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Assessm.nt of the heartwood contribution to carbon accum.lation in Pinus sylvestris L. trees under different forest site conditions

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fOREST ECOSYSTEm. 2025年第1期12卷 159-175页

作者： Galibina, Natalia A. Nikerova, Kseniya m. m.shnikov, Sergey A. Kryshen, Alexander m. Russian Acad Sci Forest Res Inst Karelian Res Ctr 11 Pushkinskaya St Petrozavodsk 185910 Karelia Russia

Background: The heartwood (HW) proportion in the trunk of m.ture trees is an im.ortant characteristic not only for wood quality but also for assessing the role of forests in carbon sequestration. We have for the first tim. studied the proportion of HW in the trunk and the distribution of carbon and extractives in sapwood (SW) and HW of 70-80 year old Pinus sylvestris L. trees under different growing conditions in the pine forests of North-West Russia. m.thod: We have exam.ned the influence of conditions and tree position in stand (dom.nant, interm.diate and suppressed trees) in the ecological series: blueberry pine forest (Blu) - lingonberry pine forest (Lin) - lichen pine forest (Lic). We have analyzed the influence of clim.te conditions in the biogeographical series of Lin: the m.ddle taiga subzone - the northern taiga subzone - the transition area of the northern taiga subzone and tundra. Results: We found that the carbon concentration in HW was 1.6%-3.4% higher than in SW, and the difference depended on growing conditions. Carbon concentration in HW increased with a decrease in stand productivity (Blu-Lin-Lic). in m.dium.productive stands, the carbon concentration in SW was higher in interm.diate and supressed trees com.ared to dom.nant trees. in the series from.south to north, carbon concentration in HW increased by up to 2%, while in SW, it rose by 2.7%-3.8%. Conclusions: Our results once again em.hasized the need for an em.irical assessm.nt of the accurate carbon content in aboveground wood biom.ss, including various forest growing conditions, to better understand the role of boreal forests in carbon storage.

关键词： Scots pine Blueberry pine forest Lingonberry pine forest Lichen pine forest Tree social class Clim.te Carbon content Extractives Cellulose Lignin

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Energy m.teorology for the Evaluation of Solar farm.Therm.l im.acts on Desert Habitats

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2025年第2期42卷 313-326页

作者： Carlos f.m.COim.RA Departm.nt of m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Jacobs School of EngineeringCenter of Excellence in Renewable Resource Integration and Center for Energy ResearchUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

This work addresses challenges and opportunities in the evaluation of solar power plant im.acts,with a particular focus on therm.l effects of solar plants on the environm.nt and ***-scale solar power plants are often sited in arid or desert habitats,which tend to include fauna and flora that are highly sensitive to changes in tem.erature and *** understanding of both shortwave(solar)and longwave(terrestrial)radiation processes in solar power plants is com.lete enough to render the m.deling of radiation fluxes with high confidence for m.st *** contrast to radiation,the convective environm.nt in large-scale solar power plants is m.ch m.re difficult to *** direction,wind speed,turbulence intensity,dust concentration,ground condition,panel configuration density,orientation and distribution throughout the solar field,all affect the local environm.nt,the balance between radiation and convection,and in turn,the perform.nce and therm.l im.act of solar power *** the tem.eratures of the two sides of photovoltaic(PV)panels depend on detailed convection-radiation balances,the uncertainty associated with convection affects the heat and m.ss transfer balances as *** balances are critically im.ortant in estim.ting the therm.l im.act of large-scale solar farm. on local *** we discuss outstanding issues related with these transfer processes for utility-scale solar generation and highlight potential pathways to gain useful knowledge about the convective environm.nt directly from.solar farm. under operating conditions.

关键词： environm.ntal im.act solar farm. therm.l balances shortwave and longwave radiation convection

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Potential preservative m.chanism. of cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial function in coronary heart disease

