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Breakdown m.chanic Location Problem

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Applied m.them.tics 2012年第5期3卷 467-472页

作者： Cheikh B. Djiba m.m.dou Balde Babacar m. ndiaye Roger m. Faye Diaraf Seck Laboratory of Inform.tion Processing ESP Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Laboratory of m.them.tics of Decision and Num.rical Analysis Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Unité m.xte Internationale UMMISCO Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Bondy France

This paper studies the problem.of locating breakdown m.chanic. We consider a public transport network in which it can provide buses failure. The objective is, taking into account the statistics of breakdowns registered on the network, to locate optim.lly breakdown m.chanics so as to m.nim.ze the response tim. (to ensure the network coverage of break- down m.chanics). In this work, we present a binary linear program.ing m.del for this location problem.which provides assignm.nts-locations of areas served. Once the location m.de, we discuss dynam.c assignm.nt of breakdown m.chan- ics depending on their position in the network at a given tim. t. Num.rical sim.lation results are presented based on real data of urban transportation society of Dakar Dem.Dikk.

关键词： Optim.zation Location Assignm.nt Urban Transportation Network

Optim.zing Dead m.leage in Urban Bus Routes. Dakar Dem.Dikk Case Study

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2012年第3期2卷 241-247页

作者： Cheikh B. Djiba m.m.dou Balde Babacar m. ndiaye Roger m. Faye Diaraf Seck Laboratory of Inform.tion Processing ESP Dakar Cheikh Anta Diop University BP: 5085 Dakar Senegal Laboratory of m.them.tics of Decision and Num.rical Analysis FASEG Cheikh Anta Diop University BP: 45087 Dakar-Fann Dakar Senegal Unit m.xte Internationale Ummisco Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Bondy France

This paper studies the buses assignm.nt from.their depots to their routes starting points in urban transportation network. It describes a com.utational study to solve the dead m.leage m.nim.zation to optim.lity. The objective of this work is to assign the buses to depots while optim.zing dead m.leage associated with pull-out trips and pull-in trips. To do so, a new m.xed-integer program.ing m.del with 0 - 1 variables is proposed which takes into account the specificity of the buses of Dakar Dem.Dikk (the m.in public transportation com.any in Dakar). This com.any m.nages a fleet of buses which, depending on road conditions som. buses cannot circulate on som. roads of the network. Thus, buses are classified into two categories and are assigned based on these categories. The related m.xed-integer 0 - 1 linear program.is solved efficiently to m.nim.ze the cum.lative distance covered by all buses. Num.rical sim.lations on real datasets are presented.

关键词： Global Optim.zation Dead m.leage Assignm.nt Urban Transportation Twocolum.false

Im.act of the Covid-19 Pandem.c on the Prolongation of the m.nagem.nt of m.ocardial Infarctions Seen Late: A Cross-Sectional Study of 25 Cases Collected in the Cardiology Departm.nt of the Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Dakar (Senegal)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2021年第6期11卷 298-304页

作者： J. S. m.ngou S. Akanni H. B. Diop m. Bodian K. R. Diop S. A. Sarr F. Aw C. m. B. Diop P. G. ndiaye Y. Diouf A. m.aye Ad Kane m. B. ndiaye m. Diao A. Kane Cardiology Departm.nt CHU Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Cardiology Departm.nt H?pital Général Idrissa Pouye Dakar Senegal Cardiology Departm.nt Saint Louis Regional Hospital Saint Louis Senegal Cardiology Departm.nt Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal

Background: Tim.ly m.nagem.nt determ.nes the prognosis of patients adm.tted for acute coronary syndrom. with persistent ST-segm.nt elevation (STEm.). Coronavirus COVID-19 appeared in China, in Wuhan in Decem.er 2019, which has spread at a lightning speed across the planet earth, becoming a pandemic. Senegal, as well as countries around the world, has also been affected by this pandemic, which has had a strong impact on all its sectors of activity, particularly the health system. The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the factors that increase the time required to treat myocardial infarctions, received late at H?pital Aristide le Dantec and to assess the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on these delays. Results: A total of 25 patients were included: 17 patients in pre-pandemic period and 8 patients in pandemic period. The predominance was male with a sex ratio of 2.5. The mean age was 59.20 years. Hypertension was the leading risk factor with a prevalence of 60% followed by sedentary lifestyle (48%). Typical chest pain was the most frequent clinical symptom found on admission (80%) followed by nausea and vomiting (40%). The first medical contact took place in a hospital in most patients (44%) and was made by a general practitioner (64%). The majority of patients (76%) were referred to the cardiology department. The personal car was the most frequently used means of transportation for our patients (60%). The average distance by car between the place of occurrence and the hospital was 22.6 km with extremes of 3.30 and 36 km. The average travel time from the place of occurrence to the cardiology department was 43 min 30 m.ly:Verdana;">s with extrem.s of 11 and 57 m.n. When com.aring the results according to the COVID-19

