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Exploring commercial water electrolyser systems: a data-based analysis of product characteristics

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 126-133页

作者： Jin, Xin You, Shi petersen, marianne Riofrio, Jonathan Thakur, Soumya Traeholt, Chresten Feng, Zhijian Tech Univ Denmark Dept Wind & Energy Syst DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy AS DK-7330 Brande Denmark

The urgency for energy transition is evident through the increasing demand for new technologies such as water electrolysers (WEs), which have the potential to generate green hydrogen using renewable electricity. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the technical capabilities of commercially available WE system products. The analysis is based on publicly accessible data gathered from 28 WE manufacturers worldwide with a total of 186 products, focusing on technology types and various technical characteristics of each WE system, including capacity, footprint, hydrogen output pressure, hydrogen purity and conversion rate. The analysis reveals that the current WE system solutions in the market exhibit diverse and varied characteristics. Further, there is a lack of standardized product specifications adopted by manufacturers. This underscores the urgent need for the development of frameworks and standards. Implementing such standards is crucial for enhancing clarity and understanding, facilitating efficient comparisons and selection processes, and supporting the future advancement of WE technologies and WE-enabled Power-to-X applications on a global scale. A comprehensive overview of the technical capabilities of commercially available water electrolysis system products is presented. The analysis is based on publicly accessible data gathered from manufacturers worldwide, focusing on technology types and technical characteristics, including capacity, conversion rate, footprint, hydrogen output pressure, hydrogen purity and efficiency. Graphical Abstract

关键词： data analysis hydrogen Power-to-X standards water electrolyser system ENERGY

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吉西他滨治疗胰腺癌的药效相关的遗传变异

吉西他滨治疗胰腺癌的药效相关的遗传变异

全国肿瘤流行病学和肿瘤病因学学术会议

作者：李亮 Gregory Jenkins Erin E.Carlson Brooke L.Fridley William R.Bamlet Gloria m.petersen Robert R.mcWilliams Liewei Wang 中国医学科学院医药生物技术研究所肿瘤室

研究背景:胰腺癌是一种以吉西他滨为一线治疗药物的迅速致命的恶性疾病。因此,为更好地发挥吉西他滨治疗胰腺癌的药效,我们进行了基因型与表型的关联研究,以筛查预测吉西他滨疗效的生物标志物。方法:我们根据之前利用正常人淋巴母细胞...

研究背景:胰腺癌是一种以吉西他滨为一线治疗药物的迅速致命的恶性疾病。因此,为更好地发挥吉西他滨治疗胰腺癌的药效,我们进行了基因型与表型的关联研究,以筛查预测吉西他滨疗效的生物标志物。方法:我们根据之前利用正常人淋巴母细胞模型系统的GWAS分析结果 ,选取与吉西他滨细胞毒性最相关的200个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）,同时获取经/或不使用吉西他滨联合治疗的400例胰腺癌患者样本,进行Cox比例风险模型分析与患者总生存期（OS）的相关性:进而通过SNP基因型与吉西他滨相互作用分析,确定与吉西他滨作用相关的SNP对患者总生存期（OS）的影响。并通过Imputation分析与OS相关SNPs的200KB上下游区域中SNP对OS的影响。此外,我们还利用其它独立的537例胰腺癌患者的DNA样本,采用Taqman探针法验证重复候选SNPs。最后,用siRNA干扰候选基因表达水平后,在体外观察吉西他滨细胞毒性,进行实验功能验证。结果:我们利用400例患者样本发现位于染色体1,3,9,和20的4个SNP位点与经吉西他滨治疗的患者OS明显相关（P＜0.01）,以及估算分析获得的4个SNP也呈现相似的相关性。并利用537例其他样本验证得到两基因中的两个估算SNP与吉西他滨治疗后患者的OS呈相关趋势。其中XXX表达水平下降能够明显降低胰腺癌细胞对吉西他滨作用的敏感性。结论:我们筛选确定了4个位于不同区域的SNP可能与吉西他滨暴露后胰腺患者的OS相关。基因XXX可能影响患者个体对吉西他滨的药物反应的差异。这些结果可能有助于我们寻找恰当的药效预测性生物标志物以更好地发挥吉西他滨治疗胰腺癌的药效。

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一个紧凑的小孔径直通真空阀

真空 1979年第6期 113-113页

作者： F.Baker D.Gibson m.petersen 叶唐立

Alkaline sphingomyelinase deficiency impairs intestinal mucosal barrier integrity and reduces antioxidant capacity in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1405-1419页

作者： Ye Tian Xin Li Xu Wang Si-Ting Pei Hong-Xin Pan Yu-Qi Cheng Yi-Chen Li Wen-Ting Cao Jin-Dong Ding petersen Ping Zhang International School of Public Health and One Health Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina medical Laboratory Science and Technology College Harbin Medical University-Daqing CampusDaqing 163000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Laboratory Diagnosis Qiqihar Tuberculosis Control CenterQiqihar 161000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1353Denmark Department of Public Health University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5000Denmark

