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Lesion-symptom mapping with NIHSS sub-scores in ischemic stroke patients

Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第2期7卷 124-131页

作者： Deepthi Rajashekar matthias Wilms m ethan macdonald Serena Schimert michael D Hill Andrew Demchuk mayank Goyal Sean P Dukelow Nils Daniel Forkert Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Radiology Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of Community Health Sciences Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Department of medicine Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Background Lesion-symptom mapping(LSm)is a statistical technique to investigate the population-specific relationship between structural integrity and post-stroke clinical *** clinical practice,patients are commonly evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),an 11-domain clinical score to quantitate neurological deficits due to *** far,LSm studies have mostly used the total NIHSS score for analysis,which might not uncover subtle structure–function relationships associated with the specific sub-domains of the NIHSS ***,the aim of this work was to investigate the feasibility to perform LSm analyses with sub-score information to reveal category-specific structure–function relationships that a total score may not *** Employing a multivariate technique,LSm analyses were conducted using a sample of 180 patients with NIHSS assessment at 48-hour post-stroke from the ESCAPE *** NIHSS domains were grouped into six categories using two *** was conducted for each category of the two groupings and the total NIHSS *** Sub-score LSms not only identify most of the brain regions that are identified as critical by the total NIHSS score but also reveal additional brain regions critical to each function category of the NIHSS assessment without requiring extensive,specialised *** These findings show that widely available sub-scores of clinical outcome assessments can be used to investigate more specific structure–function relationships,which may improve predictive modelling of stroke outcomes in the context of modern clinical stroke assessments and neuroimaging.

关键词： patients score category

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Physiological phenotypes differ among color morphs in introduced common wall lizards(Podarcis muralis)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 505-523页

作者： Ali AmER Sierra SPEARS Princeton L.VAUGHN Cece COLWELL ethan H.LIVINGSTON Wyatt mCQUEEN Anna SCHILL Dustin G.REICHARD Eric J.GANGLOFF Kinsey m.BROCK Department of Biological Sciences Ohio Wesleyan UniversityDelawareOhioUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew JerseyUSA Department of Biology Idaho State UniversityPocatelloIdahoUSA Department of Environmental Science Policyand ManagementCollege of Natural ResourcesUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA

many species exhibit color polymorphisms which have distinct physiological and behavioral ***,the consistency of morph trait covariation patterns across species,time,and ecological contexts remains *** trait covariation is especially relevant in the context of invasion biology and urban ***,physiological traits pertaining to energy maintenance are crucial to fitness,given their immediate ties to individual reproduction,growth,and population *** investigated the physiological traits of Podarcis muralis,a versatile color polymorphic species that thrives in urban environments(including invasive populations in Ohio,USA).We measured five physiological traits(plasma corticosterone and triglycerides,hematocrit,body condition,and field body temperature),which compose an integrated multivariate *** then tested variation among co-occurring color morphs in the context of establishment in an urban *** found that the traits describing physiological status and strategy shifted across the active season in a morph-dependent manner—the white and yellow morphs exhibited clearly different multivariate physiological phenotypes,characterized primarily by differences in plasma *** suggests that morphs have different strategies in physiological regulation,the flexibility of which is crucial to urban *** white-yellow morph exhibited an intermediate phenotype,suggesting an intermediary energy maintenance *** morphs also exhibited distinct phenotypes,but the low prevalence of this morph in our study populations precludes clear *** work provides insight into how differences among stable polymorphisms exist across axes of the phenotype and how this variation may aid in establishment within novel environments.

关键词： color polymorphism physiological status seasonal variation thermoregulation urban habitat

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Engineered hydrogels for brain tumor culture and therapy

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2020年第3期3卷 203-226页

作者： Jai Thakor Samad Ahadian Ali Niakan ethan Banton Fatemeh Nasrollahi mohammad mHasani‑Sadrabadi Ali Khademhosseini Center for minimally Invasive Therapeutics(C‑mIT) University of California-Los Angeles570 Westwood PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Bioengineering University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of materials Science and Engineering University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology Division of Advanced ProsthodonticsSchool of DentistryUniversity of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Radiological Sciences University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation(TIBI) Los AngelesCA 90024USA

