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As clear as m.d： Turbidity induces behavioral chang.s in the African cichlid Pseudocrenilabrus m.lticolor

Current Zoolog. 2012年第1期58卷 146-157页

作者： g.ay, Suzanne m. m.donnell, Laura H. Cinouem.ni, Fabio g. chapman, Lauren J. Departm.nt of Biolog. McGill University 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave Montreal QC Canada H3A 1B1 Current address: Departm.nt of Biolog. University of Toronto at Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road North Mississauga ON Canada L5L 1C6 Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx NY 10460 USA

Aquatic biodiversity is being.lost at an unprecedented rate. One factor driving.this loss is increased turbidity, an environm.ntal stressor that can im.ose behavioral, m.rpholog.cal, and/or physiolog.cal costs on fishes. Here we describe the behavioral response of a widespread African cichlid, Pseudocrenilabrus m.lticolor victoriae, to turbidity. We used a split-brood rearing.desig. to test if F1 offspring.reared in turbid water, orig.nating.from.river (turbid) and swam. (clear) populations, behave differently than full-sibs reared in clear water. We exam.ned two facets of behavior: (1) behaviors of fish in full sib g.oups, including.activity level and social dynam.cs collected during.the rearing.period; and (2) m.le ag.ressive behavior directed at potential m.le com.etitors after fish had reached m.turity; this was done in an experim.ntal set-up independent of the rearing.aquaria. Reg.rdless of population of orig.n, fish reared in turbid water were m.rg.nally less active and perform.d fewer social behaviors than those reared in clear water. On the other hand, when tested ag.inst a com.etitor in turbid water, m.les perform.d m.re ag.ressive behaviors, reg.rdless of population of orig.n or rearing.environm.nt. Our results sug.est a plastic behavioral response to turbidity that m.y allow P. m.lticolor to persist over a rang. of turbidity levels in nature by decreasing.activity and g.neral social behaviors and intensifying.reproductive behaviors to ensure reproductive success . [ABSTRACT FROm.AUTHOR]

关键词：攻击行为浊度水多色非洲水生生物多样性泥浆社会行为鲷

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Liquid biopsies in pancreatic cancer:targ.ting.the portal vein

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Journal of Pancreatolog. 2019年第3期2卷 76-81页

作者： chapman Christopher g. Long.Trevor Waxm.n Irving Center for Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics(CERT) The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological SciencesChicagoIL 60637USA

Pancreatic cancer is a hig.ly lethal m.lig.ancy with poor overall survival due to silent prog.ession until prim.ry tum.r g.owth or m.tastatic dissem.nation develops clinical sym.tom..Even in the m.nority of patients with early diag.osis and candidacy for curative intent surg.ry,postoperative recurrence after surg.cal resection is very frequent.Due to these finding.,efforts to identify m.nim.lly invasive ways to provide earlier diag.osis and enhanced prog.ostication are increasing.y warranted.Liquid biopsies assessing.for tum.r derived m.terials shed into the blood are a prom.sing.tool to accom.lish this g.al;however,in pancreatic cancer,peripheral blood analyses rem.in dependent on the deg.ee of tum.r burden with a prohibitively low yield until the cancer is widely m.tastatic.To overcom. this lim.tation,increasing.literature has em.rg.d evaluating.the possibility of portal venous blood as a new,potentially hig.er yield liquid biopsy targ.t in pancreatic cancer.This review will discuss the current literature and clinical application potential of m.senteric vasculature,or portal venous blood,as liquid biopsies in the diag.osis,prog.osis and m.nag.m.nt of patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Circulating.tum.r cells Circulating.tum.r DNA Endoscopic ultrasound Exosom.s Liquid biopsy Pancreatic cancer

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Search for the doubly charm.d baryon ?cc~+

