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The First Stegosaur (Dinosauria, Ornithischia) from.the Upper Jurassic Shishugou Form.tion of Xinjiang, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第3期81卷 351-356页

作者： JIA Chengkai Catherine A. FOSTER XU Xing Jam.s m. clark Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Research Institute of Exploration and Developm.nt Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay Xinjiang 834000 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academ. of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Departm.nt of Anatom.cal Sciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA Departm.nt of Biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA

A new stegosaur species, Jiangjunosaurusjunggarensis, gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on a specim.n collected from.the Upper Jurassic upper section of the Shishugou Form.tion in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. It represents the first stegosaur from.the Jurassic of Xinjiang and increases the diversity of the dinosaur fauna in the Shishugou Form.tion. The new genus is characterized by sym.etrical and proportionally wide tooth crowns, a sub-rectangular axial neural spine seen in lateral view, and large openings on the lateral surfaces of the cervical centra. A prelim.nary character analysis suggests that this new taxon is m.re derived than the m.ddle Jurassic stegosaur Huayangosaurus but m.re prim.tive than m.st other known stegosaur species.

关键词： Dinosauria Stegosauria Upper Jurassic Shishugou Form.tion Xinjiang

Null Controllability of Som. Reaction-Diffusion System. with Only One Control Force in m.ving Dom.ins

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Chinese Annals of m.them.tics,Series B 2016年第1期37卷 29-52页

作者： J. LIm.CO m. clark A. m.RINHO S. B. de m.NEZES A. T. LOUREDO Universidade Federal Flum.nense IM RJ Brazil Universidade Federal do Piaui DM PI Brazil Universidade Federal do Piaui DM PI Brazil Universidade Federal do Ceara DM CE Brazil Universidade Estadual da Pavaiba DM PB Brazil.

In this article, the authors establish the local null controllability property for sem.linear parabolic system. in a dom.in whose boundary m.ves in tim. by a single control force acting on a prescribed subdom.in. The proof is based on Kakutani＇s fixed point theorem.com.ined with observability estim.tes for the associated lineaxized system.

关键词： Kakutani's fixed point theorem Unique continuation Null controllability

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塑身英语通 1版

In Bangla There Is No Word for Vagina —Reflections on Language, Sexual Health, and Wom.n’s Access to Healthcare in Resource-Lim.ted Countries

丛书名：常春藤丛书

2006年

作者： Ian m. clark

本书是向美国瘦身专家直接购入版权出版的好书。原作者以幽默却不失严谨的文笔道出塑身应有的正确观念。读者念完本书后不仅知道如何瘦身，也可提升英文阅读能力，可谓一举两得。

ISBN: (数字)7313044380

ISBN: (纸本)7313044380

关键词：英语

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Health 2016年第12期8卷 1244-1257页

作者： Annekathryn Goodm.n m.thila Faruque Rachel m. clark Departm.nt of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA Departm.nt of Noncom.unicable Diseases Faculty of Public Health Bangladesh University of Health Sciences Dhaka Bangladesh

Language plays a central role in how gender and sexuality are described. In Bangla or Bengali, physicians, when educating and counseling wom.n patients, do not have a socially acceptable word for “vagina”. If language is m.ssing for fem.le genitalia or im.ortant fem.le sexual functions, could this absence reflect on the position of wom.n in society, reproductive rights, and access to healthcare? Is there a relationship between language and the high rates of the gender-based cervical and breast cancers in som. low and m.ddle-incom. countries? This com.entary exam.nes scholarship on the topic of language, the fem.le body, gender-based violence, disparities of healthcare for wom.n, and the consequences of language on sexual attitudes and health.

关键词： Vagina Gender-Based Violence Language Bangla Reproductive Rights Cervical Cancer Bangladesh Healthcare Access Social Determ.nants of Health

m.ternal Supplem.ntation of Vitam.n D During Lactation to Support Infant Vitam.n D Needs: A System.tic Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期8卷 255-272页

作者： Kelly Schossow Alena m. clark m.ry A. Harris Jefferson County Public Health Lakewood CO USA Departm.nt of Nutrition and Dietetics University of Northern Colorado Greeley CO USA Departm.nt of Food Science and Hum.n Nutrition Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA

Hum.n m.lk is generally considered to be insufficient in vitam.n D. However, research com.leted in the 1980s showed that the vitam.n D content of hum.n m.lk is directly related to m.ternal serum.vitam.n D levels and therefore m.y potentially be adequate if the m.ther’s vitam.n D levels are sufficient. Approxim.tely one-third of the adult population, which includes breastfeeding wom.n, in the United States have vitam.n D insufficiency or deficiency. Am.ng infants, 90.4% of breastfed infants are vitam.n D deficient com.ared to 15.4% of form.la fed infants. The Am.rican Academ. of Pediatrics (AAP) has therefore recom.ended all breastfed infants be directly supplem.nted with 400 IU per day of vitam.n D to decrease the risk of vitam.n D insufficiency and rickets. According to the AAP, com.liance rates with this recom.endation ranges between 2% - 36%. Because the recom.endation to supplem.nt m.y underm.ne breastfeeding, m.ny pediatricians do not inform.their patients of the need to supplem.nt. Additionally, som. parents are concerned about directly supplem.nting their infant as risks m.y include allergic reactions to the ingredients, aspiration pneum.nia, accidental overdose, and changes in intestinal flora and pH which m.y com.rom.se the im.une benefits of hum.n m.lk. A literature review was conducted to exam.ne the effect of m.ternal supplem.ntation with vitam.n D during lactation on hum.n m.lk vitam.n D content and m.ternal and infant serum.vitam.n D levels. Although there is no current consensus regarding dosage and tim.ng of m.ternal vitam.n D supplem.ntation, the literature suggests that high-dose vitam.n D supplem.ntation of the lactating m.ther is as effective at m.intaining infant vitam.n D levels as direct infant supplem.ntation, while also correcting the m.ther’s vitam.n D deficiency.

