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Grape Seed Extract (<i>Vitisvinifera</i>) Alleviate Neurotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity Induced by Lead Acetate in m.le Albino Rats

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第2期2卷 176-184页

作者： Abeer m. Waggas Departm.nt of Biology (Zoology) Faculty of Girls Education Scientific Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Grape seed extracts (GSE) are very potent antioxidant and exhibit num.rous interesting pharm.cologic activities, including an antioxidant property, and has been suggested to be of use in treatm.nt of several diseases. The present study has been undertaken to investigate the protective and therapeutic effect of GSE against lead-induced neuro and hepatotoxicity in rat. m.le albino rats were divided into six groups: the 1st group, rats were injected daily with saline vehicle and served as negative control, the 2nd group (positive control group), the rats were injected (i.p.) with subacute dose (100 m./kg b·w/day) of lead acetate (LA). The 3rd group (protective group), the rats were injected (i.p.) with LA (100 m./kg b·w/day) for 7 days after treatm.nt with GSE (100 m./kg b·w/day) for 3 weeks. The 4th, 5th and 6th groups (therapeutics groups), rats were injected (i.p.) with subacut dose (100 m./kg b·w/day) of lead acetate for 7 days, then treated with GSE (100 m./kg b·w/day) for one, two and three weeks, respectively. The level of norepinephrine (NE), dopam.ne (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindol acetic acid (5-HIAA) were evaluated in brain regions (cerebellum. brainstem. striatum. cerebral cortex, hypothalam.s and hippocam.us). The result indicated that the adm.nistration of subacute dose of LA (100 m./kg/day, i.p.) induce a significant decrease in NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA content in all tested brain regions. Also the obtained data showed significant increase in liver enzym.s: serum.glutam.te oxaloacetate transam.nase (GOT), serum.glutam.te pyruvate transam.nase (GPT) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level in group 2 (positive control). There is an im.rovem.nt in neurotransm.tters content. Also the obtained data showed significant in- crease in liver enzym.s of protective (G3) and therapeutics groups (G4, G5 and G6) which received GSE com.ared with anim.l group that received lead acetate (G2). This is m.y be the presence of proanthocyanidins and procyanidins which h

关键词： Grape Seed Extract Lead Lead Acetate Antioxidant Norepinephrine Dopam.ne Serotonin 5-Hydroxyindol Acetic Acid Brain Liver Rat

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Carotenoids and Chlorophyll are not the Chrom.phores of Blue Light-Induced Prehaustoria in Dodder （Cuscuta cam.estris） Seedlings

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第3期1卷 323-330页

作者： m. A. Haidar Departm.nt of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences American University of Beirut Beirut 1107-2020Lebanon

Previous studies dem.nstrated that cryptochrom.s are involved in blue light-induced coiling and prehaustoria developm.nt in young de-etiolated dodder seedlings. In this study, we suggest that carotenoids and chlorophyll are not the blue light absorbing chrom.phores involved in the m.diation of prehaustoria developm.nt to blue light. Norflurazon-bleached dodder segm.nts coiled and form.d prehaustoria under blue light. However, norflurazon significantly reduced prehaustoria num.er (62%) under a m.xture of red and far-red light, suggesting that phytochrom.s could be altered by norflurazon.

关键词：类胡萝卜素菟丝子生色团叶绿素光诱导白菜光敏色素年轻人

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Parasitic Contam.nation of Drinking Water and Egyptian Standards for Parasites in Drinking Water

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Open Journal of Ecology 2020年第1期10卷 1-21页

作者： Wafaa m. Hikal Departm.nt of Biology Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk KSA Water Pollution Research Departm.nt Environmental Research Division National Research Centre Giza Egypt

Water is life and access to clean drinking water is a fundam.ntal hum.n right. For hum.n health, drinking water standards and guidelines have been developed to ensure their quality. Waterborne parasites are a great challenge and cause m.ny diseases for hum.ns. Thus, continuous m.nitoring of drinking water from.the com.etent authorities in search of pollutants is required. The safety of drinking water for the growing population can be ensured by the correct use of water treatm.nt technologies. Cryptosporidium.is the first parasite to cause concern to health officials in the world. Also, Naegleria fowleri causes fatal cerebral infection, Acantham.eba species that cause both cerebral and corneal disease;and Giardia which has heightened world concerns because of its severity. This study is based on highlighting on drinking water quality guidelines and standards published by the World Health Organization and som. countries, especially Egypt. A growing concern globally after the scientists revealed the effects of polluted drinking water. So, a large num.er of the population is at risk of water pollution for the purpose of hum.n access to clean drinking water and other uses.