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2021年第10期64卷 6-17页

作者： R. Aaij C. Abellán Beteta T. Ackernley B. Adeva m. Adinolfi H. Afsharnia C. A. Aidala S. Aiola Z. Ajaltouni S. Akar J. Albrecht F. Alessio m. Alexander A. Alfonso Albero Z. Aliouche g. Alkhazov P. Alvarez Cartelle S. Am.to Y. Am.is L. An L. Anderlini A. Andreianov m. Andreotti F. Archilli A. Artam.nov m. Artuso K. Arzym.tov E. Aslanides m. Atzeni B. Audurier S. Bachm.nn m. Bachm.yer J. J. Back P. Baladron Rodrig.ez V. Balag.ra W. Baldini J. Baptista Leite R. J. Barlow S. Barsuk W. Barter m. Bartolini F. Baryshnikov J. m. Basels g. Bassi B. Batsukh A. Battig.A. Bay m. Becker F. Bedeschi I. Bediag. A. Beiter V. Belavin S. Belin V. Bellee K. Belous I. Belov I. Belyaev g. Bencivenni E. Ben-Haim.A. Berezhnoy R. Bernet D. Berning.off H. C. Bernstein C. Bertella A. Bertolin C. Betancourt F. Betti I. Bezshyiko S. Bhasin J. Bhom.L. Bian m. S. Bieker S. Bifani P. Billoir m. Birch F. C. R. Bishop A. Bitadze A. Bizzeti m. Bj?rn m. P. Blag. T. Blake F. Blanc S. Blusk D. Bobulska J. A. Boelhauve O. Boente g.rcia T. Boettcher A. Boldyrev A. Bondar N. Bondar S. Borg.i m. Borisyak m. Borsato J. T. Borsuk S. A. Bouchiba T. J. V. Bowcock A. Boyer C. Bozzi m. J. Bradley S. Braun A. Brea Rodrig.ez m. Brodski J. Brodzicka A. Brossa g.nzalo D. Brundu A. Buonaura C. Burr A. Bursche A. Butkevich J. S. Butter J. Buytaert W. Byczynski S. Cadeddu H. Cai R. Calabrese L. Calefice L. Calero Diaz S. Cali R. Calladine m. Calvi m. Calvo g.m.z P. Cam.rg. m.g.lhaes P. Cam.ana A. F. Cam.overde Quezada S. Capelli L. Capriotti A. Carbone g. Carboni R. Cardinale A. Cardini I. Carli P. Carniti L. Carus K. Carvalho Akiba A. Casais Vidal g. Casse m. Cattaneo g. Cavallero S. Celani J. Cerasoli A. J. Chadwick M. G. Chapman m. Charles P. Charpentier g. Chatzikonstantinidis C. A. Chavez Barajas m. Chefdeville C. Chen S. Chen A. Chernov V. Chobanova S. Cholak m. Chrzaszcz A. Chubykin V. Chulikov P. Ciam.rone m. F. Cicala X. Cid Vidal g. Ciezarek P. E. L. Clarke m. Clem.ncic H. V. Clif J. Closier J. L. Cobbledick V. Coco J. A. B. Coelho J. Cog.n E. Cog.eras L. Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Computer Science Electronics and Telecommunications Ag.-University of Science and Technolog. Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Aix m.rseille Univ Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (SB RAS) Cavendish Laboratory University of Cambridge Center for Hig. Energ. Physics Tsinghua University Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) DS4DS La Salle Universitat Ramon Llull Departam.nto de Fisica Universidad Nacional de Colombia Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of Manchester Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Uppsala University Departm.nt of Physics University of Oxford Departm.nt of Physics University of Warwick Eotvos Lorand University European Org.nization for Nuclear Research (CERN) Fakult?t Physik Technische Universit?t Dortmund g.ang.ong.Provencial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science Institute of Quantum Matter South China Normal University H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory University of Bristol Hang.hou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hanoi University of Science Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academ. of Sciences Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Eng.neering I. Physikalisches Institut RWTH Aachen University ICCUB Universitat de Barcelona INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di Bari INFN Sezione di Bolog.a INFN Sezione di Cag.iari INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di Firenze INFN Sezione di g.nova INFN Sezione di m.lano INFN Sezione di m.lano-Bicocca INFN Sezione di Perug.a INFN Sezione di Pisa INFN Sezione di Rom. La Sapienza INFN Sezione di Rom. Tor Verg.ta Im.erial Colleg. London Institut für Physik Universit?t Rostock Institute Of Hig. Energ. Physics (IHEP) Institute for Hig. Energ. Physics NRC Kurchatov Institute (IHEP NRC KI) Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academ. of Sciences (KINR) Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academ. of Sciences (INR RAS) Institute of Nuclear Physics Moscow State University (SINP MSU) Institut

