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Co-pyrolysis of cassava peel with synthetic polym.rs:therm.l and kinetic behaviors

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Waste Disposal and sustainable Energy 2021年第4期3卷 289-298页

作者： B.s.Adeboye B.z.Adewole A.m.Adedoja s.O.Obayopo s.A.m.m.ru m.O.idris i.K.Okediran A.A.Asere Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Osun State UniversityOsogboOsun 210001Nigeria Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsunNigeria Departm.nt of Pure and Applied Chem.stry Adamawa State UniversityMubiAdamawaNigeria

This research effort focuses on the co-pyrolysis of cassava peels waste and som. synthetic polym.rs towards energy conversion and reducing the volum. of these waste fractions dum.ed on *** co-pyrolysis behavior and pyrolysis kinetics of various synthetic polym.r wastes/cassava peel blends were investigated by blending cassava peel waste with low-density polyethylene(LDPE),polyethylene terephthalate(PET),and polystyrene(Ps)at different weight *** physical characteristics of each sam.le were investigated and the co-pyrolysis experim.nts were conducted at a heating rate of 10℃/m.n from.room.tem.erature to 800℃in N_(2)atm.sphere in a therm.gravim.tric *** to therm.l decom.osition,kinetic analysis was done using the therm.gravim.tric *** from.physicochem.cal characterization showed that cassava peel has a relatively lower calorific value of 15.92 m./kg com.ared with polystyrene(41.1 m./kg),low-density polyethylene(42.6 m./kg),and polyethylene terephthalate(21.1 m./kg).The therm.l decom.osition behavior of cassava peel was seen to be significantly different from.those of the synthetic *** decom.osition of the biom.ss m.terial such as cassava peel generally occurs in two stages while the decom.osition of LDPE,Ps,and PET occurred in a single *** activation energy required for therm.l degradation in cassava peel was also found to be lower to that of the plastic *** co-pyrolysis of cassava peel and different synthetic polym.rs affected the therm.l and kinetic behaviors of the blends,reduce the activation energy and residue after pyrolysis.

关键词： Co-pyrolysis Cassava peel synthetic Polym.r Kinetic Therm.l

Com.arison study of Two Com.ercial spectrom.ters for Heavy m.tal Analysis of Laser induced Breakdown spectroscopy （LiBs）

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Photonic sensors 2014年第1期4卷 63-69页

作者： m.Arab N.Bidin z.H.Rizvi s.safie m.A.Alsaedi Advance Photonics science institute Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310Johor BahruJohorMalaysia

The purpose of this paper is to com.are the perform.nce of two spectrom.ters that are m.nufactured from.the sam. com.any. in this work, heavy m.tals like lead Pb and copper Cu in the KBr m.trix were analyzed using the laser induced breakdown spectroscopic technique. A Q-switched Nd：YAG laser with 90m. per pulse operating at the fundam.ntal wavelength of 1064nm.and pulse duration of 10 ns was used to generate plasm. at the focal region. The im.ortant experim.ntal param.ters such as the laser energy, integration tim., distance between the lens and sam.le, distance and angle of the optical fiber from.the target were optim.zed. Two spectrom.ters m.nufactured by Ocean Optics nam.ly as m.ya2000Pro and UsB 4000 were em.loyed for anlyzing the spectral lines. The experim.ntal setup and conditions were rem.ined the sam. for both experim.nts. The production of spectral lines from.each of the interested elem.nts was analyzed and com.ared with the NisT （National institute of standards and Technology） database. The sensitivity, repeatability and lim.t of detection for each of the system. are discussed in detail.

关键词： Heavy m.tal spectrom.ter LiBs LOD

m.in Directions and Recent Test m.deling Results of Lithium.Capillary-Pore system. as Plasm. Facing Com.onents

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Plasm. science and Technology 2004年第3期6卷 2291-2295页

作者： V.A.Evtikhin i.E.Lyublinski A.V.Vertkov E.A.Azizov s.V.m.rnov V.B.Lazarev s.m.sotnikov V.m.safronov A.s.Prokhorov V.m.Korzhavin FsUE "Red star"-"Prana-Center" Co Moscow Russian FsUE TRiNiTi Troitsk Moscow region Russian Federation RF m.nistry for Atom.c Energy Moscow