Brain tumors’severity ranges from benign to highly aggressive and *** tools can assist in understanding the pathophysiology of these tumors from outside the body and facilitate development of suitable antitumoral ***,we first describe the physiology and cellular composition of brain ***,we discuss the development of threedimensional tissue models utilizing brain tumor *** particular,we highlight the role of hydrogels in providing a biomimetic support for the cells to grow into defined *** technologies,such as electrospinning and bioprinting,and advanced cellular models aim to mimic the extracellular matrix and natural cellular localization in engineered tumor ***,we review current applications and prospects of hydrogels for therapeutic purposes,such as drug delivery and co-administration with other *** further development,hydrogels can serve as a reliable option for in vitro modeling and treatment of brain tumors for translational medicine.

关键词： Brain tumor Bioengineering Cancer cells Drug delivery Hydrogel

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AI-Assisted approach for building energy and carbon footprint modeling

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第3期5卷 201-208页

作者： Chih-Yen Chen Kok Keong Chai ethan Lau School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonUnited Kingdom

This paper proposes an energy and carbon footprint modelling using artificial intelligence technique to assess the impact of occupant density for various types of office *** use EnergyPlus to simulate energy con-sumption,and then estimate the related CO₂emissions based on three years(2016–2018)of Actual meteoro-logical Year(AmY)weather *** occupant densities were used to evaluate the annual energy consumption and CO₂*** this work,a robust deep learning technique of long short-term memory(LSTm)model was established to predict the time-series energy consumption and CO₂emissions.A power exponential curve was suggested to correlate the behaviour of annual energy and CO₂emission for occupant densities range from 10 to 100 m2/person for each office building *** results of LSTm model show high prediction performance and small variations within the three types of office building data,which can be applied to the similar building model to predict and optimise energy consumption and CO₂emission.

关键词： Building energy simulation and benchmarking Carbon footprint Occupant density Artificial intelligence Long short-term memory(LSTm) Smart city

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Immanant positivity for Catalan-Stieltjes matrices

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Frontiers of mathematics in China 2022年第5期17卷 887-903页

作者： ethan Y.H.LI Grace m.X.LI Arthur L.B.YANG Candice X.T.ZHANG Center for Combinatorics LPMCNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

We give some sufficient conditions for the nonnegativity of immanants of square submatrices of Catalan-Stieltjes matrices and their corresponding Hankel *** obtain these sufficient conditions,we construct new planar networks with a recursive nature for Catalan-Stieltjes *** applications,we provide a unified way to produce inequalities for many combinatorial polynomials,such as the Eulerian polynomials,Schröder polynomials,and Narayana polynomials.

关键词： Immanant character Catalan-Stieltjes matrices Hankel matrices planar network

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Do Not Resuscitate status as an independent risk factor for patients undergoing surgery for hip fracture

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第12期8卷 902-912页

作者： ethan Y Brovman Andrew J Pisansky Anair Beverly Angela m Bader Richard D Urman Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women’s Hospital Center for Perioperative Research Brigham and Women’s Hospital

AIm To determine morbidity and mortality in this specific patient group and also to assess for any independent associations between Do Not Resuscitate(DNR) status and increased post-operative morbidity and *** We conducted a propensity score matched retrospective analysis using de-identified data from the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Project(ACS NSQIP) for all patients undergoing hip fracture surgery over a 7 year period in hospitals across the United States enrolled in ACS NSQIP with and without Do Not Resuscitate Status. We measured patient demographics including DNR status, co-morbidities, frailty and functional baseline, surgical and anaestheticprocedure data, post-operative morbidity/complications, length of stay, discharge destination and *** Of 9218 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 13.6% had a DNR status, 86.4% did not. mortality was higher in the DNR status compared to the non-DNR group, at 15.3% vs 8.1% and propensity score matched multivariable analysis demonstrated that DNR status was independently associated with mortality(OR = 2.04, 95%CI: 1.46-2.86, P matched cohort demonstrated that DNR status was associated with a significant, but very small increased likelihood of post-operative complications(0.53 vs 0.43 complications per episode; OR = 1.21; 95%CI: 1.04-1.41, P = 0.004). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and unplanned reintubation were significantly less likely in patients with DNR *** Whilst DNR status patients had higher rates of postoperative complications and mortality, DNR status itself was not otherwise associated with increased morbidity. DNR status appears to increase 30-d mortality via ceilings of care in keeping with a DNR status, including withholding reintubation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

