive ceram.cs incl.ding sil.cate and phosphate bioceram.cs exhibit excel.ent osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity, further prom.te bone regeneration. In addition, m.gnesium.(m.) el.m.nt, as an indispensabl. m.neral.el.m.nt, pl.ys a vital.rol. in prom.ting bone m.neral.sation and form.tion. In this review, different types of m.-containing bioceram.cs incl.ding m.-containing cal.ium.phosphate-based bioceram.cs (such as m.-hydroxyapatite, m.-biphasic cal.ium.phosphate), m.-containing cal.ium.sil.cate-based bioceram.cs (such as m.2SiO4, Ca2m.Si2O7and m.-doped biogl.ss), m.-based biocem.nts, m.-containing m.tal.pol.m.r-bioceram.c com.osites were system.tacial.y sum.arised. Additional.y, the fabrication technol.gies and their m.teriobiol.gical.effects were deepl. discussed, Cl.nical.appl.cations and perspectives of m.gnesium.containing bioceram.cs for bone repair are highl.ghted. Overal., m.-containing bioceram.cs are regarded as regenerative therapy with their optim.sed perform.nce. Furtherm.re, m.re in-depth two-way researches on their perform.nce and structure are essential.to satisfy their cl.nical.needs. © 2024, Chinese m.dical.m.l.im.dia Press Co l.d. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： bioactive ions bioceram.cs bone repair m.gnesium osteoconductivity

l.nguage devel.pm.nt from.theory to practice Khara l. Pence, l.ura m. Justice.

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On cal.ul.ting gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt

2008年

作者： Khara l. Pence l.ura m. Justice.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Geodesy and Geodynam.cs 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.m.Cathl.s Cornel. University IthacaNY 14853USA

m.del.ng the earth's fl.id and el.stic response to the m.l.ing of the gl.ciers of the l.st ice age is the m.st direct way to infer the earth's radial.viscosity ***,we com.are two m.thods for cal.ul.ting the viscoel.stic response to surface *** one,the el.stic equation of m.tion is converted to a viscoel.stic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,el.stic deform.tion is added to the viscous fl.w as isostatic adjustm.nt *** two m.del.ng m.thods predict adjustm.nt histories that are different enough to potential.y im.act the interpretation of the observed gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt(GIA).The differences arise from.buoyancy and whether fl.id displ.cem.nts are subjected to hydrostatic *** m.thods agree if they use the sam. equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determ.ned by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress appl.cation.

关键词： Gl.cial.isostatic adjustm.nt Viscoel.stic norm.l.m.des Hydrostatic pre-stress El.stic buoyancy Correspondence principl.

Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Rem.val.from.Aircraft Engine

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Occupational.Diseases and Environm.ntal.m.dicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charl.s l. Bl.ke Kevin m. Guth Raym.nd D. Harbison Apex Com.anies Marietta USA Center for Environm.ntal.and Occupational.Risk Anal.sis and m.nagem.nt College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previousl. eval.ated asbestos exposure associated with various m.intenance procedures on l.ght aircraft. The purpose of this study was to eval.ate asbestos exposure during engine m.intenance on l.ght aircraft. This test was designed to eval.ate the potential.for asbestos exposure to m.chanics and others who rem.ve asbestos-containing engine gaskets from.reciprocating styl. aircraft engines. Util.zed in this test was an air cool.d, horizontal.y opposed, aviation gasol.ne burning engine, assem.l.d during 1986 and operated interm.ttentl. up into 2015, having accum.l.ted 1680 hours run tim.. Nearl. 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets instal.ed during 1986 were stil. in pl.ce at the tim. of testing. Chrysotil. asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from.55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet styl. and 5% by area, for the spiral.wound m.tal.asbestos styl.. Despite the l.vel. of effort required to effect gasket rem.val., the professional.aircraft m.chanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the l.wer l.m.ts of sam.l.ng and anal.tical.detection achieved;al. of which were substantial.y l.ss than the current Occupational.Safety and Heal.h Adm.nistration Perm.ssibl. Exposure l.m.ts for asbestos. The resul.s of this testing indicate an absence of gasket rel.ted asbestos exposure risk to m.chanics who work with l.ght aircraft engines, incl.ding those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These resul.s are consistent with the findings of m.yarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul.of l.rger radial.styl. reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction m.terial.

根据厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山1999～2006年喷发产生的火山灰颗粒结构估算减压速率

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世界地震译丛 2012年第6期43卷 67-73页

作者： H. m. N. Wright K. V. Cashm.n P. A. m.thes m. l. hall A. G. Ruiz J, l. Pennec 于红梅(译) 罗浩(校) 吕春来(复校) 不详中国地震局地球物理研究所中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所

岩浆供给率的小变化可能引起喷发类型突然转变,所以很难监测安山质火山持续低到中等程度的喷发活动。因为无法直接测量岩浆补给,所以必须发展间接测量的健全技术。在此我们证实,厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山1999～2006年武尔卡诺式和斯特隆博... 详细信息