At present the m.st prom.sing principal solution of the divertor problem.ppears to be the use of liquid m.tals and prim.rily of lithium.Capillary-Pore system. (CPs) as ofplasm. facing m.terials. A solid CPs filled with liquid lithium.will have a high resistance tosurface and volum. dam.ge because of neutron radiation effects, m.lting, splashing and therm.lstress-induced cracking in steady state and during plasm. transitions to provide the norm.loperation of divertor target plates and first-wall protecting elem.nts. These m.terials will not bethe sources of im.urities inducing an increase of z_(eff) and they will not be collected as dust inthe divertor area and in ducts. Experim.nts with lithium.CPs under sim.lating conditions of plasm.disruption on a hydrogen plasm. accelerator m.-200 [~ (10 - 15) m./m.2, ~ 50 μs] have beenperform.d. The form.tion of a shielding layer of lithium.plasm. and the high stability of thesesystem. have been shown. The new lithium.lim.ter tests on an up-graded T-11m.tokam.k (plasm. currentup to 100 kA, pulse length ~0.3 s) have been perform.d. sorption and desorption of plasm.-form.nggas, lithium.em.ssion into discharge, lithium.erosion, deposited power of the lim.ter areinvestigated in these experim.nts. The first results of experim.nts are presented.

关键词： lithium divertor plasm. facing m.terial

Com.ressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous m.-zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： J.A.Liu s.J.Liu B.Wang W.B.sun X.J.Liu z.W.Han College of m.terials science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(m.nistry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai institute for Bionics-Jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

in this study,interconnected porous m.-2zn-xY alloys with different phase com.ositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the com.ressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization m.thods were then applied to identify the m.crostructure of the porous m.-zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were perform.d at room.tem.erature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the im.act of the Y addition and testing tem.erature on the com.ressive properties of the porous *** experim.ntal results showed that a high Y content prom.tes a m.crostructure refinem.nt and increases the volum. fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different m.-zn-Y ternary phases appear:i-phase(m._(3)zn_(6)Y),W-phase(m._(3)zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPsO phase(m._(12)znY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the com.ressive strength increases from.6.30m.a to 9.23 m.a,and the energy absorption capacity increases from.7.33 m./m.(3)to 10.97 m./m.(3)at RT,which is m.inly attributed to the phase com.osition and volum. fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the com.ressive deform.tion behaviors of the porous m.-zn-Y are altered by the testing *** com.ressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous m.-zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high tem.erature on the *** deform.tion behaviors at different tem.eratures are finally observed to reflect the failure m.chanism. of the struts.

关键词： Porous m.gnesium Rare earth elem.nts m.crostructure Com.ressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

Observation of a highly conductive warm.dense state of water with ultrafast pum.–probe freeelectron-laser m.asurem.nts

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2021年第5期6卷 1-12页

作者： z.Chen X.Na C.B.Curry s.Liang m.French A.Descam.s D.P.DePonte J.D.Koralek J.B.Kim.s.Lebovitz m.Nakatsutsum. B.K.Ofori-Okai R.Redm.r C.Roedel m.schörner s.skruszewicz P.sperling s.Toleikis m.z.m. s.H.Glenzer sLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA University of Alberta EdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada institute of Physics University of RostockD-18051 RostockGermany Aeronautics and Astronautics Departm.nt Stanford UniversityStanfordCalifornia 94305USA Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois 60208USA European XFEL 22869 SchenefeldGermany Friedrich schiller University Jena 07743 JenaGermany Technical University Darm.tadt 64289 DarmstadtGermany Deutsches Elektronen-synchrotron DEsY 22607 HamburgGermany