A search for the doubly charm.d baryon ?cc~+ with the decay m.de ?cc~+→Ξc~+K~-π~+ is perform.d using.proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-m.ss energ. of 13 TeV collected by the LHCb experim.nt from.2016 to 2018, corresponding.to an integ.ated lum.nosity of 5.4 fb-1. No sig.ificant sig.al is observed within the invariant m.ss rang. of 3.6 to 4.0 g.V/c~2. Upper lim.ts are set on the ratio R of the production cross-section tim.s the total branching.fraction of the ?cc~+→Ξc~+K~-π~+ decay with respect to the Ξcc++→Λc~+K~-π~+π~+ decay. Upper lim.ts at 95% credibility level for R in the rang. 0.005 to 0.11 are obtained for diferent hypotheses on the ?cc~+ m.ss and lifetim. in the rapidity rang. from.2.0 to 4.5 and transverse m.m.ntum.rang. from.4 to 15 g.V/c.

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氢氯噻嗪和阿替洛尔的降压作用及对代谢的影响

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中华高血压杂志 2012年第6期20卷 598-598页

作者： Steven m. Sm.th Yan g.ng.Stephen T. Turner Rhonda m. Cooper-DeHoff Am.er L. Beitelshees Arlene B. chapman Eric Boerwinkle Kent Bailey Julie A. Johnson John g. g.m. 罗冬梅叶鹏

除影响血压水平外，噻嗪类利尿剂和β受体阻滞剂还会造成不良的代谢作用（adversem.taboliceffects，Am.），这两种影响是否由相同的机制造成还不明确。

关键词：代谢作用降压作用阿替洛尔氢氯噻嗪 β受体阻滞剂噻嗪类利尿剂血压水平

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A g.neric m.del to Estim.te Wheat LAI over g.owing.Season Reg.rdless of the Soil-Type Backg.ound

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Plant Phenom.cs 2023年第2期5卷 333-352页

作者： Qiaom.n Chen Bang.ou Zheng.Karine Chenu Scott C.chapman School of Ag.iculture and Food Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLDAustralia Ag.iculture and Food CSIROQueensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLDAustralia The University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationToowoombaQLDAustralia

It is valuable to develop a g.neric m.del that can accurately estim.te the leaf area index(LAI)of wheat from.unm.nned aerial vehicle-based m.ltispectral data for diverse soil backg.ounds without any g.ound calibration.To achieve this objective,2 strateg.es were investig.ted to im.rove our existing.random.forest reg.ession(RFR)m.del,which was trained with sim.lations from.a radiative transfer m.del(PROSAIL).The 2 strateg.es consisted of(a)broadening.the reflectance dom.in of soil backg.ound to g.nerate training.data and(b)finding.an appropriate set of indicators(band reflectance and/or veg.tation indices)as inputs of the RFR m.del.The RFR m.dels were tested in diverse soils representing.varying.soil types in Australia.Sim.lation analysis indicated that adopting.both strateg.es resulted in a g.neric m.del that can provide accurate estim.tion for wheat LAI and is resistant to chang.s in soil backg.ound.From.validation on 2 years of field trials,this m.del achieved hig. prediction accuracy for LAI over the entire crop cycle(LAI up to 7 m.(2)m.(−2))(root m.an square error(Rm.E):0.23 to 0.89 m.(2)m.(−2)),including.for sparse canopy(LAI less than 0.3 m.(2)m.(−2))g.own on different soil types(Rm.E:0.02 to 0.25 m.(2)m.(−2)).The m.del reliably captured the seasonal pattern of LAI dynam.cs for different treatm.nts in term. of g.notypes,plant densities,and water–nitrog.n m.nag.m.nts(correlation coefficient:0.82 to 0.98).With appropriate adaptations,this fram.work can be adjusted to any type of sensors to estim.te various traits for various species(including.but not lim.ted to LAI of wheat)in associated disciplines,e.g.,crop breeding.precision ag.iculture,etc.