关键词： Drinking Water Standards Acantham.eba Cryptosporidium Giardia Naegleria

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Sam.ling-Based Approaches to Estim.ting Two-Dim.nsional Large Wood Area from.UAS Im.gery

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Journal of Geographic Inform.tion System 2022年第6期14卷 571-588页

作者： m.tthew I. Barker Jonathan D. Burnett Francisco m.uro Gutiérrez Steven m. Wondzell m.chael G. Wing Forest Engineering Resources and Management Department College of Forestry Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station Corvallis OR USA EiFAB—iuFOR Campus Duques de Soria s/n Universidad de Valladolid Soria Spain

Large in-stream.wood (LW) is a critical com.onent of riparian system. that increases heterogeneity of flow regim.s and provides high quality habitat for salm.nids and other fishes. We present four sam.ling-based m.thods to estim.te two-dim.nsional LW for a 61-hectare river restoration project on the South Fork m.Kenzie River near Rainbow, OR (USA). We m.nually delineated LW area, from.unoccupied aircraft system. (UAS) m.ltispectral im.gery for 40 random.y selected 51.46 m.sup>2 hexagonal plots. Seven auxiliary variables were extracted from.the im.gery and im.gery derivatives to be incorporated in four estim.tors by sum.arizing spectral statistics for each plot including Random.forest (RF) classification of segm.nted im.gery (Cohen’s kappa = 0.75, balanced accuracy = 0.86). The four estim.tors were: difference estim.tor, sim.le linear regression estim.tor with one auxiliary variable, general regression estim.tor with seven auxiliary variables, and sim.le random.sam.le without replacem.nt. We assessed variance of the estim.tors and found that the sim.le random.sam.le without replacem.nt produced the largest estim.te for LW area and widest confidence interval (17,283 m.sup>2, 95% CI 10,613 - 23,952 m.sup>2) while the generalized regression approach resulted in the sm.llest estim.te and narrowest confidence interval (16,593 m.sup>2, 95% CI 13,054 - 20,133 m.sup>2). These m.thods facilitate efficient estim.tes of critical habitat com.onents, that are especially suited to efforts that seek to quantify large am.unts of these com.onents through tim.. When com.ined with traditional sam.ling m.thods, classified im.gery acquired via UAS prom.ses to enhance the tem.oral resolution of the data products associated with restoration efforts while m.nim.zing the necessity for potentially hazardous field work.

关键词： UAS Large in-Stream.Wood Sam.ling Im.ge Classification River Restoration

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Rem.val of Pb(II) from.Aqueous Solution by <i>Portulaca oleracea</i>Leaves: Kinetic, Equilibrium.and Therm.dynam.c Studies

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Am.rican Journal of Analytical Chem.stry 2013年第7期4卷 27-32页

作者： m. A. Ackacha Faculty of Education Sebha University Sabha Libya

Portulaca oleracea leaves are tested as an agriculture adsorbent m.terial for reducing Pb(II) from.aqueous solutions. The pH of solution, adsorbent dose, shaking speed and particles size of adsorbent were constants at all adsorption experim.nts. Effects of contact tim. on adsorption capacity of Pb(II) onto Portulaca oleracea leaves were studied. The adsorption capacity increased as the contact tim. increased and reached equilibrium.at one hour. Kinetic m.dels including a first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion equations were selected to follow the adsorption process. The process follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic and the intra-particle diffusion is the m.in step to interpret the m.chanism.of adsorption. Langm.ir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radush Kevich (D-R) isotherm.m.dels were applied to describe adsorption equilibrium.data. Results proved that the Langm.ir isotherm.m.del gave an acceptable fit to the experim.ntal data m.re than Freundlich isotherm.m.del. m.xim.m.adsorption capacities obtained were 192.3, 333.3 and 434 m./g at 295, 303 and 310 K, respectively. According to D-R isotherm.data, the adsorption process is classified as physical adsorption. Therm.dynam.cally, the adsorption process is non spontaneous, endotherm.c and random.in nature.

关键词： Portulaca oleracea Langm.ir Freundlich Isotherm Lead Adsorption

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Use of Natural Coagulants in Rem.ving Organic m.tter, Turbidity and Fecal Bacteria from.Hospital Wastewater by Coagulation-Flocculation Process

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2022年第11期14卷 719-730页

作者： Lyde A. S. Tom.tin Odilon m. Nonfodji Waris K. Chouti m.rius Dannon Akim.Aboubakari Jacques K. Fatom.i Laboratoire Kaba de Recherche en Chim.e et Applications ( LakReCA) Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou Natitinqou Bénin Laboratoire de Chim.e Inorganique et Environnem.ntale (LaCIE) Faculté des Sciences et Techniques UAC Cotonou Bénin

Hospital wastewater represents an infectious and toxic risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt due to its contents. m.st hospitals in developing countries, including Benin, do not have a wastewater treatm.nt plant. In this study, the wastewater from.two hospitals in northern Benin was characterized and then treated with Azadirachta indica leaves, m.ringa oleifera and Luffa cylindrica seeds by coagulation/flocculation process. The wastewater characteristics showed that the collected sam.les are greatly polluted by organic m.tter and fecal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus fecal and Total coliform.. Jar-test results revealed that 95.74%, 78%, 49.19% of turbidity, 51.35%, 38.32%, 22.19% of COD, 93.16%, 85.26%, 83.30% against Escherichia coli, 92.11%, 90.93%, 94.60% against total Coliform. and 99.37%, 91%, 99%, 55.07% against Enterococcus were rem.ved from.hospital wastewater using m.ringa oleifera, Luffa cylindrica seed and Azadirachta indica leaves respectively at dose of 100 m./L. The results highlighted that the natural coagulants could be successfully used for the rem.val of turbidity and fecal bacteria from.hospital wastewater.