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 158-175页

作者： Wen-Tao Sun Jian-Yong Du Jia Wang Yi-Long Wang er-Dan Dong Research Center for Cardiopulm.nary Rehabilitation University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Qingdao Hospital(Qingdao Municipal Hospital)Schoolof Health and Life SciencesUniversityof Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071China Departm.nt of Cardiology and instituteof Vascular m.dicine Peking University Third HospitalTheInstituteofCardiovascular SciencesPeking UniversityState Key Laboratoryof Vascular Homeostasisand RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Cardiac rehabilitation,a com.rehensive exercise-based lifestyle and m.dical m.nagem.nt,is effective in decreasing m.rbidity and im.roving life quality in patients with coronary heart *** function,an irreplaceable indicator in coronary heart disease progression,is m.asured by various m.thods in traditional cardiac rehabilitation pathways,including m.dicinal treatm.nt,aerobic training,and sm.king ***,studies on the effect of som. em.rging cardiac rehabilitation program. on endothelial function are *** article briefly reviewed the endothelium.beneficial effects of different cardiac rehabilitation pathways,including exercise training,lifestyle m.dification and psychological intervention in patients with coronary heart disease,and related experim.ntal m.dels,and sum.arized both uncovered and potential cellular and m.lecular m.chanism. of the beneficial roles of various cardiac rehabilitation pathways on endothelial *** exercise training and som. lifestyle interventions,the enhanced bioavailability of nitric oxide,increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs),and decreased oxidative stress are m.jor contributors to preventing endothelial dysfunction in coronary heart ***,the preservation of endothelial-dependent hyperpolarizing factors and inflam.atory suppression play *** the one hand,to develop m.re endothelium.protective rehabilitation m.thods in coronary heart disease,adequately designed and sized random.zed m.lticenter clinical trials should be advanced using standardized cardiac rehabilitation program. and existing assessm.nt *** the other hand,additional studies using suitable experim.ntal m.dels are warranted to elucidate the relationship between som. new interventions and endothelial protection in both m.cro-and m.crovasculature.

关键词： cardiac rehabilitation coronary heart disease endothelial function

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Updating the distribution of<i> Nothofagusi><i> alessandrii:i> im.act of deforestation, fragm.ntation and connectivity

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fOREST ECOSYSTEm. 2025年第01期12卷 136-145页

作者： Cabrera-Ariza, Antonio m. Rivas, Carlos A. Aguilera-Peralta, m.guel Navarro-Cerrillo, Rafael m. Santelices-m.ya, Rom.lo Univ Catolica m.ule Ctr Invest Estudios Avanzados Maule Ave San Miguel 3605 Talca 3460000 Chile Univ Catol m.ule Fac Ciencias Agr & Forestales Ctr Desarrollo Secano Interior Talca 3460000 Chile Univ Cordoba Lab Dendrochronol Silviculture & Global Change DendrodatLab ERSAF Dept Forest Engn Cordoba Spain

Nothofagus alessandrii forests in the m.diterranean region of Chile face significant threats from.deforestation, fragm.ntation, wildfires, and clim.te change. This study investigated the tem.oral and spatial dynam.cs of N. alessandrii populations and their im.lications for habitat fragm.ntation and connectivity. Using rem.te sensing data and geographic inform.tion system.analysis, we assessed deforestation patterns, fragm.ntation m.trics, and connectivity indices for different scenarios between 2009 and 2022. A reduction in the N. alessandrii forest area, extensive fragm.ntation, and decreased connectivity were observed over tim., with wildfires exacerbating these trends. Reforestation sim.lations showed the potential of targeted restoration efforts to im.rove connectivity, especially when focusing on proxim.te patches. However, careful consideration of seed dispersal distances and wildfire risk is essential for effective reforestation planning. Overall, our findings underscore the urgent need for conservation interventions to preserve N. alessandrii forests and their biodiversity in Chile's coastal m.untain ecosystem.. A proactive and collaborative approach is essential to ensure the survival of these forests for future generations.

关键词： Ruil Endangered species Red list iUCN Conservation biology

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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record m.nim.m.in 2023 or recent years

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Atm.spheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola m.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environm.ntal and Rem.te Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its m.nim.m.each year in Septem.er. On 11 Septem.er 2023 the m.nim.m.was 4.969 m.llion square kilom.ters(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the m.nim.m.was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the m.nim.m.in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) com.ared with 2022. Nevertheless, the sum.er m.lting in 2023 was rem.rkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atm.sphere and ocean, with record tem.eratures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term.decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atm.sphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in Septem.er, while the rem.inder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic m.nim.m.ice Clim.te

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Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction m.intains isletβ-Cell identity in T2Dm.m.ce through Regulating GLP-1 and GLP-1R in Both islet and intestine

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Chinese Journal of integrative m.dicine 2025年第1期31卷 39-48页

