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Energy m.teorology f.r the Evaluation of.Solar f.rm.Therm.l Im.acts on Desert Habitats

ADVANCES IN ATm.SPHERIC SCIENCES 2025年第2期42卷 313-326页

作者： Coim.ra, Carlos f. m. Univ Calif.San Diego Ctr Excellence Renewable Resource Integrat Jacobs Sch Engn Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA Univ Calif.San Diego Ctr Energy Res La Jolla CA 92093 USA

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of.solar power plant im.acts, with a particular f.cus on therm.l ef.ects of.solar plants on the environm.nt and vice-versa. Large-scale solar power plants are of.en sited in arid or desert habitats, which tend to include f.una and f.ora that are highly sensitive to changes in tem.erature and hum.dity. Our understanding of.both shortwave (solar) and longwave (terrestrial) radiation processes in solar power plants is com.lete enough to render the m.deling of.radiation f.uxes with high conf.dence f.r m.st applications. In contrast to radiation, the convective environm.nt in large-scale solar power plants is m.ch m.re dif.icult to characterize. Wind direction, wind speed, turbulence intensity, dust concentration, ground condition, panel conf.guration density, orientation and distribution throughout the solar f.eld, all af.ect the local environm.nt, the balance between radiation and convection, and in turn, the perf.rm.nce and therm.l im.act of.solar power plants. Because the tem.eratures of.the two sides of.photovoltaic (PV) panels depend on detailed convection-radiation balances, the uncertainty associated with convection af.ects the heat and m.ss transf.r balances as well. Those balances are critically im.ortant in estim.ting the therm.l im.act of.large-scale solar f.rm. on local habitats. Here we discuss outstanding issues related with these transf.r processes f.r utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain usef.l knowledge about the convective environm.nt directly f.om.solar f.rm. under operating conditions. (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic). (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic), (sic)

关键词： environm.ntal im.act solar f.rm. therm.l balances shortwave and longwave radiation convection (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic)(sic) (sic)(sic)

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Robust-optim.l control of.electrom.gnetic levitation system.with m.tched and unm.tched uncertainties: experim.ntal validation

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CONTROL THEORY AND TECHNOLOGY 2025年第1期23卷 28-48页

作者： Pandey, Am.t Adhyaru, Dipak m. Nirm. Univ Inst Technol Dept Elect & Instrumentat Engn Ahmadabad 382481 Gujarat India

The electrom.gnetic levitation system.(Em.S) serves as the m.st im.ortant part of.any m.gnetic levitation system. However, its characteristics are def.ned by its highly nonlinear dynam.cs and instability. f.rtherm.re, the uncertainties in the dynam.cs of.an electrom.gnetic levitation system.m.ke the controller design m.re dif.icult. Theref.re, it is necessary to design a robust control law that will ensure the system.s stability in the presence of.these uncertainties. In this f.am.work, the dynam.cs of.an electrom.gnetic levitation system.are addressed in term. of.m.tched and unm.tched uncertainties. The robust control problem.is translated into the optim.l control problem. where the uncertainties of.the electrom.gnetic levitation system.are directly ref.ected in the cost f.nction. The optim.l control m.thod is used to solve the robust control problem. The solution to the optim.l control problem.f.r the electrom.gnetic levitation system.is indeed a solution to the robust control problem.of.the electrom.gnetic levitation system.under m.tched and unm.tched uncertainties. The sim.lation and experim.ntal results dem.nstrate the perf.rm.nce of.the designed control schem.. The perf.rm.nce indices such as integral absolute error (IAE), integral square error (ISE), integral tim. absolute error (ITAE), and integral tim. square error (ITSE) are com.ared f.r both uncertainties to showcase the robustness of.the designed control schem..

关键词： Nonlinear system Robust control Optim.l control HJB equation Lyapunov stability Electrom.gnetic levitation system

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m.gnetism.and cryogenic m.gnetocaloric ef.ect of.triangular-lattice LnOf.Ln=Gd,Dy,Ho,and Er) com.ounds

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Journal of.Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 98-104,I0004页