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon with an unknown *** sphingomyelinase(alk-Smase)is specifically expressed by intestinal epithelial cells,and has been reported to play an anti-inflammatory ***,the underlying mechanism is still *** To explore the mechanism of alk-Smase anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal barrier function and oxidative stress in dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced *** mice were administered 3%DSS drinking water,and disease activity index was determined to evaluate the status of *** permeability was evaluated by gavage administration of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran,and bacterial translocation was evaluated by measuring serum *** epithelial cell ultrastructure was observed by electron *** blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of intestinal barrier proteins and mRNA,*** oxidant and antioxidant marker levels were analyzed using commercial kits to assess oxidative stress *** Compared to wild-type(WT)mice,inflammation and intestinal permeability in alk-Smase knockout(KO)mice were more severe beginning 4 d after DSS *** mRNA and protein levels of intestinal barrier proteins,including zonula occludens-1,occludin,claudin-3,claudin-5,claudin-8,mucin 2,and secretory immunoglobulin A,were significantly reduced on 4 d after DSS *** observations revealed progressive damage to the tight junctions of intestinal epithelial ***,by day 4,mitochondria appeared swollen and ***,compared to WT mice,serum malondialdehyde levels in KO mice were higher,and the antioxidant capacity was significantly *** expression of the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)in the colonic mucosal tissue of KO mice was significantly decr

关键词： Alkaline sphingomyelinase Intestinal mucosal barrier Antioxidant capacity Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2

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重新评估新马德里地震带

世界地震译丛 2002年第3期33卷 35-40页

作者： G．Atkinson B．Bakun P.Bodin D．Boore C．Cramer A．Frankel P.Gasperini J．Gomberg T.Hanks B．Heermann S．Hough A．Johnston S．Kenner C．Langston m．Linker P.mayne m．petersen C．Powell W.Prescott E．Schweig P.Segall S．Stein B．Stuart m．Tuttle R．VanArsdale 米宏亮王立新李娟吴建平不详中国地震局分析预报中心

以新马德里地震带(以下简称NmSZ,图1)而知名的美国大陆中部地区,尽管远离板块边界,但却频繁发生特大地震,其发震机制一直是个未解之谜。NmSZ地区并没有大多数活动形变地区构造运动特征的显著地形起伏,但当面对该整个地区地震危险性在某... 详细信息

以新马德里地震带(以下简称NmSZ,图1)而知名的美国大陆中部地区,尽管远离板块边界,但却频繁发生特大地震,其发震机制一直是个未解之谜。NmSZ地区并没有大多数活动形变地区构造运动特征的显著地形起伏,但当面对该整个地区地震危险性在某些概率水平上可以与旧金山湾地区相比的证据时,我们多数人感到需要“拧自己一下以看看我们是否在做梦”。尽管在很多方面,评估NmSZ地区的危险性比评价美国西部地区更具挑战性,不确定性更大,但经过细致地科学研究,已经在地震危险性评估的最关键问题上达成了共识。 [这里给出的一致性看法反映了美国地质调查局和美国中部地震中心(一个由国家科学基金会资助的大学协会组织)2000年1月主办的一次讨论会上与会的二十几位科学家在会上及会后在国际互联网和专业会议上公开发表的一些看法。]

关键词：地震危险性评估新马德里大地震地震带

Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation performance of multi-layered periodic foundations

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.J.mAHmOODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of mechanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are numerically examined for their responses to longitudinal and transverse modes in the time and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,comprising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber materials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is modeled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the complex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the simulations of wave transmission in the time and frequency domains are performed using the COmSOL *** parametric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity models on the dispersion curves and the wave transmission for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-mode damping is more sensitive to the viscoelasticity model than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from 4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered metamaterial periodic foundation complex dispersion curve wave transmission diagram

Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： S.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of TiO_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on SEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of TiO_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： Semiconductor TiO_(2) Rare earths Congo red methylene blue Solar spectrum Photodegradation

Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： m.ABBASI GAVARI m.R.HOmAEINEZHAD Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(Amm)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(Amm) nonlinear motion analysis

Free vibration and buckling analysis of polymeric composite beams reinforced by functionally graded bamboo fbers

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 543-562页

作者： H.m.FEIZABAD m.H.YAS Department of mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

Natural fibers have been extensively researched as reinforcement materials in polymers on account of their environmental and economic advantages in comparison with synthetic fibers in the recent *** fibers are renowned for their good mechanical properties,abundance,and short cycle *** beams are one of the fundamental structural components and are susceptible to mechanical loads in engineering applications,this paper performs a study on the free vibration and buckling responses of bamboo fiber reinforced composite(BFRC)beams on the elastic *** different functionally graded(FG)layouts and a uniform one are the considered distributions for unidirectional long bamboo fibers across the *** elastic properties of the composite are determined with the law of *** Hamilton’s principle,the governing equations of motion are *** generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)is then applied to the equations to obtain the *** achieved outcomes exhibit that the natural frequency and buckling load values vary as the fiber volume fractions and distributions,elastic foundation stiffness values,and boundary conditions(BCs)and slenderness ratio of the beam ***,a comparative study is conducted between the derived analysis outcomes for BFRC and homogenous polymer beams to examine the effectiveness of bamboo fibers as reinforcement materials,demonstrating the significant enhancements in both vibration and buckling responses,with the exception of natural frequencies for cantilever beams on the Pasternak foundation with the FG-◇fiber ***,the obtained analysis results of BFRC beams are also compared with those for carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CNTRC)beams found in the literature,indicating that the buckling loads and natural frequencies of BFRC beams are lower than those of CNTRC beams.

关键词： bamboo fiber free vibration buckling analysis functionally graded(FG)beam elastic foundation generalized differential quadrature method(GDQm)