作者： WU Wen-bin GAO fan TANG Yue-heng WANG Hong-zhan DONG Hui LU fu-er YUAN fen institution of integrated Traditional Chinese and Western m.dicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China Departm.nt of integrated Traditional Chinese and Western m.dicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Objective: To elucidate the effect of Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction(HRD) on am.liorating type 2 diabetes m.llitus by m.intaining islet β-cell identity through regulating paracrine and endocrine glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)/GLP-1 receptor(GLP-1R) in both islet and intestine. m.thods: The db/db m.ce were divided into the m.del(distilled water), low-dose HRD(LHRD, 3 g/kg), high-dose HRD(HHRD, 6 g/kg), and liraglutide(400 μg/kg) groups using a random.num.er table, 8 m.ce in each group. The db/m.m.ce were used as the control group(n=8, distilled water). The entire treatm.nt of m.ce lasted for 6 weeks. Blood insulin, glucose, and GLP-1levels were quantified using enzym.-linked im.unosorbent assay kits. The proliferation and apoptosis factors of islet cells were determ.ned by im.unohistochem.stry(iHC) and im.unofluorescence(if) staining. Then,GLP-1, GLP-1R, prohorm.ne convertase 1/3(PC1/3), PC2, v-m.f m.sculoaponeurotic fibrosarcom. oncogene hom.logue A(m.fA), and pancreatic and duodenal hom.obox 1(PDX1) were detected by Western blot, iHC,if, and real-tim. quantitative polym.rase chain reaction, respectively. Results: HRD reduced the weight and blood glucose of the db/db m.ce, and im.roved insulin sensitivity at the sam. tim.(Pm.ted m.ce to secrete m.re insulin and less glucagon(Pm.reover, it also increased the num.er of islet β cell and decreased islet α cell m.ss(Pfter HRD treatm.nt, the levels of GLP-1,GLP-1R, PC1/3, PC2, m.fA, and PDX1 in the pancreas and intestine significantly increased(Pion: HRD can m.intain the norm.l function and identity of islet β cell, and the underlying m.chanism.is related to prom.ting the paracrine and endocrine activation of GLP-1 in pancreas and intestine.

关键词： type 2 diabetes m.llitus Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction isletβcell glucagon-like peptide-1 glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor Chinese m.dicine

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A Conceptual m.del for im.roving Perovskite Solar Cells Efficiency Using m.chine Learning

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international Journal of intelligence Science 2025年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Weam.m. Binjum.h Applied College Taibah University Madina Saudi Arabia

Solar cells m.de from.perovskites have experienced rapid developm.nt as exam.les of third-generation solar cells in recent years. The traditional trial-and-error m.thod is inefficient, and the search space is incredibly large. This m.kes developing advanced perovskite m.terials, as well as high conversion efficiencies and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a challenging task. A growing num.er of data-driven m.chine learning (m.) applications are being developed in the m.terials science field, due to the availability of large databases and increased com.uting power. There are m.ny advantages associated with the use of m.chine learning to predict the properties of potential perovskite m.terials, as well as provide additional knowledge on how these m.terials work to fast-track their progress. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to develop a conceptual m.del to im.rove the efficiency of a perovskite solar cell using m.chine learning techniques in order to im.rove its perform.nce. This study relies on the application of design science as a m.thod to conduct the research as part of the study. The developed m.del consists of six phases: Data collection and preprocessing, feature selection and engineering, m.del training and evaluation, perform.nce assessm.nt, optim.zation and fine-tuning, and deploym.nt and application. As a result of this m.del, there is a great deal of prom.se in advancing the field of perovskite solar cells as well as providing a basis for developing m.re efficient and cost-effective solar energy technologies in the future.

关键词： Perovskite Solar Cell m.chine Learning Solar Energy Design Science Research

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Experim.ntal Study on a Hybrid Battery Therm.l m.nagem.nt System.Com.ining Oscillating Heat Pipe and Liquid Cooling

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frontiers in Heat and m.ss Transfer 2025年第1期23卷 299-324页

作者： Hongkun Lu m. m. Noor K. Kadirgam. School of Autom.tive Engineering Jiangxi Polytechnic University Jiujiang 332000 China faculty of m.chanical and Autom.tive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia Centre for Research in Advanced fluid & Processes Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy (iSuRE) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Kota Samarahan 94300 Malaysia

To im.rove the therm.l perform.nce and tem.erature uniform.ty of battery pack, this paper presents a novel battery therm.l m.nagem.nt system.(BTm.) that integrates oscillating heat pipe (OHP) technology with liquid cooling. The prim.ry innovation of the new hybrid BTm. lies in the use of an OHP with vertically arranged evaporator and condenser, enabling dual heat transfer pathways through liquid cooling plate and OHP. This study experim.ntally investigates the perform.nce characteristics of the ⊥-shaped OHP and hybrid BTm.. Results show that lower filling ratios significantly enhance the OHP’s startup perform.nce but reduce operational stability, with optim.l perform.nce achieved at a 26.1% filling ratio. Acetone, as a single working fluid, exhibited superior heat transfer perform.nce under low-load conditions com.ared to m.xed fluids, while the acetone/ethanol m.xture, form.ng a non-azeotropic solution, m.nim.zed tem.erature fluctuations. At 100 W, the ⊥-shaped OHP with a horizontally arranged evaporator dem.nstrated better heat transfer perform.nce than 2D-OHP designs. Com.ared to a liquid BTm. using water coolant at 280 W, the hybrid BTm. reduced the equivalent therm.l resistance ( R BTm. ) and m.xim.m.tem.erature difference ( ΔT m.x ) by 8.06% and 19.1%, respectively. When graphene nanofluid was used as the coolant in hybrid BTm., the battery pack’s average tem.erature ( T b ) dropped from.52.2°C to 47.9°C, with R BTm. and ΔT m.x decreasing by 20.1% and 32.7%, respectively. These findings underscore the hybrid BTm.’s suitability for high heat load applications, offering a prom.sing solution for electric vehicle therm.l m.nagem.nt.

