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methionine sources and genotype affect embryonic intestinal development,antioxidants,tight junctions,and growth-related gene expression in chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 218-230页

作者： James K.Lugata Sawadi F.Ndunguru Gebrehaweria K.reda Xénia e.Ozsváth eszter Angyal Levente Czeglédi Gabriella Gulyás renáta Knop János Oláh Zoltán mészár rita Varga Brigitta Csernus Csaba Szabó Department of Animal Nutrition and physiology Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Animal Husbandry Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental ManagementUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and environmental management Doctoral School of Animal ScienceUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Institutes for Agricultural research and educational Farm University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

methionine(met)is an essential and first limiting amino acid in the poultry diet that plays a significant role in chicken embryonic development and *** present study examined the effect of in ovo injection of DL-met and L-met sources and genotypes on chicken embryonic-intestinal development and *** eggs of the two genotypes,TeTrA-SL layer hybrid(TSL)—commercial layer hybrid and Hungarian partridge colored hen breed(HpC)—a native genotype,were randomly distributed into four treatments for each *** treatment groups include the following:1)control non-injected eggs(NoIn);2)saline-injected(SaIn);3)DL-met injected(DLm);and 4)L-met injected(Lm).The in ovo injection was carried out on 17.5 d of embryonic development;after hatching,eight chicks per group were sacrificed,and the jejunum was extracted for *** results showed that both DLm and Lm groups had enhanced intestinal development as evidenced by increased villus width,villus height,and villus area(pmpared to the *** DLm group had significantly reduced crypt depth,glutathione(GSH)content,glutathione S-transferase 3 alpha(GST3),occludin(OCLN)gene expression and increased villus height to crypt depth ratio in the TSL genotype than the Lm group(pe HpC genotype has overexpressed insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)gene,tricellulin(mD2),occludin(OCLN),superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1),and GST3 genes than the TSL genotype(pese findings showed that in ovo injection of met enhanced intestinal development,and function,with genotypes responding differently under normal *** also influenced the expression of intestinal antioxidants,tight junction,and growth-related genes.

关键词： DL-methionine L-methionine In ovo injection Intestinal development poultry

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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SmILe mission

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earth and planetary physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-raymont T.Crawford J.p.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher r.Canchal J.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-p.Gröbelbauer m.Guedel Y.Guo m.Hailey D.Hall r.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh m.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky m.Jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.martindale J.miguel mas Hesse r.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher r.Ottensamer C.pagani S.parsons p.patel J.pearson G.peikert F.S.porter T.pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.raab G.randal A.m.read N.m.m.roque m.e.rostad C.runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov m.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit J.Søndergaard r.Speight S.Stavland m.Steller Tianran Sun J.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain eSTeC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STm engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins University Applied physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind magnetosphere Ionosphere Link explorer(SmILe)*** is a joint science mission between the european Space Agency(eSA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SmILe *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SmILe will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch Christopher e.Stevens Christopher munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka majumdar pJames Schuck Aditya mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua r.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of electrical and Systems engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBr Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied physics program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of mechanical engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of electrical and Computer engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIps)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(e–ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIps,they can self-hybridize into e–ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIp crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized e–ps in 2D HOIps,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIp crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized e–p *** e–ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy e–ps to lower energy e–***,we also demonstrate that e–ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in e–ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation

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DNA metabarcoding reveals seasonal changes in diet composition across four arthropod-eating lizard species(phrynosomatidae:Sceloporus)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 480-495页

作者： mauricio HerNÁNDeZ Stephanie HereIrA-pACHeCO Antton ALBerDI Aníbal H.DÍAZ De LA VeGA-pÉreZ Arturo eSTrADA-TOrreS Sergio ANCONA Yendi e.NAVArrO-NOYA Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico estación Científica La malinche Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la ConductaUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Center for evolutionary Hologenomics The Globe InstituteUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología-Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaTlaxcalaMexico Departamento de ecología evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico CityMexico Laboratorio de Interacciones Bióticas Centro de Investigación en Ciencias BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaSan Felipe IxtacuixtlaTlaxcalaMexico

Diet composition and its ecological drivers are rarely investigated in coexisting closely related *** used a molecular approach to characterize the seasonal variation in diet composition in four spiny lizard species inhabiting a mountainous *** metabarcoding revealed that the lizards Sceloporus aeneus,***,***,and *** mostly consumed arthropods of the orders Hemiptera,Araneae,Hymenoptera,and *** terrestrial lizards *** and *** mostly predated ants and spiders,whereas the arboreal–saxicolous *** and saxicolous *** largely consumed grasshoppers and *** taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of the prey was higher during the dry season than the rainy season,likely because reduced prey availability in the dry season forced lizards to diversify their diets to meet their nutritional *** and phylogenetic composition varied seasonally depending on the species,but only dietary composition varied with *** dietary turnover was greater in *** than in ***,suggesting site-specific seasonal variability in prey availability;no other differences among species were ***,which lives at the highest altitude in our study site,displayed interseasonal variation in diet *** differences were correlated with the species’feeding strategies and elevational distribution,which likely contributed to the coexistence of these lizard species in the studied geographic area and beyond.