关键词： Do Not Resuscitate Consent Perioperative Outcomes mortality Hip fracture

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Anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory and antibacterial tannin-crosslinked citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesives facilitate scarless wound healing

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Bioactive materials 2023年第2期20卷 93-110页

作者： Keke Wu meimei Fu Yitao Zhao ethan Gerhard Yue Li Jian Yang Jinshan Guo Department of Histology and Embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of CosmeticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversitySouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

The revolutionary role of tissue adhesives in wound closure,tissue sealing,and bleeding control necessitates the development of multifunctional materials capable of effective and scarless *** contrast to the use of traditionally utilized toxic oxidative crosslinking initiators(exemplified by sodium periodate and silver nitrate),herein,the natural polyphenolic compound tannic acid(TA)was used to achieve near instantaneous(mediated gelation of citrate-based mussel-inspired bioadhesives combining anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory,and antimicrobial activities(3A-TCmBAs).The resulting materials were self-healing and possessed low swelling ratios(mechanical strength(up to~1.0 mPa),elasticity(elongation~2700%),and adhesion(up to 40 kPa).The 3A-TCmBAs showed strong in vitro and in vivo anti-oxidant ability,favorable cytocompatibility and cell migration,as well as photothermal antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli(>90%bacterial death upon near-infrared(NIR)irradiation).In vivo evaluation in both an infected full-thickness skin wound model and a rat skin incision model demonstrated that 3A-TCmBAs+NIR treatment could promote wound closure and collagen deposition and improve the collagen Ⅰ/Ⅲ ratio on wound sites while simultaneously inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory ***,phased angiogenesis was observed via promotion in the early wound closure phases followed by inhibition and triggering of degradation&remodeling of the extracellular matrix(ECm)in the late stage(supported by phased CD31(platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1)PDGF(platelet-derived growth factor)and VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor)expression as well as elevated matrix metalloprotein-9(mmP-9)expression on day 21),resulting in scarless wound *** significant convergence of material and bioactive properties elucidated above warrant further exploration of 3A-TCmBAs as a signific

关键词： Anti-oxidant Hydrogen bond crosslinking Phased angiogenesis Scarless wound healing Tannic acid

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Design strategies and applications of biomaterials and devices for Hernia repair

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Bioactive materials 2016年第1期1卷 2-17页

作者： Surge Kalaba ethan Gerhard Joshua S.Winder Eric m.Pauli Randy S.Haluck Jian Yang Department of Biomedical Engineering Materials Research InstituteThe Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Surgery College of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA

Hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide,with a multibillion dollar global *** design remains a critical challenge for the successful repair and prevention of recurrent hernias,and despite significant progress,there is no ideal mesh for every *** review summarizes the evolution of prostheses design toward successful hernia repair beginning with a description of the anatomy of the disease and the classifications of ***,the major milestones in implant design are *** encountered complications and strategies to minimize these adverse effects are described,followed by a thorough description of the implant characteristics necessary for successful ***,available implants are categorized and their advantages and limitations are elucidated,including non-absorbable and absorbable(synthetic and biologically derived)prostheses,composite prostheses,and coated *** review not only summarizes the state of the art in hernia repair,but also suggests future research directions toward improved hernia repair utilizing novel materials and fabrication methods.