The electrical conductivity of water under extrem. tem.eratures and densities plays a central role in m.deling planetary m.gnetic *** data are vital to test theories of high-energy-densitywater and assess the possible developm.nt and presence of extraterrestrial *** states are also im.ortant in biology and chem.stry studies when specim.ns in water are confined and excited using ultrafast optical or free-electron lasers(FELs).Here we utilize fem.osecond optical lasers to m.asure the transient reflection and transm.ssion of ultrathin water sheet sam.les uniform.y heated by a 13.6 nm.FEL approaching a highly conducting state at electron tem.eratures exceeding 20000 *** experim.nt probes the trajectory ofwater through the high-energy-density phase space and provides insights into changes in the index of refraction,charge carrier densities,andACelectrical conductivity at optical *** excitation energy densities exceeding 10m./kg,the index of refraction falls to n0.7,and the therm.lly excited free-carrier density reaches ne531027 m.3,which is over an order of m.gnitude higher than that of the electron carriers produced by direct *** specular reflection is observed owing to critical electron density shielding of electrom.gnetic *** optical conductivity reaches 23104 s/m.a value that is one to two orders of m.gnitude lower than those of sim.lem.tals in a liquid *** electron tem.eratures below 15000 K,the experim.ntal results agreewell with the theoretical calculations using density-functional theory/m.lecular-dynam.cs *** increasing tem.erature,the electron density increases and the system.approaches a Ferm. *** this regim.,the conductivities agree better with predictions from.the zim.n theory of liquid m.tals.

关键词： pum. exceeding state

Paving the way towards an effective treatm.nt for m.ltiple sclerosis: advances in cell therapy

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Cellular & m.lecular im.unology 2021年第6期18卷 1353-1374页

作者： m.J.m.nsilla s.Presas-Rodríguez A.Teniente-serra i.González-Larreategui B.Quirant-sánchez F.Fondelli N.Djedovic D.iwaszkiewicz-Grześ K.Chwojnicki D.m.ljković PTrzonkowski C.Ram.-Tello E.m.m.rtínez-Cáceres Division of im.unology LCMNGermans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research InstituteBarcelonaSpain Departm.nt of Cellular Biology Physiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain m.ltiple sclerosis Unit Department of NeurosciencesGermans Trias i Pujol University HospitalBarcelonaSpain Departm.nt of m.dicine Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain View author publications Departm.nt of im.unology Institute for Biological Research“Siniša Stanković”-National Institute of Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeBelgradeSerbia Departm.nt of m.dical im.unology Medical University of GdańskGdańskPoland Poltreg s.A. GdańskPoland Departm.nt of Anaesthesiology&intensive Care Medical University of GdańskGdańskPoland

m.ltiple sclerosis(m.)is a leading cause of chronic neurological disability in young to m.ddle-aged adults,affecting~2.5 m.llion people ***,m.st therapeutics for m. are system.c im.unosuppressive or im.unom.dulatory drugs,but these drugs are unable to halt or reverse the disease and have the potential to cause serious adverse ***,there is an urgent need for the developm.nt of next-generation treatm.nts that,alone or in com.ination,stop the undesired autoim.une response and contribute to the restoration of *** review analyzes current m. treatm.nts as well as different cell-based therapies that have been proposed to restore hom.ostasis in m. patients(tolerogenic dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,m.senchym.l stem.cells,and vaccination with T cells).Data collected from.preclinical studies perform.d in the experim.ntal autoim.une encephalom.elitis(EAE)m.del of m. in anim.ls,in vitro cultures of cells from.m. patients and the initial results of phase i/ii clinical trials are analyzed to better understand which param.ters are relevant for obtaining an efficient cell-based therapy for m..

关键词： m.ltiple sclerosis cell-based therapy tolerance neuroprotection autoim.unity

A portable X-pinch design for x-ray diagnostics of warm.dense m.tter

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m.tter and Radiation at Extrem.s 2022年第1期7卷 53-63页

作者： J.strucka J.W.D.Halliday T.Gheorghiu H.Horton B.Krawczyk P.m.loney s.Parker G.Rowland N.schwartz s.stanislaus s.Theocharous C.Wilson z.zhao T.A.shelkovenko s.A.Pikuz s.N.Bland Plasm. Physics Group Imperial College LondonLondon SW72BWUnited Kingdom University of Cam.ridge CambridgeUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Nuclear Plasmaand Radiological EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Lebedev Physical institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119991Russia

We describe the design and x-ray em.ssion properties(tem.oral,spatial,and spectral)of Dry Pinch i,a portable X-pinch driver developed at im.erial College *** Pinch i is a direct capacitor discharge device,30033003700 m.3 in size and∼50 kg in m.ss,that can be used as an external driver for x-ray diagnostics in high-energy-density physics *** key findings,the device is shown to reliably produce 1.1±0.3 ns long x-ray bursts that couple∼50 m. of energy into photon energies from.1 to 10 *** average shot-to-shot jitter of these bursts is found to be 10±4.6 ns using a com.ination of x-ray and current *** spatial extent of the x-ray hot spot from.which the radiation em.nates agrees with previously published results for X-pinches-suggesting a spot size of 10±6μm.in the soft energy region(1–10 keV)and 190±100μm.in the hard energy region(>10 keV).These characteristics m.an that Dry Pinch i is ideally suited for use as a probe in experim.nts driven in the laboratory or at external facilities when m.re conventional sources of probing radiation are not *** the sam. tim.,this is also the first detailed investigation of an X-pinch operating reliably at current rise rates of less than 1 kA/ns.