关键词： arthropod-eating lizards diet breadth environmental barcoding mountainous ecosystem seasonal dietary shifts

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Fluoride contamination in groundwater:A global review of the status,processes,challenges,and remedial measures

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 1-29页

作者： e.Shaji K.V.Sarath m.Santosh p.K.Krishnaprasad B.K.Arya manisha S.Babu Department of Geology University of KeralaKariavattom CampusThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India School of earth Sciences and resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing 100083China Department of earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Geology Central University of KeralaTejaswini HillsPeriyeKasaragodKerala 671316India

Groundwater pollution by fluoride is one of the prime concerns of the world population due to its toxicity,which results in adverse health *** this paper,we review the current scenario of the fluoride contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe and its impact on human *** the last decade,several newly affected regions have been reported all over the world,with more than 100 countries affected by fluoride contamination in groundwater(concentration exceeding the acceptable limit of 1.5 mg/L defined by the World Health Organization).Fluoride poisoning is mainly due to the unsupervised ingestion of products for dental and oral hygiene and over-fluoridated drinking *** is estimated that more than 200 million people from different countries are affected by fluoriderelated groundwater issues and health *** highest among these are from the countries in Africa(38),Asia(28),and europe(24),followed by countries like South America(5),North America(3),and Australia(2).The source of fluoride in drinking water is primarily geogenic,together with forage,grasses and grains,tea,and anthropogenic *** countries affected were correlated with climatic zones and geological factors to gain insights into geospatial *** analyses show that most of the fluoride pollution-prone zones are located in high-grade metamorphic terranes with granitoid or alkaline intrusions,geothermal hot springs,and volcanic regions with arid or semi-arid climatic *** study also finds that children across the globe are more vulnerable than adults to fluoride *** review finds that,although there are efficient fluoride removal techniques,including filters with next-generation nanomaterials,to date,there has not been a single technique developed that can claim to be a practically robust solution for fluoride removal from drinking ***,we suggest developing next-generation filters that can retain essential miner

关键词： Fluoride Groundwater Water contamination WHO standards Climate zones remediation Sustainable Development Goals

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effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVID-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： marco A.Fornazieri Bruno m.Cunha Samuel p.Nicácio Lucas K.Anzolin JoséL.B.da Silva Aristides Fernandes Neto Deusdedit Brandão Neto richard L.Voegels Fábio D.r.pinna Department of Surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil Department of medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SArS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell ***:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the *** dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic *** predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the *** and those with more comorbidities had undergone more *** recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ ***,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell *** who took oral zinc were less likely to ***:No medication employed during the first months after SArS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive *** zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVID-19 drug therapy SArS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss

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Development and application of feature engineered geological layers for ranking magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic system components in Archean greenstone belts

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 251-273页

作者： r.m.montsion S.perrouty m.D.Lindsay m.W.Jessell r.Sherlock mineral exploration research Centre Harquail School of Earth SciencesGoodman School of MinesLaurentian UniversitySudburyOntario P3E 2C6Canada Centre for exploration Targeting School of Earth SciencesThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley 6009Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial research Organization Mineral Resources26 Dick Perry AveKensingtonWA 6151Australia ArC Centre for Data Analytics for resources and environments(DAre) Perth and SydneyAustralia

Geologically representative feature engineering is a crucial component in geoscientific applications of machine *** commonly applied feature engineering techniques used to produce input variables for machine learning apply geological knowledge to generic data science techniques,which can lead to ambiguity,geological oversimplification,and/or compounding subjective *** that utilize minimally processed input variables attempt to overcome these issues,but often lead to convoluted and uninterpretable *** address these challenges,new and enhanced feature engineering methods were developed by combining geological knowledge,understanding of data limitations,and a variety of data science *** include non-euclidean fluid pre-deformation path distance,rheological and chemical contrast,geologically constrained interpolation of characteristic host rock geochemistry,interpolation of mobile element gain/loss,assemblages,magnetic intensity,structural complexity,host rock physical *** methods were applied to compiled open-source and new field observations from Archean greenstone terranes in the Abitibi and western Wabigoon sub-provinces of the Superior province near Timmins and Dryden,Ontario,*** feature maps represent conceptually significant components in magmatic,volcanogenic,and orogenic mineral systems.A comparison of ranked feature importance from random forests to conceptual mineral system models show that the feature maps adequately represent system components,with a few exceptions attributed to biased training data or limited constraint *** study also highlights the shared importance of several highly ranked features for the three mineral systems,indicating that spatially related mineral systems exploit the same features when *** feature importance when classifying orogenic Au mineralization in Timmins and Dryden provides insights into the possible cause of contrasting endowment be

关键词： machine learning random forests mineral systems magmatic Ni-Cu-pGe Volcanogenic massive Sulfide(VmS)Cu-Zn-pb-Ag(-Au) Orogenic Au Abitibi Wabigoon

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Investigating Stability properties for Transition metal Carbonate precursors Using Universal Cluster expansion Technique(UNCLe)as Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第1期14卷 26-33页