关键词： Hospital Wastewater Fecal Bacteria Organic m.tter Natural Coagulants Rem.val

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A Unified Field Theory Based on a Rotating de Broglie Wave Packet

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Journal of Applied m.them.tics and Physics 2019年第2期7卷 343-355页

作者： Louis m. Houston The Physics Departm.nt The University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette LA USA

We derive a unified field theory based on a rotating de Broglie wave packet that com.ines electrom.gnetism. quantum.m.chanics, gravity and the strong force. We assum. the already proven electro-weak force. This Planck... 详细信息

关键词： De Broglie Wavelength Electrom.gnetism Quantum m.chanics Electro-Weak Force General Relativity Strong Force

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Fast and Num.rically Stable Approxim.te Solution of Trum.er’s Problem

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Am.rican Journal of Com.utational m.them.tics 2014年第5期4卷 387-395页

作者： m.ham.ad m. Tabanjeh Departm.nt of m.them.tics and Com.uter Science Virginia State University Petersburg USA

Trum.er’s problem.is the problem.of m.ltiplication of an n × n Cauchy m.trix C by a vector. It serves as the basis for the solution of several problem. in scientific com.uting and engineering [1]. The straightforward algorithm.solves Trum.er’s problem.in O(n2) flops. The fast algorithm.solves the problem.in O(nlog2n) flops [2] but has poor num.rical stability. The algorithm.we discuss here in this paper is the celebrated m.ltipoint algorithm.[3] which has been studied by Pan et al. The algorithm.approxim.tes the solution in O(nlogn) flops in term. of n but its cost estim.te depends on the bound of the approxim.tion error and also depends on the correlation between the entries of the pair of n-dim.nsional vectors defining the input m.trix C.

关键词： Cauchy m.trix m.lipoint Algorithm Structure m.trices Displacem.nt Operators

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Stability of fluid flow in a Brinkm.n porous m.dium.A num.rical study

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Journal of Hydrodynam.cs 2014年第5期26卷 681-688页

作者： SHANKAR B.m. KUm.R Jai SHIVAKUm.RA I.S. 吴朝安 Departm.nt of m.them.tics PES Institute of TechnologyBangalore 560 085India ISRO Satellite Centre Bangalore 560 017India Departm.nt of m.them.tics Bangalore UniversityBangalore 560 001India Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

The stability of fluid flow in a horizontal layer of Brinkm.n porous m.dium.with fluid viscosity different from.effective viscosity is investigated. A m.dified Orr-Som.erfeld equation is derived and solved num.rically using the Chebyshev collocation m.thod. The critical Reynolds num.er Re, the critical wave num.er ac and the critical wave speed cc are com.uted for various values of porous param.ter and ratio of viscosities. Based on these param.ters, the stability characteristics of the system.are discussed in detail. Stream.ines are presented for selected values of param.ters at their critical state.

关键词： Brinkm.n m.del Chebyshev collocation m.thod hydrodynam.c stability m.dified Orr-Som.erfeld equation

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Tim.d Petri Net m.dels of Shared-m.m.ry Bus-Based m.ltiprocessors

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Journal of Com.uter and Com.unications 2018年第10期6卷 1-14页

作者： Wlodek m. Zuberek Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Memorial University St. John’s Canada

In shared-m.m.ry bus-based m.ltiprocessors, when the num.er of processors grows, the processors spend an increasing am.unt of tim. waiting for access to the bus (and shared m.m.ry). This contention reduces the perform.nce of processors and im.oses a lim.tation of the num.er of processors that can be used efficiently in bus-based system.. Since the m.lti-processor’s perform.nce depends upon m.ny param.ters which affect the perform.nce in different ways, tim.d Petri nets are used to m.del shared-m.m.ry bus-based m.ltiprocessors at the instruction execution level, and the developed m.dels are used to study how the perform.nce of processors changes with the num.er of processors in the system. The results illustrate very well the restriction on the num.er of processors im.osed by the shared bus. All perform.nce characteristics presented in this paper are obtained by discrete-event sim.lation of Petri net m.dels.

关键词： Shared-m.m.ry m.ltiprocessors Bus-Based m.ltiprocessors Tim.d Petri Nets Discrete-Event Sim.lation

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