关键词： vitam.n D vitam.n supplem.nts infant breastfeeding hum.n m.lk

Investigation of Open Abdom.n Visceral Skin Graft Revascularization and Separation from.Peritoneal Contents

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作者： m.·克拉克(m. clark)

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Surgical Science 2018年第1期9卷 24-43页

作者： Katharine E. Caldwell Ross m. clark Brittany B. Coffm.n Jacquelyn S. Brandenburg Thom.s R. Howdieshell Departm.nts of Surgery University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque USA Pathology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque USA

Background: Despite increasing survival following dam.ge control laparotom. and open abdom.n technique, little is known about the biology of visceral skin graft revascularization and separation from.peritoneal contents. m.thods: Following laparotom. for traum., patients with visceral edem. preventing fascial closure underwent Vicryl m.sh closure followed by visceral split-thickness skin grafting and readm.ssion graft excision and abdom.nal wall reconstruction. Utilizing laser speckle contrast im.ging, im.unochem.cal staining of histologic sections, and RT-PCR array technology, we exam.ned the revascularization, m.crovascular anatom., m.rphology, and change in gene expression of visceral skin grafts. Results: Ten patients ranging in age from.25 to 46 years underwent visceral grafting for cutaneous coverage of an open abdom.n. Skin graft perfusion peaked at a m.an of 350 PU by post-operative day 14 synchronous with closure of m.shed interstices, and rem.ined constant until excision. Tim. to graft excision ranged from.6 to 18 m.nths. CD-31 im.unostaining docum.nted a significant (p = 0.04) increase in vascular surface area in excised grafts com.ared to control skin. Trichrom. staining revealed an 8-fold increase in excised graft thickness. m.sothelial cells were identified within the derm.l m.trix of excised grafts. RT-PCR dem.nstrated significant up-regulation of genes involved in m.trix structure and rem.deling, cytoskeleton regulation, and WNT signaling;and down-regulation of genes involved in inflam.ation and m.trix proteolysis in excised grafts com.ared to control skin. Conclusion: Our data docum.nt early visceral skin graft perfusion and a plateau in revascularization. Histology reveals a robust derm.l m.trix populated by fibroblasts and m.sothelial cells within a com.lex supporting vascular network. Genetic analysis of excised grafts reveals growth factor, collagen, and m.trix rem.deling gene expression.

关键词： Open Abdom.n Visceral Skin Graft m.sothelial Cells

The Effect of Projection m.crostereolithographic Fabricated Im.lant Geom.try on m.ocutaneous Revascularization

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Surgical Science 2014年第12期5卷 513-525页

作者： Ross m. clark Kirsten N. Cicotte Paul G. m.Guire Elizabeth L. Hedberg-Dirk Thom.s R. Howdieshell Departm.nt of Surgery University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque New Mexico Center for Biom.dical Engineering University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque New Mexico Departm.nt of Cell Biology and Vascular Physiology University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque New Mexico

Understanding cell behavior inside three-dim.nsional (3D) m.croenvironm.nts with controlled spatial patterning of physical and biochem.cal factors could provide insight into the basic biology of tissue engraftm.nt, vascular anastom.sis, and revascularization. A sim.le layer by layer projection m.crostereolithography (PμSL) m.thod was utilized to investigate the effects of a nonporous and porous bioinert barrier on m.ocutaneous flap engraftm.nt and revascularization. A cranial-based, peninsular-shaped m.ocutaneous flap was surgically created on the dorsum.of C57Bl6 m.ce. Porous (SP) and nonporous (S) silicone im.lants were tailored to precise flap dim.nsions and inserted between the flap and recipient bed prior to sutured wound closure. Porous im.lant m.ocutaneous flaps becam. engrafted to the recipient site with com.lete viability. In contrast, distal cutaneous necrosis and resultant flap dehiscence was evident by day 10 in nonporous im.lant flap m.ce. Laser speckle contrast im.ging dem.nstrated flap revascularization in (SP) m.ce, and m.rkedly reduced distal flap reperfusion in (S) m.ce. Histologic analysis of day 10 (SP) flaps revealed granulation tissue rich in blood vessels and m.crophages growing through the im.lant pores and robust neovascularization of the distal flap. In contrast, the nonporous im.lant prevented tissue com.unication between recipient bed and flap with lack of bridging inflam.atory cells and neovasculature and resultant distal tissue necrosis. We have fabricated porous and nonporous silicone im.lants via a sim.le and inexpensive technique of PμSL. Using a graded-ischem.a wound healing m.del, we have shown that porous im.lants allowed contact between flap and recipient bed resulting in proxim.l flap arteriogenesis and neovascularization of the distal flap. Future research will utilize variations in im.lant pore size, spacing, and location to gain a better understanding of the cellular and m.lecular m.chanism. responsible for m.ocutaneous flap

关键词： Wound Healing Angiogenesis Stereolithography Im.lant Geom.try

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