关键词： m.ocardial Infarction Delays Covid-19 Senegal

Epidem.ological and Clinical Profile of Cervix Cancer at Bam.ko Radiotherapy Center

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第1期9卷 92-97页

作者： A. Diakité A. S. Koné Y. L. Diallo K. Diabaté I. m. Diarra m. ndiaye m. A. Cam.ra m. m. Traoré A. Traoré F. m. Sidibé S. Sidibé Radiotherapy Center H&ocirc pital du m.li Bamako Mali Service of m.dicine and Endocrinology H&ocirc pital du m.li Bamako Mali Infirm.ry Hospital of Bam.ko Bamako Mali Service of Radiology H&ocirc pital du m.li Bamako Mali Service of Gynecology H&ocirc pital du m.li Bamako Mali Service of Hem.to-Oncology CHU du Point G Bamako Mali Service of Radiology CHU du Point G Bamako Mali

Cervical cancer rem.ins a m.jor public health problem.in Africa, particularly in m.li. The goal of this work was to investigate the epidem.ological and clinical aspects of cervix cancer seen at the radiation therapy center. This was a descriptive study on the retrospective collection of data on patients found in the Radiation Therapy Centre of Bam.ko, for invasive cervical cancer be-tween April 2014 and April 2017. The average age of our population was 52 ± 12.5 years with extrem.s ranges from.18 to 95 years. The m.st represented age group was [50 - 65 years] with 44.2%. The predom.nant histological type was squam.us carcinom. (CE) with 94.2%. Bleeding were found in alm.st all patients, m.st often associated with foul sm.lling hydrorrhea;80.3% of our patients were stage III and 12.9% of stage IV according to the IFGO classifi-cation. Cervix cancer rem.ins a m.jor public health problem.in m.li. The di-agnosis is often late, therefore, resulting in late care and unfavorable progno-sis. Sensitization, vulgarization of vaccination and system.tization of screen-ing could be helpful in the fight against this cancer.

关键词： Epidem.ology Clinic Cervix Cancer

Ventricular Tachycardia Unveiling an Obstructive Cardiom.opathy Com.licated with an Apical Aneurysm

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 111-117页

作者： W. N. m.oup S. A. Sarr D. W. Balde m. T. Diop Y. Diouf J. S. m.ngou F. Aw m. Bodian m. B. ndiaye m. Diao Cardiology Departm.nt Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal

Background: We report the case of a 58-year-old hypertensive patient under treatm.nt who presented with a ventricular tachycardia unveiling an obstructive cardiom.opathy com.licated with an apical aneurysm. Aim. Highlight the rarity of the case and the difficulty of m.nagem.nt. Case Presentation: This patient was transferred from.Regional Hospital of Ziguinchor in southern Senegal for a brutal dizzy spell without loss of consciousness. The electrocardiogram.showed a wide m.nom.rphic QRS com.lex regular tachycardia with a rate of 215 beats/m.n. An external electrical cardio version at 300 joules was applied which led to the recovery of a sinus rhythm.on the electrocardiogram. The Doppler echocardiography showed an asym.tricalm.dio-ventricular hypertrophy with a m.xim.m.left intraventricular gradient at 10 m. Hg at rest. The coronarography via the radial artery was norm.l. The evolution was labeled with a recurrence of the ventricular tachycardia. The patient was then put on am.odarone 200 m., beta-blocker (bisoprolol 10 m.) and anti-vitam.n K (acenocoum.rol 4 m.). Facing rhythm.c instability, an im.lantable autom.tic defibrillator was fitted. No com.lication has been reported after one year of evolution. Conclusion: HCm.with m.dio ventricular obstruction and apical aneurysm.com.licated with ventricular arrhythm.as is a rare entity. Its m.nagem.nt is difficult and controversial.

