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Association of initial assessment variables and mortality in severe pediatric traumatic brain injury

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 125-133页

作者： katherine C Bergus Kelli N Patterson Lindsey Asti Josh Bricker Tariku J Beyene Lauren N Schulz Dana m Schwartz Rajan K Thakkar Eric A Sribnick Pediatric Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA CenterforSurgical Outcomes Research Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA Neurologic Surgery The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA Neurologic Surgery Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOhioUSA

Background Predictive scales have been used to prognosticate long-term outcomes of traumatic brain injury(TBI),but gaps remain in predicting mortality using initial trauma resuscitation *** sought to evaluate the association of clinical variables collected during the initial resuscitation of intubated pediatric severe patients with TBI with in-hospital *** Intubated pediatric trauma patientsma scale(GCS)score≤8)from January 2011 to December 2020 were *** between initial trauma resuscitation variables(temperature,pulse,mean arterial blood pressure,GCS score,hemoglobin,international normalized ratio(INR),platelet count,oxygen saturation,end tidal carbon dioxide,blood glucose and pupillary response)and mortality were evaluated with multivariable logistic *** Among 314 patients,median age was 5.5 years(interquartile range(IQR):2.2-12.8),GCS score was 3(IQR:3-6),Head Abbreviated Injury Score(hAIS)was 4(IQR:3-5),and most had a severe(25-49)Injury Severity Score(ISS)(48.7%,153/314).Overall mortality was 26.8%.GCS score,hAIS,ISS,INR,platelet count,and blood glucose were associated with in-hospital mortality(all pmortality *** 1-point increase in GCS score was associated with a 35%decrease in odds of *** hAIS,INR,and blood glucose increased,the odds of mortality *** each 1.0 unit increase in INR,the odds of mortality increased by 1427%.Conclusions Pediatric patients with severe TBI are at substantial risk for in-hospital *** are needed to examine whether earlier interventions targeting specific parameters of INR and blood glucose impact mortality.

关键词： mortality pediatric traumatic

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Al^(3+) doped CeO_(2) for proton conducting fuel cells

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2024年第10期31卷 2253-2262页

作者： Sarfraz Shahzad Rasool muhammad Khalid mAKYousaf Shah Bin Zhu jung-Sik Kim muhammad Imran Asghar Nabeela Akbar Wenjing Dong Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage joint Research Center School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of microelectronics Hubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Renewable Energy Technologies Group Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesTampere UniversityFI-33014Finland

Developing high ionic conducting electrolytes is crucial for applying proton-conducting fuel cell(PCFCs)*** cur-rent study investigates the effect of alumina on the structural,morphological,electrical,and electrochemical properties of CeO_(2).Lattice oxygen vacancies are induced in CeO_(2) by a general doping concept that enables fast ionic conduction at low-temperature ranges(300-500℃)for *** refinement of the X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns established the pure cubic fluorite structure of Al-doped CeO_(2)(ADC)samples and confirmed Al ions’fruitful integration in the CeO_(2) *** electronic structure of the alumina-doped ceria of the materials(10ADC,20ADC,and 30ADC)has been *** a result,it was found that the best composition of 30ADC-based electrolytes induced maximum lattice oxygen *** corresponding PCFC exhibited a maximum power output of 923 mW/cm^(2)at 500℃.moreover,the investigation proves the proton-conducting ability of alumina-doped ceria-based fuel cells by using an oxide ion-blocking layer.

关键词： proton ceramic fuel cells oxygen vacancies higher fuel cell performance doping fast ions transportation

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Surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over CH_(4) formation at the solid–gas interface

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： Chaitanya B.Hiragond Sohag Biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim Hong Soo Kim Jin-Woo jung Chang-Hee Cho Bryan m.Wong Su-Il In Department of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical&Environmental Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Physics and Chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience Corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

Systematic optimization of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each component is important to maximizing catalytic activity and comprehending the photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatment was designed in this study to convert CO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatment modifies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and promotes CO_(2) ***-resonance transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chemical composition of the photocatalyst,while thermogravimetric analysis,CO_(2) adsorption isotherm,and temperature programmed desorption study were performed to examine the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatment in increasing CO_(2) reduction *** optimized Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst performed excellent CO_(2) reduction activity into CO,CH4,and C2H6 with a~95%selectivity of CH4,where the activity was~135 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first time,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatment on the photocatalyst that dramatically increases CO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase CO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatment plasmonic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface modification

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Rheological properties of rare earth minerals flotation pulp in the presence of anions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2172-2182页

作者： moonchul jung Bogale Tadesse Craig Dick Alex Logan Laurence Dyer Boris Albijanic Western Australia School of mines Curtin University Lynas Rare Earths Ltd

Water quality has been found to significantly influence the flotation operations due to the alteration of surface properties of *** effect of cations on the flotation of RE minerals has been studied,however,there are still very limited information regarding the effect of *** present study examined the impact of specific anions such as Cl-,SO42-,and HCO3-on the flotation performance of rare earth（RE） *** study integrates flotation experiments,rheology measurements,entrainment experiments,zeta potential measurements and settling *** is observed that an increase in the concentration of these anions lead to a decrease in the recovery of RE minerals and an increase in the recovery of FeO minerals and thus negatively affecting flotation *** adverse effect is most pronounced with Cl-and least noticeable with HCO3-.An increase in the non-selective entrainment of gangue minerals is observed when the flotation pulp has higher *** reduction in the zeta potential of fine particles in the presence of these results in a higher pulp viscosity due to increased attractive forces between *** findings were verified by settling experiments and calculations based on the DLVO theory.