关键词： Hernia repair Hernia mesh Hernia prosthesis Hernia Citric acid

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Development of a Bayesian inference model for assessing ventilation condition based on CO_(2)meters in primary schools

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Building Simulation 2023年第1期16卷 133-149页

作者： Danlin Hou Liangzhu(Leon)Wang Ali Katal Shujie Yan Liang(Grace)Zhou Vicky Wang mark Vuotari ethan Li Zihan Xie Centre for Zero Energy Building Studies Department of BuildingCivil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd.WestMontrealQuebecH3G 1M8Canada Construction Research Centre Engineering DivisionNational Research Council of CanadaM-241200 Montreal RoadOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Outdoor fresh air ventilation plays a significant role in reducing airborne transmission of diseases in indoor *** classrooms are considerably challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the increasing need for in-person education,untimely and incompleted vaccinations,high occupancy density,and uncertain ventilation *** schools started to use CO_(2)meters to indicate air quality,but how to interpret the data remains *** uncertainties are also involved,including manual readings,student numbers and schedules,uncertain CO_(2)generation rates,and variable indoor and ambient *** study proposed a Bayesian inference approach with sensitivity analysis to understand CO_(2)readings in four primary schools by identifying uncertainties and calibrating key *** outdoor ventilation rate,CO_(2)generation rate,and occupancy level were identified as the top sensitive parameters for indoor CO_(2)*** occupancy schedule becomes critical when the CO_(2)data are limited,whereas a 15-min measurement interval could capture dynamic CO_(2)profiles well even without the occupancy *** CO_(2)recording should be avoided because it failed to capture peak values and overestimated the ventilation *** the four primary school rooms,the calibrated ventilation rate with a 95%confidence level for fall condition is 1.96±0.31 ACH for Room#1(165 m^(3)and 20 occupancies)with mechanical ventilation,and for the rest of the naturally ventilated rooms,it is 0.40±0.08 ACH for Room#2(236 m^(3)and 21 occupancies),0.30±0.04 or 0.79±0.06 ACH depending on occupancy schedules for Room#3(236 m^(3)and 19 occupancies),0.40±0.32,0.48±0.37,0.72±0.39 ACH for Room#4(231 m^(3)and 8–9 occupancies)for three consecutive days.

关键词： COVID-19 Bayesian calibration markov Chain monte Carlo ventilation rate school CO_(2)

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Group A streptococcal antigen exposed rat model to investigate neurobehavioral and cardiac complications associated with post-streptococcal autoimmune sequelae

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Animal models and Experimental medicine 2021年第2期4卷 151-161页

作者： Rukshan A.m.Rafeek Catherine m.Lobbe ethan C.Wilkinson Adam S.Hamlin Nicholas m.Andronicos David J.mcmillan Kadaba S.Sriprakash Natkunam Ketheesan School of Science&Technology University of New EnglandArmidaleNSWAustralia School of Science TechnologyEngineering and Genecology Research CentreUniversity of the Sunshine CoastMaroochydore DCQLDAustralia QImR Berghofer medical Research Institute HerstonQLDAustralia

Background:The neuropsychiatric disorders due to post-streptococcal autoimmune complications such as Sydenham's chorea(SC)are associated with acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease(ARF/RHD).An animal model that exhibits char-acteristics of both cardiac and neurobehavioral defects in ARF/RHD would be an important adjunct for future *** age,gender,strain differences,and geno-types impact on the development of autoimmunity,we investigated the behavior of male and female Wistar and Lewis rat strains in two age cohorts(6 weeks and 12 weeks)under normal husbandry conditions and following exposure to group A streptococcus(GAS).methods:Standard behavioral assessments were performed to determine the impair-ments in fine motor control(food manipulation test),gait and balance(beam walk-ing test),and obsessive-compulsive behavior(grooming and marble burying tests).Furthermore,electrocardiography,histology,and behavioral assessments were per-formed on male and female Lewis rats injected with GAS ***:For control Lewis rats there were no significant age and gender dependent differences in marble burying,food manipulation,beam walking and grooming *** contrast significant age-dependent differences were observed in Wistar rats in all the behavioral tests except for food ***,Lewis rats were selected for further experiments to determine the effect of *** ex-posure to GAS,Lewis rats demonstrated neurobehavioral abnormalities and cardiac pathology akin to SC and ARF/RHD,***:We have characterised a new model that provides longitudinal stability of age-dependent behavior,to simultaneously investigate both neurobehavioral and cardiac abnormalities associated with post-streptococcal complications.

关键词： animal model group A streptococcus Lewis rats paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections(PANDAS) rheumatic fever rheumatic heart disease sydenham chorea(SC)

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