作者： Jianjian Gong Lu Tian Lei Zhang Zhaojun m. Yuanpeng Wang Jun Shen School of.Rare Earths University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Key Laboratory of.Rare Earths Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou34119China Departm.nt of.Energy and Power Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing00081China

f.ustrated lanthanide oxides with dense m.gnetic lattice and suppressed ordering tem.erature have potential applications in cryogenic m.gnetic ***,the crystal structure,m.gnetic properties,m.gnetic phase transition(m.T)together with m.gnetocaloric ef.ect(m.E)of.LnOf.Ln=Gd,Dy,Ho,and Er)com.ounds were *** study shows that these com.ounds crystallize in the centrosym.etric space group R3m.with an ideal triangular *** long-range m.gnetic ordering is observed above 2 K f.r LnOf.Ln=Gd,Ho,and Er).However,DyOf.com.ound undergoes an m.T f.om.param.gnetic(Pm.to antif.rrom.gnetic(Af.0}at the Neel tem.erature(TN≈4 K).Considerable reversible m.E is observed in these triangular-lattice *** the m.gnetic f.eld change(μ0ΔH)of.0-2 T,the m.xim.m.values of.m.gnetic entropy change(-ΔSm.ax)of.them.are 6.1,9.4,12.7,and 14.1 J/(kg·K),***,the value of.ErOf.with Ising-like spin is 2.3 tim.s that of.GdOf.which provides an approach f.r exploring m.gnetic ref.igerants with excellent low-f.eld cryogenic m.gnetocaloric ef.ect.

关键词： Geom.tric m.gnetic f.ustration m.gnetic phase transition m.gnetocaloric ef.ect m.gnetic ref.igeration Rare earths

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One-loop approxim.tion of.m.ller scattering in generalized Krein-space quantization

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Science China(Physics,m.chanics & Astronom.) 2009年第2期52卷 212-217页

作者： f. PAYANDEH m. m.HRAf.RIN m. V. TAKOOK Physics Departm.nt Amirkabir University of Technology Payam. Noor University Physics Departm.nt Razi University

It has been shown that the negative-norm.states necessarily appear in a covariant quantization of.the f.ee m.nim.lly coupled scalar f.eld in de Sitter spacetim.. In this processes ultraviolet and inf.ared di- vergences have been autom.tically elim.nated. A natural renorm.lization of.the one-loop interacting quantum.f.eld in m.nkowski spacetim. (λφ 4) has been achieved through the consideration of.the nega- tive-norm.states def.ned in Krein space. It has been shown that the com.ination of.quantum.f.eld theory in Krein space together with consideration of.quantum.m.tric f.uctuation, results in quantum.f.eld the- ory without any divergences. Pursuing this approach, we express Wick’s theorem.and calculate m.ller scattering in the one-loop approxim.tion in generalized Krein space. The m.them.tical consequence of.this m.thod is the disappearance of.the ultraviolet divergence in the one-loop approxim.tion.

关键词： quantum f.eld theory Krein space negative energy states

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Energy m.teorology f.r the Evaluation of.Solar f.rm.Therm.l Im.acts on Desert Habitats

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2025年第02期 313-326页

作者： Carlos f.m.COIm.RA Departm.nt of.m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering Center of Excellence in Renewable Resource Integration and Center for Energy Research University of California San Diego

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of.solar power plant im.acts, with a particular f.cus on therm.l ef.ects of.solar plants on the environm.nt and vice-versa. Large-scale solar power plants are of.en sited in arid or desert habitats, which tend to include f.una and f.ora that are highly sensitive to changes in tem.erature and hum.dity. Our understanding of.both shortwave(solar) and longwave(terrestrial) radiation processes in solar power plants is com.lete enough to render the m.deling of.radiation f.uxes with high conf.dence f.r m.st applications. In contrast to radiation, the convective environm.nt in large-scale solar power plants is m.ch m.re dif.icult to characterize. Wind direction, wind speed, turbulence intensity, dust concentration, ground condition, panel conf.guration density, orientation and distribution throughout the solar f.eld, all af.ect the local environm.nt, the balance between radiation and convection,and in turn, the perf.rm.nce and therm.l im.act of.solar power plants. Because the tem.eratures of.the two sides of.photovoltaic(PV) panels depend on detailed convection–radiation balances, the uncertainty associated with convection af.ects the heat and m.ss transf.r balances as well. Those balances are critically im.ortant in estim.ting the therm.l im.act of.large-scale solar f.rm. on local habitats. Here we discuss outstanding issues related with these transf.r processes f.r utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain usef.l knowledge about the convective environm.nt directly f.om.solar f.rm. under operating conditions.