关键词： Flotation Rare earth ore Anions Pulp rheology Entrainment DLVO theory

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Finding the magnetopause location using soft X-ray observations and a statistical inverse method

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 184-203页

作者： Gonzalo Cucho-Padin Hyunju Connor Jaewoong jung Brian Walsh David G.Sibeck Space Weather Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Department of Physics The Catholic University of AmericaWashingtonDCUSA Geospace Physics Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA Astronomy Department University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMDUSA Center for Space Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMAUSA

Variability in the location and shape of the dayside magnetopause is attributed to magnetic reconnection,a fundamental process that enables the transfer of mass,energy,and momentum from the solar wind into the *** spatial and temporal properties of the magnetopause,under varying solar and magnetospheric conditions,remain largely unknown because empirical studies using in-situ observations are challenging to *** wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging is the only means to simultaneously observe the spatial distribution of the plasma properties over the vast dayside magnetospheric region and,subsequently,quantify the energy transport from the interplanetary medium into the terrestrial *** upcoming missions,ESA/CAS SmILE and NASA’s LEXI will provide wide-field imagery of the dayside magnetosheath in soft X-rays,an emission generated by charge exchange interactions between high charge-state heavy ions of solar wind origin and exospheric neutral ***-cadence two-dimensional observations of the magnetosheath will allow the estimation of dynamic properties of its inner boundary,the magnetopause,and enable studies of its response to changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field *** work introduces a statistically-based estimation approach based on inverse theory to estimate the spatial distribution of magnetosheath soft X-ray emissivities and,with this,identify the location of the magnetopause over the Sun−Earth *** do so,we simulate the magnetosheath structure using the mHD-based OpenGGCm model and generate synthetic soft X-ray images using LEXI’s orbit and attitude *** results show that 3-D estimations using the described statistically-based technique are robust against Poisson-distributed shot noise inherent to soft X-ray ***,our proposed methodology shows that the accuracy of both three-dimensional(3-D)estimation and the magnetopause standoff distance calculation hi

关键词： magnetopause soft X-ray tomography

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Realizing High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type Se-Free Bi2Te3 materials by Spontaneous Incorporation of FeTe2 Nanoinclusions

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第4期7卷 344-354页

作者： Jamil Ur Rahman Woo Hyun Nam Yong-Jae jung Jong Ho Won Jong-min Oh Nguyen Van Du Gul Rahman Víctor m.García-Suárez Ran He Kornelius Nielsch jung Young Cho Won-Seon Seo Jong Wook Roh Sang-il Kim Soonil Lee Kyu Hyoung Lee Hyun Sik Kim Weon Ho Shin Leibniz Institute for Solid State and materials Research Advanced materials Convergence R&D Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology Department of Electronic materials Engineering Kwangwoon University Department of Energy Engineering Dankook University Faculty of Fundamental Science Phenikaa University Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center-CINN Department of materials Science and Engineering Yonsei University School of Nano & materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Seoul School of materials Science and Engineering Changwon National University

Bi2Te3-based materials have drawn much attention from the thermoelectric community due to their excellent thermoelectric performance near room ***,the stability of existing n-type Bi2（Te,Se）3materials is still low due to the evaporation energy of Se (37.70 kJ mol-1) being much lower than that of Te (52.55 kJ mol-1).The evaporated Se from the material causes problems in interconnects of the module while degrading the efficiency.

关键词： Bi2Te3 energy harvesting FeTe2 nanoinclusion n-type materials thermoelectric

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multifunctional mXene/Carbon Nanotube Janus Film for Electromagnetic Shielding and Infrared Shielding/Detection in Harsh Environments

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 543-560页

作者： Tufail Hassan Aamir Iqbal Byungkwon Yoo Jun Young Jo Nilufer Cakmakci Shabbir madad Naqvi Hyerim Kim Sungmin jung Noushad Hussain Ujala Zafar Soo Yeong Cho Seunghwan Jeong Jaewoo Kim jung min Oh Sangwoon Park Youngjin Jeong Chong min Koo School of Advanced materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Composite materials Korea Institute of Science and Technology92 Chudong-roBongdong-eupWanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55324Republic of Korea R&D Center INNOmXENE Co. Ltd.Daejeon 34365Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

multifunctional,flexible,and robust thin films capable of operating in demanding harsh temperature environments are crucial for various cutting-edge *** study presents a multifunctional Janus film integrating highly-crystalline Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) mXene and mechanically-robust carbon nanotube(CNT)film through strong hydrogen *** hybrid film not only exhibits high electrical conductivity(4250 S cm^(-1)),but also demonstrates robust mechanical strength and durability in both extremely low and high temperature environments,showing exceptional resistance to thermal *** hybrid Janus film of 15μm thickness reveals remarkable multifunctionality,including efficient electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 72 dB in X band frequency range,excellent infrared(IR)shielding capability with an average emissivity of 0.09(a minimal value of 0.02),superior thermal camouflage performance over a wide temperature range(−1 to 300℃)achieving a notable reduction in the radiated temperature by 243℃ against a background temperature of 300℃,and outstanding IR detection capability characterized by a 44%increase in resistance when exposed to 250 W IR *** multifunctional mXene/CNT Janus film offers a feasible solution for electromagnetic shielding and IR shielding/detection under challenging conditions.