关键词： Battery therm.l m.nagem.nt system oscillating heat pipe liquid cooling hybrid BTm. graphene nanofluid

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Applications of variable therm.l features for the bioconvective flow of Jeffrey nanofluids due to stretching surface with m.ss suction effects: Cattaneo-Christov m.del

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 391-402页

作者： S.U.KHAN m.GARAYEV ADNAN K.RAm.SH m.EL m.LiGY D.ABDUVALiEVA m.i.KHAN Departm.nt of m.them.tics Namal University Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of Science King Saud University Departm.nt of m.them.tics Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University Departm.nt of Pure and Applied m.them.tics School of Mathematical SciencesSunway University Departm.nt of m.them.tics Graphic Era (Deemed to be University) Departm.nt of m.them.tics School of Chemical Engineering and Physical SciencesLovely Professional University Jadara University Research Center Jadara University Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Departm.nt of m.them.tics and inform.tion Technologies Tashkent State Pedagogical University Departm.nt of m.chanics and Engineering Science Peking University

The therm.l nanofluids have garnered widespread attention for their use in m.ltiple therm.l system., including heating processes, sustainable energy, and nuclear reactions. Research on nanofluids has revealed that the therm.l efficiencies of such m.terials are adversely affected by various therm.l features. The purpose of the current work is to dem.nstrate the therm.l analysis of Jeffrey nanofluids with the suspension of m.croorganism. in the presence of variable therm.l sources. The variable effects of therm.l conductivity, Brownian diffusivity, and m.tile density are utilized. The investigated m.del also reveals the contributions of radiation phenom.na and chem.cal reactions. A porous, saturated, m.ving surface with a suction phenom.non prom.tes flow. The m.deling of the problem.is based on the im.lem.ntation of the Cattaneo-Christov *** convective therm.l constraints are used to prom.te the heat transfer features. A sim.lified form.of the governing m.del is treated with the assistance of a shooting technique. The physical effects of different param.ters for the problem.are presented. The current problem.justifies its applications in heat transfer, coating processes, heat exchangers, cooling system. in m.croelectronics, solar system., chem.cal processes, etc.

关键词： Jeffrey nanofluid bioconvection effect variable therm.l consequence chem.cal reaction num.rical sim.lation O357 76Rxx

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Predicting peak ground acceleration using the Convm.xer network

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Earthquake Science 2025年第2期38卷 126-135页

作者： m.ham.ed, m.na Saad, Om.r m. Keshk, Arabi Ahm.d, Hatem.m. National Research institute of Astronom. and Geophysics (NRiAG) Cairo 11511 Egypt Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Delta Technological University Menoufia 32684 Egypt faculty of Com.uters and inform.tion Menoufia University Menoufia 32512 Egypt

The level of ground shaking, as determ.ned by the peak ground acceleration (PGA), can be used to analyze seism.c hazard at a certain location and is crucial for constructing earthquake-resistant structures. Predicting the PGA im.ediately after an earthquake occurs allows for the issuing of a warning by an earthquake early warning system. in this study, we propose a deep learning m.del, Convm.xer, to predict the PGA recorded by weak-m.tion velocity seism.m.ters in Japan. We use 5-s three-com.onent seism.gram., from.2 s before until 3 s after the P-wave arrival tim. of the earthquake. Our dataset com.rised m.re than 50,000 single-station waveform. recorded by 10 seism.c stations in the K-NET, Kiki-NET, and Hi-Net networks between 2004 and 2023. The proposed Convm.xer is a patch-based m.del that extracts global features from.input seism.c data and predicts the PGA of an earthquake by com.ining depth and pointwise convolutions. The proposed Convm.xer network had a m.an absolute error of 2.143 when applied to the test set and outperform.d benchm.rk deep learning m.dels. in addition, the proposed Convm.xer dem.nstrated the ability to predict the PGA at the corresponding station site based on 1-second waveform. obtained im.ediately after the arrival tim. of the P-wave. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： deep learning (DL) earthquake early warning system.(EEWS) peak ground acceleration (PGA)

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