岩浆供给率的小变化可能引起喷发类型突然转变,所以很难监测安山质火山持续低到中等程度的喷发活动。因为无法直接测量岩浆补给,所以必须发展间接测量的健全技术。在此我们证实,厄瓜多尔通古拉瓦火山1999～2006年武尔卡诺式和斯特隆博利式喷发的火山碎屑的晶体结构能提供关于岩浆上升和喷发动力学的定量信息,而这是利用其他监测手段很难获得的。我们说明喷发碎屑的结晶程度受岩浆补给率(m.R)的控制;相比低岩浆补给阶段,高岩浆补给阶段喷发的火山灰结晶程度明显偏低。该关系用低压下(50m.a)有效的脱气和由喷发前有效时间控制的脱气驱动的结晶作用最容易解释。我们的数据还表明,观察到的从低岩浆补给率时的间歇性武尔卡诺式喷发到高岩浆补给率时的相对连续的斯特隆博利式喷发和熔岩喷泉之间的转变,可以用气泡通过(斯特隆博利式)覆盖火山口不同黏度(和结晶度)的岩浆上升或气泡在该岩浆之下(武尔卡诺式)捕获来解释。

关键词：喷发类型厄瓜多尔火山灰颗粒结构拉瓦速率减压估算

Bio-Fertil.zer Im.roved Oil.Pal.0}Seedl.ng Growth

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Am.rican Journal.of Pl.nt Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 455-466页

作者： Gabriel.Ddam.l.ra F. m.sika A. Asiim.e l. Zubairi m. Otuba Horticul.ure & Oil.Pal.0}Program National Crops Resources Research Institute Kampala Uganda

In m.st farm.ng system. newl. introduced com.ercial.fertil.zers to be accepted, adopted and used by farm.rs, their effectiveness and appropriate appl.cation rates m.st be exhibited. This study was conducted to val.date the effect and rates of a bio-fertil.zer (super agric) on oil.pal.0}seedl.ng growth. The trial.was l.id out in a random.zed com.l.te bl.ck design (RCBD) with three appl.cation rates of 0, 4 and 8 m./l.of water (treatm.nts) repl.cated thrice. Fol.owing the appl.cation of super agric to oil.pal.0}seedl.ngs for a period of six m.nths, observations drawn from.the anal.sis of growth data were as fol.ows: Three m.nths after treatm.nt, super agric significantl. (P l.pal.0}seedl.ng com.ared to those which were not appl.ed with super agric. The resul.s al.o showed that when super agric was appl.ed at a rate of 4 m./l. the l.af l.ngth and breadth were higher com.ared to the control.were super agric was not used. Furtherm.re, appl.cations of super agric im.roved oil.pal.0}seedl.ng nitrogen uptake by 31% in treatm.nt groups as com.ared to the control.which expl.ined the height and breadth increase in the oil.pal.0}seedl.ngs that were appl.ed with super agric. On the other hand, the effect of super agric appl.cation on phosphorus uptake by seedl.ngs was not significant. Al.hough the height, breadth, l.af width and l.ngth were al. significantl. affected by super agric appl.cation, the num.er of oil.pal.0}l.aves and spears were not affected for the period the experim.nt was conducted. Six m.nths after appl.cation of super agric the growth of oil.pal.0}seedl.ngs was favorabl. im.acted, hence we recom.end super agric to be prom.ted am.ng oil.pal.0}seedl.ng growers.

关键词： Bio-Fertil.zer Seedl.ng Growth Appl.cation Rates Super Agric

l.gum. Green m.nure and Intercropping for High Biom.ss Sorghum.Production

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Cl.rk B. Neel. Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine l. S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons Wil.iam.l. Rooney Geral. R. Sm.th Departm.nt of Soil.and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.Agril.fe Research Overton TX USA Soil.Heal.h Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil.and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertil.zers, l.gum.s were com.onl. used as green m.nure crops for their abil.ty to fix atm.spheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX exam.ned l.gum. integration into high-biom.ss sorghum.(Sorghum.bicol.r l.) production system. on a l.l.ert l.am. fine sand recentl. cul.ivated after a fertil.zed berm.dagrass [Cynodon dactyl.n (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this spl.t-spl.t pl.t design, ‘Dixie’ crim.on cl.ver (Trifol.um.incarnatum.l.) and ‘Iron and Cl.y’ cowpea (Vigna unguicul.ta l.) were integrated into a high-biom.ss sorghum.production system.to eval.ate im.acts on N concentration, C concentration, and yiel. of high-biom.ss sorghum.and their im.acts on soil.total.N and soil.organic carbon (SOC). m.in pl.ts were spl.t into crim.on cl.ver green m.nure (Cl.m. and winter fal.ow (FAl.) fol.owed by three sub-pl.ts spl.t into warm.season crop rotations: cowpea green m.nure (CPGm., cowpea-sorghum.intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum.m.nocrop (SORG). Three N fertil.zer treatm.nts (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were random.zed and appl.ed as sub-sub pl.ts. The Cl.m.increased (P sorghum.biom.ss yiel. (16.5 t Dm.ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatm.nt reduced sorghum.yiel. up to 62% com.ared to SORG;whereas CPGm.increased sorghum.yiel. 56% and 18% the two years fol.owing cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertil.zer had no effect on sorghum.biom.ss yiel.. Decrease in SOC and soil.N over tim. indicated m.neral.zation of organic N and m.y expl.in why no N fertil.zer response was observed in sorghum.biom.ss yiel.. Cowpea showed strong potential.as a green m.nure crop but proved to be too com.etitive for successful.intercropping in high-biom.ss sorghum.production system..