关键词： energy diagnostics pinch

Generation of Nonlinear Force Driven Blocks from.skin Layer interaction of Petawatt-Picosecond Laser Pulses for iCF

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Plasm. science and Technology 2004年第1期6卷 2172-2178页

作者： HeinrichHora CangYu HeXiantu zhangJie F.Osm.n J.Badziak F.P.Boody s.Gam.ino R.Hoepfl K.Jungwirth B.Kralikova J.Kraska L.Laska LiuHong G.H.m.ley P.Parys PengHansheng m.Pfeifer K.Rohlena J.skala z.skladanowski L.Torrisi J.Ullschm.ed J.Wolowski zhangWeiyan Departm.ntofTheoreticalPhysics UniversityofNewSouthWalesSydney2052Australia schoolofQuantitativem.thodsandm.them.ticalscience UniversityofWesternSydneyPenrithAustralia EU-Team.Warsaw PragueCataniaDeggendorfRegensburgSydney ChinaAcadem.ofEngineeringPhysics-ChineseAcadem.ofscience-Team MianyangandBeijingChina FusionstudiesLab. UniversityofIllinoisUrbana61081USA

The discovery of the essential difference of m.xim.m.ion energy for TW-pslaser plasm. interaction com.ared with, the 100 ns laser pulses led to the theory of a skin layerm.del where the control of prepulses suppressed the usual relativistic self-focusing. The subsequentgeneration of two nonlinear force driven blocks has been dem.nstrated experim.ntally and inextensive num.rical studies where one block m.ves against the laser light and the other block intothe irradiated target. These blocks of nearly solid state density DT plasm. correspond to ion beam.urrent densities exceeding 10^(10) A/cm.2 where the ion velocity can be chosen up to highlyrelativistic values. Using the results of the expected ignition of DT fuel by light ion beam., aself-sustained fusion reaction front m.y be generated even into uncom.ressed solid DT fuel sim.larto the Nuckolls-Wood schem. where 10 kJ laser pulses produce 100 m. fusion energy. This new andsim.lified schem. of laser-iCF needs and optim.sation of the involved param.ters.

关键词： laser plasm. interaction nonlinear force driven blocks skin layer laserpulses

基于Gase和Gase_(0.7)s_(0.3)单晶的单脉冲CO_2激光倍频器(英文)

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中国光学 2011年第4期4卷 397-403页

作者： TARAsENKO V F siTNiKOV A G PANCHENKO A N TEL'm.NOV A E GENiN D E 李殿军张来明姜可谢冀江 sARKisOV s Yu BEREzNAYA s A KOROTCHENKO z V KAzAKOV A V 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院强电流研究所俄罗斯托木斯克634055 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所激光与物质相互作用国家重点实验室吉林长春130033 托木斯克州立大学西伯利亚物理技术研究所半导体材料科学实验室托木斯克634034俄罗斯

描述了使用电感储能发生器和半导体转换开关泵浦的工作波长为10.6μm.高效CO2激光器。给出了激光泵浦的非线性晶体Gase和Gase0.7s0.3的二次谐波振荡的实验数据和理论估算结果。结果显示,Gase晶体在输入能量为180m.时,最大能量转换效率... 详细信息

描述了使用电感储能发生器和半导体转换开关泵浦的工作波长为10.6μm.高效CO2激光器。给出了激光泵浦的非线性晶体Gase和Gase0.7s0.3的二次谐波振荡的实验数据和理论估算结果。结果显示,Gase晶体在输入能量为180m.时,最大能量转换效率为0.38%,倍频激光的峰值功率为8 kW。

关键词： Gase Gase0.7s0.3 单脉冲CO2激光倍频器