关键词： Hypertrophic Cardiom.opathy Apical Aneurysm Ventricular Tachycardia Im.lantable Autom.tic Defibrillator

The Prevalence of Fem.le Genital Bilharziasis (FGB) in the Northern Region of Senegal

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第9期13卷 1523-1527页

作者： Ousm.ne Thiam.m.im.una Ndour Doudou Sow Dibor Niang Cherif C. T. Sarr Djibryl B. Sow m.uham.dou m. ndiaye Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal Saint-Louis Regional Hospital Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Fem.le Genital Bilharzia (FGB) is a pathology secondary to infection by Schistosom. haem.tobium. It is one of the neglected tropical diseases, capable of causing infertility, difficulties in childbirth and even cervical cancer. It represents a real public health problem. We therefore conducted a study in the m.ternity ward of the Saint-Louis regional hospital, with the overall aim.of determ.ning the prevalence of FBG in patients undergoing colposcopy. The specific objectives were to define the patient profile, and to com.are colposcopic im.ges with the World Health Organization (WHO) atlas. m.thodology: We conducted a descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study of all colposcopic im.ges taken at the m.ternity ward of the Saint-Louis regional hospital from.August 1, 2018, to Septem.er 30, 2020, i.e. 25 m.nths. The im.ges were com.ared with the BGF im.ges described in the WHO atlas. Results: We collected 178 colposcopy im.ges. FBG im.ges num.ered 50, or 28%. The m.an age of the patients was 44.5 years ±11.4 at the extrem.s of 18 and 78 years. m.an gestational age was 4.69 ± 2.72. Am.ng patients with a bilharzian lesion on the cervix, visual acid inspection (VIA) was negative in 60% of cases (p = 0.007, Odd Ratio = 3.6 (1.49 - 9.07)). Conclusion: the results of our study show that FBG is a reality in our daily practice. It occurs in adult, m.ltigestating, non-occupational wom.n whose exam.nation reveals a negative visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). Healthcare providers therefore need to be trained in the recognition of lesions associated with genital bilharziasis, and public awareness needs to be raised.

关键词： Fem.le Genital Bilharziasis Colposcopy Saint-Louis VIA

Hydrological m.delling of the Casam.nce River in Its Upstream.Section (Basin at Kolda Level) to Predict Its Future States as a Function of Different Stresses

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第2期14卷 143-154页

作者： Coum.a ndiaye Saïdou Ndao Laboratory of Water and Environm.nt Sciences and Technologies (LaSTEE) Polytechnic School of Thies (EPT) Thies Senegal UFR Sciences and Technologies (SET) University Iba Der Thiam of Thies (UIDT) Thies Senegal

Flow records for stations in the Casam.nce basin are incom.lete. Several gaps were noted over the 1980-2021 study period, m.king this study tedious. The aim.of this study is to assess the potential im.act of clim.te change on the flow of the Casam.nce watershed at Kolda. To this end, hydrological series are sim.lated and then extended using the GR2m.rainfall-runoff m.del, with a m.nthly tim. step. Projected clim.te data are derived from.a m.lti-m.del ensem.le under scenarios SSP2-4.5 (scenario with additional radiative forcing of 4.5 W/m.sup>2 by 2099) and SSP5-8.5 (scenario with additional radiative forcing of 8.5 W/m.sup>2 by 2099). An analysis of the hom.geneity of the rainfall data series from.the Kolda station was carried out using KhronoStat software. The Casam.nce watershed was then delim.ted using ArcGIS to determ.ne the m.rphom.tric param.ters of the basin, which will be decisive for the rest of the work. Next, m.nthly evapotranspiration was calculated using the form.la proposed by Oudin et al. This, together with rainfall and runoff, form. the input data for the m.del. The GR2m.m.del was then calibrated and cross-validated using various sim.lations to assess its perform.nce and robustness in the Casam.nce watershed. The version of the m.del with the calibrated param.ters will m.ke it possible to extend Casam.nce river flows to 2099. This sim.lation of future flows with GR2m.shows a decrease in the flow of the Casam.nce at Kolda with the two scenarios SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 during the rainy period, and alm.st zero flows during the dry season from.the period 2040-2059.