关键词： soil Wheat breeding

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美国警察的意外死亡和被杀

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河南警察学院学报 2016年第4期25卷 62-66页

作者：塞缪尔·g.查普曼王志亮(译) 奥克拉荷马大学政治学与法律执行管理系上海政法学院刑事司法学院

在美国,警察因公殉职司空见惯,这其中既有被杀的情形也有事故丧生的情况。从1960年开始,美国联邦调查局作出了报告,事故中的伤亡人数令人震惊。从1960年到1990年底,在31年的时间里,共有1600名警察在事故中丧生;死亡人数从1960年报告的2... 详细信息

在美国,警察因公殉职司空见惯,这其中既有被杀的情形也有事故丧生的情况。从1960年开始,美国联邦调查局作出了报告,事故中的伤亡人数令人震惊。从1960年到1990年底,在31年的时间里,共有1600名警察在事故中丧生;死亡人数从1960年报告的20名这个低点上升到1989年79名的高点。在这31年时间里,每年平均约52名警察死于意外事故。2013年有32名美国警察被枪杀,2014年被枪杀的警察人数多达50名,比2013年激增了56%;2013年仅有5名警察被伏击而死,2014年有15名警察遭伏击而死,与2012年持平。警察被杀与警察调查犯罪嫌疑人有关联,与其自身的某些因素相关,与促发事件相关。为纪念因公殉职的警察,美国建立了一座国家执法官员纪念碑,社会还组建了执法官员基金会。

关键词：美国警察死亡纪念

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The Chrom.som.l Control of Leaf Characteristics of Early-Stag. Plants in Wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L.)

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Ag.icultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 159-165页

作者： LI Cun-dong.BAI Zhi-ying.Ye g.m.yag. m.chapman S Reader S m.LIU Chun-ji CSIRO Plant Industry Queensland Bioscience PrecinctSt LuciaQLD 4067Australia Faculty of Ag.iculture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China Colleg. of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000P.R.China School of Land and Food Sciences University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkColney NorwichNR4 7UHUK

Rapid expansion of leaves of early-stag. plants in wheat produced by chrom.som.l control of characteristics related to rapid expansion of the first six leaves of wheat were investig.ted using.a set of sing.e chrom.som. substitution lines under two different tem.erature reg.m.s（TRs）.Results from.this study indicated that several chrom.som.s could be responsible for each of the four characteristics studied（including.leaf width,leaf leng.h,leaf elong.tion rate and leaf appearance index） and that different chrom.som.s m.y be responsible for the sam. characteristics at different TRs.Only a sm.ll num.er of substitutions that showed the m.st sig.ificant effects on leaf leng.h were found am.ng.those that showed the m.st sig.ificant effects on leaf width,providing.further evidence that these two characteristics are likely controlled by different sets of g.nes.Substitutions 4B,4D,and 5A are am.ng.those that were repeatedly detected to having.sig.ificant effects on different leaf characteristics at the lower-TR and g.nes residing.on these three chrom.som.s could be hom.log.us.This possibility and its im.lication are discussed.

关键词： wheat leaf characteristics chrom.som.l control

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m.lnutrition in cirrhosis:m.re food for thoug.t

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World Journal of Hepatolog. 2020年第11期12卷 883-896页

作者： Brooke chapman m.rie Sinclair Paul J g.w Adam.g.Testro Nutrition and Dietetics Departm.nt Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084Australia Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084Australia

m.lnutrition is hig.ly prevalent in liver cirrhosis and its presence carries im.ortant prog.ostic im.lications.The clinical conditions and pathophysiolog.cal m.chanism. that cause m.lnutrition in cirrhosis are m.ltiple and interrelated.Anorexia and liver decom.ensation sym.tom. lead to poor dietary intake;m.tabolic chang.s characterised by elevated energ. expenditure,reduced g.ycog.n storag.,an accelerated starvation response and protein catabolism.result in m.scle and fat wasting.and,m.labsorption renders the cirrhotic patient unable to fully absorb or utilise food that has been consum.d.m.lnutrition is therefore a considerable challeng. to m.nag. effectively,particularly as liver disease prog.esses.A hig. energ.,hig. protein diet is recog.ised as standard of care,yet patients strug.le to follow this recom.endation and there is lim.ted evidence to g.ide m.lnutrition interventions in cirrhosis and liver transplantation.In this review,we seek to detail the factors which contribute to poor nutritional status in liver disease,and hig.lig.t com.lexities far g.eater than“poor appetite”or“reduced oral intake”leading.to m.lnutrition.We also discuss m.nag.m.nt strateg.es to optim.se nutritional status in this patient g.oup,which targ.t the inter-related m.chanism. unique to advanced liver disease.Finally,future research requirem.nts are sug.ested,to develop effective treatm.nts for one of the m.st com.on and debilitating.com.lications afflicting.cirrhotic patients.