作者： mogahabo Tebogo morukuladi N.L.Lethole m.C.masedi N.N.Ngoepe p.e.Ngoepe materials modelling Centre University of LimpopoPrivate Bag x1106Sovenga 0727South Africa Department of physics University of Fort HareAlice 5700South Africa

The universal cluster expansion technique was used in this study to determine the binary phase diagrams for the transition metal carbonate precursors mCO3(m:mn,Ni,Co).The use of mixed cathode materials in lithium-ion batteries such as NmC(Ni,mn and Co)formulations,is a strategic approach to optimize performance,enhance safety and address cost and environmental considerations in the rapidly evolving field of energy *** study focuses on the cost issue related to lithium ion batteries by investigating the manganese rich NmC since manganese is more abundant and *** doped mnCO3 with nickel and doped mnCO3 with cobalt then ran cluster expansion calculations to generate binary *** binary phase diagrams generated indicated that doping mnCO3 with nickel favours the mn-rich side,while doping mnCO3 with cobalt favours 50%mn-rich and 50%*** further extracted the most stable structures from both binary diagrams and determined their electronic,mechanical and vibrational stabilities using DFT(density functional theory)calculations within the LDA(local gradient approximation)with Hubbard parameter(U).The electronic properties revealed that both materials are semiconductors due to their narrow energy band gap obtained while the mechanical properties showed that structures are mechanically stable since their necessary conditions for trigonal and triclinic systems were satisfied.

关键词： Binary phase diagrams mechanical properties electronic conductivity phonon dispersion curves.

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evaluating implicit gender bias at Canadian otolaryngology meetings through use of professional title

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 12-17页

作者： Kylen Van Osch Agnieszka Dzioba Khadija Ahmed Andrew macDonald Jamila Skinner Harley Williams Julie e.Strychowsky m.elise Graham Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Otolaryngology London Health Sciences Centre Children's HospitalLondonOntarioCanada Faculty of medicine Schulich School of Medicine&DentistryWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives:Increasing numbers of women enter medical school *** number of female physicians in leadership positions has been much slower to *** are also well‐documented differences in the treatment of women as compared to men in professional *** presenters are less likely to be introduced by their professional title(“Doctor”)for grand rounds and conferences,especially with a man performing the *** study reviewed the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery(CSOHNS)meetings from 2017 to 2020 to determine the proportion of presenters introduced by their professional title and whether this varied by ***:recordings from CSOHNS meetings were reviewed and coded for introducer and presenter demographics,including leadership positions and ***‐squared tests of proportion and multivariate logistic regression was used to compare genders and identify factors associated with professional versus unprofessional forms of ***:No significant association was found between professional title use and introducer or presenter *** presenters were introduced with professional title 69.6%of the time,while male presenters were introduced with professional title 67.6%of the time(p=0.69).residents were introduced with a professional title with the most frequency(75.8%),while attending staff were introduced with a professional title with the least frequency(63.0%)(p=0.02).Conclusions:The lack of gender bias in speaker introductions at recent CSOHNS meetings demonstrates progress in achieving gender equity in *** efforts should continue to define additional forms of unconscious bias that may be contributing to gender inequity in leadership positions.

关键词： attitude of health personnel gender identity Otolaryngology women

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Standardizing mI-TLIF, a proposal for a reproducible Technique

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Open Journal of modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 91-103页

作者： Iván Ulises Sámano López Jesús Alberto pérez Contreras emmanuel Cantú Chávez Diana Chávez Lizárraga Ana Sofía peña Blesa Thania Karina Gutiérrez Anchondo Á ngeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México

Background: minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (mI TLIF) is a widely known and performed technique, however its versatility among different physicians continues to hinder its replication and results. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a step-by-step surgical guide to perform a safe mI-TLIF, based on the results obtained in patients operated on by a single surgeon over a period of 12 years. patients and methods: A retrospective, single center, longitudinal, and observational cohort study was conducted with 931 patients who underwent mI TLIF by a single surgeon between 2010 and 2022 using the technique described on this paper, each with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Criteria included Schizas classification, listhesis according to meyerding classification, number of levels treated, cage size, and complications (screw repositioning or cerebrospinal fluid leak). patient clinical outcomes were assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pre- and postoperative radicular pain. Thin slice CT scans were used to assess the progression of the fusion using the Bridwell classification. In the statistical analysis, percentages, median, and interquartile range (IQr) were calculated. results: Nine hundred and thirty one patients underwent mI TLIF using the technique described, eight hundred and eighty (94.5%) had a single level treated and fifty one (5.5%) had a 2 level procedure (982 levels), an 8mm cage was placed on five hundred and seventeenlevels (52.7%), six hundred and sixty three levels(67.6%) achieved grade I fusion, two hundred and sixty six levels (27.1%) achieved grade II fusion, 52 levels (5.3) achieved grade III fusion and one level (0.1) achieved a grade IV fusion or non-union. revision surgery was performed on 3 patients (0.3%) for screw repositioning, cerebrospinal fluid leak was present on 2 patients during surgery and treated before closure. VAS scores and ODI were improved at 12 months postop (V

关键词： mITLIF Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique pain relief and Disability

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