关键词： High-Biom.ss Sorghum l.gum.s Green m.nure Intercrop Cowpea Crim.on Cl.ver Soil.Organic Carbon Soil.Nitrogen

Oxidative Stress in Col.egiate Cross Country Skiers in m.d- and Post-Seasons

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Journal.of Biosciences and m.dicines 2024年第5期12卷 99-110页

作者： Scott P. Jerom. Kriya l. Dunl.p Ava m. Parrish m.tthew l. l.wm.n Em.l. m. Shipm.n l.wrence K. Duffy Arl.igh J. Reynol.s Departm.nt of Chem.stry & Biochem.stry University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Institute of Arctic Biol.gy University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Departm.nt of Biol.gy & Wil.l.fe University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA Departm.nt of Veterinary m.dicine University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK USA

Purpose: The oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis of overtraining syndrom. argues that increased production of free radical. through exercise cause m.scl. fatigue and dam.ge resul.ing in l.wer athl.tic perform.nce. Several.studies have investigated OS im.ediatel. before and after exercise bouts in a training m.crocycl.. Our study aim.d to com.are OS of endurance athl.tes between a com.etition m.crocycl. and the im.ediate post-season recovery m.crocycl.. In addition, we aim.d to identify athl.tes who experienced an unexpl.inabl. drop in athl.tic perform.nce during the com.etition season in order to com.are their OS to those who experienced no drop in perform.nce. m.thods: Fifteen m.m.ers of the University of Al.ska Fairbanks cross country ski team.vol.nteered for this study. Bl.od sam.l.s were taken in earl. February (“m.d-season”) and l.te April.(“post-season”). Participants com.l.ted questionnaires regarding physical.activity and athl.tic perform.nce at the tim. of the bl.od draws. Pl.sm. was anal.zed for 4-hydroxynonenal.sup> (HNE), nitrotyrosine, nitric oxide (NOX), and superoxide dism.tase (SOD). Significance was determ.ned by Wil.oxon and m.nn-Whitney tests. Resul.s: Participants displ.yed significantl. higher (p Concl.sion: Signs of oxidative stress and m.tigation during the post-season recovery m.crocycl. were higher in athl.tes who reported experiencing a drop in athl.tic perform.nce during the com.etition season m.crocycl..

关键词： Oxidative Stress 4-Hydroxynonenal Superoxide Dism.tase Athl.tic Perform.nce Training m.crocycl.

High Strain-Rate and Shock Response of Carbon Supercom.ositeTm

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Open Journal.of Com.osite m.terial. 2024年第3期14卷 132-145页

作者： Sum.n Babu Ukyam.Raju P. m.ntena Dam.an l. Stoddard Arunachal.m.m. Rajendran Departm.nt of m.chanical.Engineering University of Mississippi Mississippi USA

This study focuses on assessing the dynam.c behaviors of carbon Supercom.ositeTm.l.m.nates when subjected to high strain-rates and air bl.st l.ads, using a shock tube for testing. The investigation aim. to understand the response of these advanced m.terial. under extrem. conditions, which is crucial.for appl.cations in aerospace, m.l.tary, and other high-perform.nce industries. Supercom.ositeTm.(CZE) prepreg, m.de up of a 3K pl.in weave carbon fabric with m.l.ed carbon fibers as interl.m.nar reinforcem.nts im.regnated with epoxy, is used to create Supercom.ositeTm.(CZE) l.m.nates. A woven carbon com.osite (CBE) l.m.nate was al.o created using 3K pl.in weave Carbon/Epoxy (CBE) prepreg. Both types of l.m.nates were designed and fabricated using the autocl.ve process. The dynam.c behaviors of CZE and CBE l.m.nate under transverse com.ression l.ads were eval.ated using a m.dified Spl.t Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). The study found that the 3D reinforcem.nt with m.l.ed carbon fibers significantl. affected the dynam.c behavior of the CZE l.m.nate. Stereo im.ging videos, captured using two SHIm.DZU high-speed video cam.ras in shock tube experim.nts, recorded the tim. history of back surface defl.ction. The pl.te specim.ns exhibited l.w defl.ctions without any visibl. dam.ge. The experim.ntal.y observed center point defl.ctions of the CZE pl.tes decayed sooner than those of the CBE l.m.nates, indicating an im.rovem.nt in dam.ing due to the presence of 3D reinforced m.l.ed carbon fibers. This research shows that optim.zed util.zation of m.l.ed carbon fibers as 3D reinforcem.nt can withstand high stress in the thickness direction and higher energy absorption when subjected to im.act and high strain-rate l.ading.

关键词： Supercom.ositeTm GOm.Software 3D Reinforcem.nt m.l.ed Carbon Fibers Spl.t Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) Air-Bl.st l.ads