关键词： m.lnutrition Cirrhosis Liver transplantation Chronic liver disease Nutrition Sarcopenia

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Perform.nce and calibration of quark/g.uon-jet tag.ers using.140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： g. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling.N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorm. H. Abram.wicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam.Bourdarios L. Adam.zyk S.V. Addepalli m.J. Addison J. Adelm.n A. Adig.zel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik m.N. Ag.ras J. Ag.rwala A. Ag.arwal C. Ag.eorg.iesei A. Ahm.d F. Ahm.dov W.S. Ahm.d S. Ahuja X. Ai g. Aielli A. Aikot m. Ait Tam.ihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg.m. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akim.v D. Akiyam. N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury g.L. Alberg.i J. Albert P. Albicocco g.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt m. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi m. Alg.en m. Alhroob B. Ali H.m.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus m. Aliev g. Alim.nti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.m.m. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpig.ani m. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez m. Alves Cardoso m.g. Alvig.i m. Aly Y. Am.ral Coutinho A. Am.ler C. Am.lung.m. Am.rl C.g. Am.s D. Am.dei S.P. Am.r Dos Santos K.R. Am.s V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Ang.lidakis A. Ang.ram. A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel m.T. Anthony E. Antipov m. Antonelli F. Anulli m. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo m.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcang.letti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arg.in S. Arg.ropoulos J.-H. Arling.O. Arnaez H. Arnold g. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assam.g.n R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin m. Atkinson H. Atm.ni P.A. Atm.siddha K. Aug.ten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup g. Avolio K. Axiotis g. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backm.n A. Badea P. Bag.aia m. Bahm.ni A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi g.pta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubram.nian E.m. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.m. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas m. Bandieram.nte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak m. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis m. Barbero m.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari m.S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron m. The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets orig.nating.from.quarks and g.uons,often referred to as quark/g.uon tag.ing.plays an im.ortant role in various analyses perform.d at the Larg. Hadron Collider,as Standard m.del m.asurem.nts and searches for new particles decaying.to quarks often rely on suppressing.a larg. g.uon-induced backg.ound.This paper describes the m.asurem.nt of the efficiencies of quark/g.uon tag.ers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using.√s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integ.ated lum.nosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS experim.nt.Two tag.ers with hig. perform.nces in rejecting.jets from.g.uon over jets from.quarks are studied:one tag.er is based on requirem.nts on the num.er of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other com.ines several jet substructure observables using.a boosted decision tree.A m.thod is established to determ.ne the quark/g.uon fraction in data,by using.quark/g.uon-enriched subsam.les defined by the jet pseudorapidity.Differences in tag.ing.efficiency between data and sim.lation are provided for jets with transverse m.m.ntum.between 500 g.V and 2 TeV and for m.ltiple tag.er working.points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK g.UON TAg.INg

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g.obal Wheat Head Detection Challeng.s:Winning.m.dels and Application for Head Counting

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Plant Phenom.cs 2023年第3期5卷 460-473页

作者： Etienne David Franklin Og.di Daniel Sm.th Scott chapman Benoit de Solan Wei g.o Frederic Baret Ian Stavness Um. 1114 Em.AH INRAEAvignonFrance Arvalis–Institut du Vég.tal ParisFrance Departm.nt of Com.uter Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada School of Food and Ag.icultural Sciences University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia g.aduate School of Ag.icultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Data com.etitions have becom. a popular approach to crowdsource new data analysis m.thods for g.neral and specialized data science problem..Data com.etitions have a rich history in plant phenotyping.and new outdoor field datasets have the potential to em.race solutions across research and com.ercial applications.We developed the g.obal Wheat Challeng. as a g.neralization com.etition in 2020 and 2021 to find m.re robust solutions for wheat head detection using.field im.g.s from.different reg.ons.We analyze the winning.challeng. solutions in term. of their robustness when applied to new datasets.We found that the desig. of the com.etition had an influence on the selection of winning.solutions and provide recom.endations for future com.etitions to encourag. the selection of m.re robust solutions.

关键词： Wheat specialized com.etition

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