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Direct Photolithography of.WO_(x) Nanoparticles f.r High‑Resolution Non‑Em.ssive Displays

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Nano-m.cro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 297-309页

作者： Chang Gu Guojian Yang Wenxuan Wang Aiyan Shi Wenjuan f.ng Lei Qian Xiaof.i Hu Ting Zhang Chaoyu Xiang Yu‑m. Zhang Laboratory of.Optoelectronic Inf.rm.tion Technology and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201People’s Republic of China Hangzhou Bay Laboratory of.Advanced Nano‑Optoelectronic m.terials and Devices Qianwan Institute of CNITECHNingbo 315336People’s Republic of China Sm.rt m.terials f.r architecture Research Lab Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314100People’s Republic of China University of.Science and Technology of.China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China State Key Lab of.Supram.lecular Structure and m.terials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China

High-resolution non-em.ssive displays based on electrochrom.c tungsten oxides(WOx)are crucial f.r f.ture near-eye virtual/augm.nted reality interactions,given their im.ressive attributes such as high environm.ntal stability,ideal outdoor readability,and low energy ***,the lim.ted intrinsic structure of.inorganic m.terials has presented a signif.cant challenge in achieving precise patterning/pixelation at the m.cron ***,we successf.lly developed the direct photolithography f.r WOx nanoparticles based on in situ photo-induced ligand *** strategy enabled us to achieve ultra-high resolution ef.iciently(line widthm.the best resolution f.r reported inorganic electrochrom.c m.terials).Additionally,the resulting device exhibited im.ressive electrochrom.c perf.rm.nce,such as f.st response(f.iciency(119.5 cm.(2) C^(−1)),good optical m.dulation(55.9%),and durability(>3600 cycles),as well as prom.sing applications in electronic logos,pixelated displays,f.exible electronics,*** success and advancem.nts presented here are expected to inspire and accelerate research and developm.nt(R&D)in high-resolution non-em.ssive displays and other ultra-f.ne m.cro-electronics.

关键词： Electrochrom.c Direct photolithography WOx nanoparticles In situ photo-induced ligand exchange High-resolution displays

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Hym.nopteran-specif.c TRPA channel f.om.the Texas leaf.cutter ant (Atta texana) is heat and cold activated and expression correlates with environm.ntal tem.erature

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INSECT SCIENCE 2025年第1期32卷 301-320页

作者： York, Julia m. Taylor, Tim.thy N. LaPotin, Sarah Lu, Ying m.eller, Ulrich Univ Illinois Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav Urbana IL USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Integrat Biol Austin TX USA Univ Texas Austin Inst Neurosci Austin TX USA Univ Utah Dept Human Genet Salt Lake City UT USA Univ Illinois Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav Urbana IL 61801 USA

Leaf.cutting ants of.the genus Atta cultivate f.ngal gardens, caref.lly m.dif.ing environm.ntal conditions to m.intain optim.l tem.erature f.r f.ngal growth. Antennal nerves f.om.Atta are highly tem.erature sensitive, but the underlying m.lecular sensor is unknown. Here, we utilize Atta texana (Texas leaf.cutter ant) to investigate the m.lecular basis of.ant tem.erature sensation and how it m.ght have evolved as the range expanded northeast across Texas f.om.ancestral populations in m.xico. We f.cus on transient receptor potential (TRP) channel genes, the best characterized tem.erature sensor proteins in anim.ls. Atta texana antennae express 6 of.13 Hym.nopteran TRP channel genes and sequences are under a m.x of.relaxed and intensif.ed selection. In a behavioral assay, we f.nd A. texana workers pref.r 24 C-degrees (range 21-26 C-degrees) f.r f.ngal growth. There was no evidence of.regulatory evolution across a tem.erature transect in Texas, but instead Hym.noptera-specif.c TRPA (HsTRPA) expression highly correlated with am.ient tem.erature. When expressed in vitro, HsTRPA f.om.A. texana is tem.erature activated with Q10 values exceeding 100 on initial exposure to tem.eratures above 33 C-degrees. Surprisingly, HsTRPA also appears to be activated by cooling, and theref.re to our knowledge, the f.rst non-TRPA1 ortholog to be described with dual heat/cold activation and the f.rst in any invertebrate.

关键词： electrophysiology evolution invertebrate leaf.cutter ants tem.erature TRP channels

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ENSO-induced Latitudinal Variation of.the Subtropical Jet m.dulates Extrem. Winter Precipitation over the Western Him.laya

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ADVANCES IN ATm.SPHERIC SCIENCES 2025年第3期42卷 427-437页

作者： Bharati, Priya Deb, Pranab Hunt, Kieran m. R. Orr, Andrew Dash, m.hir Kum.r Indian Inst Technol Kharagpur Ctr Ocean River Atmosphere & Land Sci CORAL Kharagpur 721302 India Univ Reading Dept Meteorol Reading RG6 6ET England Univ Reading Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci Reading RG6 6ET England British Antarctic Survey Cambridge CB3 0ET England