关键词： mXene/carbon nanotube Janus film Electromagnetic interference shielding Infrared shielding Thermal camouflage Infrared detection

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Significantly Improved High-Temperature Energy Storage Performance of BOPP Films by Coating Nanoscale Inorganic Layer

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Energy & Environmental materials 2024年第2期7卷 30-38页

作者： Tiandong Zhang Hainan Yu Young Hoon jung Changhai Zhang Yu Feng Qingguo Chen Keon Jae Lee Qingguo Chi School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China Department of materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 350701Korea

Biaxially oriented polypropylene(BOPP)is one of the most commonly used commercial capacitor films,but its upper operating temperature is below 105℃due to the sharply increased electrical conduction loss at high *** this study,growing an inorganic nanoscale coating layer onto the BOPP film's surface is proposed to suppress electrical conduction loss at high temperature,as well as increase its upper operating *** kinds of inorganic coating layers that have different energy band structure and dielectric property are grown onto the both surface of BOPP films,*** effect of inorganic coating layer on the high-temperature energy storage performance has been systematically *** favorable coating layer materials and appropriate thickness enable the BOPP films to have a significant improvement in high-temperature energy storage ***,when the aluminum nitride(AIN)acts as a coating layer,the AIN-BOPP-AIN sandwich-structured films possess a discharged energy density of 1.5 J cm^(-3)with an efficiency of 90%at 125℃,accompanying an outstandingly cyclic *** the discharged energy density and operation temperature are significantly enhanced,indicating that this efficient and facile method provides an important reference to improve the high-temperature energy storage performance of polymer-based dielectric films.

关键词： coating layer energy storage interfacial barrier polymer films

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Primary and Secondary microplastic and Nanoplastic Regulations: Perspectives on Water Industry Impacts

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 697-715页

作者： Shirin Estahbanati Giridhar Upadhyaya martha J. m. Wells katherine Y. Bell Brown and Caldwell New York NY USA Brown and Caldwell Irvine CA USA EnviroChem Services Cookeville TN USA Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

Plastic pollution, both primary and secondary, is an environmental challenge, prompting regulatory actions at global and regional levels. With increasing research about the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ecosystems and human health, governments worldwide have undertaken efforts to address this issue. The global community has advanced regulatory efforts that have led to the implementation of national laws or regulations in numerous countries. These measures ban or restrict the use of primary and secondary microplastics and nanoplastics. An overview of global and European regulatory frameworks is presented to provide context for the United States (US). In the endeavor to document plastics regulation development in the US, a description of regulatory agencies and their roles in advancing policy and rules as well as future direction and areas for improvement in regulating plastics are introduced. A discussion of what emerging regulations mean to utilities and industries is also provided along with a comparison of regulatory frameworks.

关键词： microplastic Regulation Environmental Governance Plastic Pollution mitigation Regulatory Framework

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Enhancing BiVO_(4)photoanode performance by insertion of an epitaxial BiFeO_(3)ferroelectric layer

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 71-78,I0003页

作者： Haejin Jang Yejoon Kim Hojoong Choi Jiwoong Yang Yoonsung jung Sungkyun Choi Donghyeon Lee Ho Won Jang Sanghan Lee School of materials Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

BiVO_(4)(BVO)is a promising material as the photoanode for use in photoelectrochemical ***,the high charge recombination and slow charge transfer of the BVO have been obstacles to achieving satisfactory photoelectrochemical *** address this,various modifications have been attempted,including the use of ferroelectric *** materials can form a permanent polarization within the layer,enhancing the separation and transport of photo-excited electron-hole *** this study,we propose a novel approach by depositing an epitaxial BiFeO_(3)(BFO)thin film underneath the BVO thin film(BVO/BFO)to harness the ferroelectric property of *** self-polarization of the inserted BFO thin film simultaneously functions as a buffer layer to enhance charge transport and a hole-blocking layer to reduce charge *** a result,the BVO/BFO photoanodes showed more than 3.5 times higher photocurrent density(0.65 mA cm^(-2))at 1.23 V_(RHE)under the illumination compared to the bare BVO photoanodes(0.18 m A cm^(-2)),which is consistent with the increase of the applied bias photon-to-current conversion efficiencies(ABPE)and the result of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)*** results can be attributed to the self-polarization exhibited by the inserted BFO thin film,which promoted the charge separation and transfer efficiency of the BVO photoanodes.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical Photoanode BiVO_(4) Ferroelectric materials BiFeO_(3)

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