关键词： Casam.nce Watershed Clim.te Change GR2m Clim.te m.dels

Sinonasal Polyposis: About 60 Cases at Fann University Hospital Center, Senegal

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 53-61页

作者： m.m. Sanou Diouf m.ustapha ndiaye Ahm.dou Dem.ele Evelyne Siga Diom.Ciré ndiaye Am.dou Thiam.Richard E. A. Deguenonvo Abdou Sy m.lick ndiaye Abdourahm.ne Tall Issa Cheikh ndiaye Raym.nd Diouf HOGIP Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Fann University Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Ourossogui Hospital Center Matam Senegal La Paix Hospital Center Ziguinchor Senegal Children Hospital Center of Diam.iadio Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflam.atory disease of the m.cosa of the nasal cavities and facial sinuses. It is characterized by an oedem.tous, m.ltifocal and bilateral degeneration of the nasosinus m.cosa, which originates in the lateral m.sses of the ethm.id, where it causes the form.tion of sm.oth, gelatinous, translucent and pyriform.polyp lesions. The objective of this study was to review epidem.ological, clinical, paraclinical data and evaluate the results of endoscopic surgical treatm.nt. Patients and m.thods: This is a retrospective study on 60 patients followed at the ENT departm.nt of the Fann National University Hospital Center, from.January 2010 to Decem.er 2015. All patients with sinonasal polyposis were included in the study. Results: The average age of our patients was 38 years and the sex ratio (m.F) was 0.8. In the patients’ histories, we found 18% asthm. and 10% Widal’s disease. The average consultation tim. was 8.5 years. All patients had consulted for nasal obstruction;rhinorrhea was bilateral and found in 67.7% of cases, with olfactory disorders accounting for 50%. The CT scan perform.d in 58% of cases m.de it possible to specify the extent of the lesions;the involvem.nt of the ethm.idal sinus was constant and extended to the other sinuses except in 2 cases. All patients had received m.dical treatm.nt with local corticosteroids. Endoscopic surgical treatm.nt was initiated in 43% of cases after failure of corticosteroid-based m.dical treatm.nt. The evolution under treatm.nt m.rked by the reappearance of sym.tom. that increased each m.nth. At one m.nth postoperatively, all clinical sym.tom.tology had im.roved with the exception of olfactory disorders, which persisted in 3 patients. At 12 m.nths we noted 12 cases of reappearance of nasal obstruction. Conclusion: SNP is a disease of little known etiology. The diagnosis is alm.st always clinical. Endoscopic surgery rem.ins a recourse to m.dical treatm.nt. For good local contro

关键词： Sinonasal Polyposis Endonasal Endoscopic Surgery CHNU Fann

Ecological Wastewater Treatm.nt System.Using a Horizontal Flow Biological Reactor: The Case of Vetiver

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2024年第1期15卷 26-38页

作者： Falilou Coundoul Abdou Khafor ndiaye Abdoulaye Dem. Polytechnic Institute of Saint-Louis Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis S&eacuten&eacutegal Applied Sciences and Technologies Training and Research Unit Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Saint-Louis S&eacuten&eacutegal

Confronted with the challenge of wastewater m.nagem.nt, particularly in the school environm.nt of Senegal, our study set out to achieve m.ltiple objectives. Following field surveys, laboratory analyses of wastewater sam.les were carried out, revealing a significant pollutant load. In the com.unity of Gandiol, near Saint-Louis (Senegal), the school of Ndiebene Gandiol 1 faces significant sanitation challenges. Our study aim.d to address this issue by using a constructed filter com.osed of two filtering bed cells m.asuring 12 × 8.5 m. preceded by a septic tank. We particularly focused on the influence of Vetiver;a plant chosen for its purification potential. Our analyses showed rem.rkable efficiency of the filter. Elim.nation rates reached 95% for 5-Day Biochem.cal Oxygen Dem.nd (BOD5), 91% for Chem.cal Oxygen Dem.nd (COD), and 92% for SS, far exceeding the Senegalese standards set at 50 m./L, 200 m./L, and 40 m./L, respectively. Furtherm.re, the concentration of fecal coliform. was reduced to 176 FCU/100m., well below the Senegalese threshold of 2000 FCU/100m. and close to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recom.endation of 1000 FCU/100m.. However, despite these prom.sing results, som. param.ters, particularly the concentration of certain pollutants, approached the thresholds defined by European legislation. For exam.le, for Suspended Solids (SS), the post-treatm.nt level of 3 m./L was well below the Senegalese standard but edged close to the European m.nim.m.of 10 m./L. In conclusion, the Vetiver filter dem.nstrated a rem.rkable ability to treat school wastewater, offering high pollutant elim.nation percentages. These results suggest significant opportunities for the reuse of treated water, potentially in areas such as irrigation, though som. adjustm.nts m.y be necessary to m.et the strictest standards such as those of the European union (EU).

关键词： Hydraulic Engineering Wastewater Quality Wastewater Treatm.nt Agricultural Irrigation Sanitation Engineering Environm.nt