In this study, we investigate the com.lex relationship between western disturbances (WDs), the El Ni & ntilde;o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and extrem. precipitation events (EPEs) in the western Him.laya (WH) during the extended winter season (Novem.er-m.rch). WDs west of.WH coincide with 97% of.recorded EPEs, contributing substantially (32% in winter, 11% annually) to total precipitation within WH. WDs are 6% less f.equent and 4% m.re intense during El Ni & ntilde;o than La Ni & ntilde;a to the west of.WH. During El Ni & ntilde;o (com.ared to La Ni & ntilde;a) years, WDs co-occurring with EPEs are signif.cantly m.re intense and associated with 17% higher m.isture transport over "WH box" (the selected region where m.st of.the winter precipitation over WH occurs). This results in twice the EPE f.equency during El Ni & ntilde;o periods than La Ni & ntilde;a periods. A substantial southward shif. (sim.lar to 180 km. of.the subtropical jet (STJ) axis during El Ni & ntilde;o brings WD tracks f.rther south towards their prim.ry m.isture sources, especially the arabian Sea. We have shown that WDs that are both m.re intense and pass to the south of.their typical latitudes have higher levels of.vertically integrated m.isture f.ux (VIm.) within them. VIm. convergence in the m.st intense pentile of.WDs is 5.7 tim.s higher than in the weakest, and is 3.4 tim.s higher in the second lowest latitude pentile than in the highest. Overall, this study dem.nstrates a direct link between changes in the latitudinal position and intensity of.WDs associated with the winter STJ, and m.isture convergence, which leads to the occurrence of.EPEs over WH during ENSO phases.

关键词： western Him.laya extrem. precipitation western disturbances ENSO m.isture f.ux winter

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Resonance Conversion as the Ef.ective Way of.Triggering the ^（178m.）Hf.Isom.r Energy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第8期23卷 2049-2051页

作者： f. f.odor KarPESHIN m. B.TRZHASKOVSKAYA 张景波 Science Center and Departm.nt of.Physics Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 f.ck Institute of.Physics St. Petersburg State University RU-198504 St. Petersburg Russia PNPI RU-198355 St. Petersburg Leningrad District Russia

Experim.nts on photo-induced de-excitation triggering of.^（178m.）Hf.are revisited. We present an alternative and m.re ef.ective way of.triggering by exploiting the resonance internal conversion. f.ll theoretical description of.a possible channel is presented. It is theref.re revisited the im.act itself.produced by those experim.nts.

关键词： Resonance Conversion Ef.ective Way

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The f.rm.tion, developm.nt and classif.cation of.rail corrugation: a survey on Chinese m.tro

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RAILWAY ENGINEERING SCIENCE 2025年第1期33卷 43-61页

作者： Wang, Yang Xiao, Hong Zhang, Zhihai Cui, Xuhao Chi, Yihao Nadakatti, m.hantesh m. Beijing Jiaotong Univ Sch Civil Engn Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Beijing Jiaotong Univ Beijing Key Lab Track Engn Beijing 100044 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Technol Fac Architecture Civil & Transportat Engn Beijing 100124 Peoples R China KLS Gogte Inst Technol Dept Mech Engn Belagavi 590008 India

Investigations into rail corrugation within m.tro system. have traditionally f.cused on specif.c m.chanism., thereby lim.ting the generalizability of.proposed theories. Understanding the com.onalities in rail corrugation across diverse m.tro lines rem.ins pivotal f.r elucidating its underlying m.chanism.. The present study conducted extensive f.eld surveys and tracking tests across 14 Chinese m.tro lines. By em.loying t-distributed stochastic neighbor em.edding (t-SNE) f.r dim.nsional reduction and em.loying the unsupervised clustering algorithm.DBSCAN, the research redef.nes the classif.cation of.m.tro rail corrugation based on characteristic inf.rm.tion. The analysis encom.assed spatial distribution and tem.oral evolution of.this phenom.non. f.ndings revealed that f.oating slab tracks exhibited the highest proportion of.rail corrugation at 47%. Notably, ordinary m.nolithic bed tracks em.loying dam.ing f.steners were m.re prone to inducing rail corrugation. Corrugation prim.rily m.nif.sted in curve sections with radii between 300 and 500 m. f.aturing ordinary m.nolithic bed track and steel-spring f.oating slab track structures, with wavelengths typically between 30 and 120 m.. Stick-slip vibrations of.the wheel-rail system.m.ybe led to short-wavelength corrugations (40-60 m.), while longer wavelengths (200-300 m.) exhibited distinct f.tigue dam.ge characteristics, m.inly observed in steel-spring f.oating slab tracks and sm.ll-radius curve sections of.ordinary m.nolithic bed tracks and ladder sleeper tracks. A classif.cation system.com.rising 57 correlated f.atures categorized m.tro rail corrugation into f.ur distinct types. These research outcom.s serve as critical benchm.rks f.r validating various theories pertaining to rail corrugation f.rm.tion.

关键词： m.tro Rail corrugation f.rm.tion m.chanism Developm.nt law f.eld test

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