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Surrogate measures to Assess mobility of People as a Resilience Indicator in Disaster management: An Exploratory Study in Southeastern Sri Lanka

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第1期11卷 13-31页

作者： A.m.Aslam Saja melissa Teo Ashantha Goonetilleke Abdul m.Ziyath K.W.G.Rekha Nianthi Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology(QUT)BrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Faculty of Arts University of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Faculty of Engineering South Eastern University of Sri LankaOluvil 32360Sri Lanka

Understanding social resilience can assist in the formulation of disaster management policies to help communities better prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. However, direct social resilience measurement methods such as household surveys are not always a practical option as they are a time-and resource-exhaustive process. Existing measures mainly utilize publicly available census data, which often provide a poor and outdated assessment of current social resilience status. Another limitation includes a failure to capture multiple facets of indicators that are process-oriented and dynamic in nature such as mobility of people. These challenges can be addressed by employing a surrogate approach. Surrogates are alternative measures to depict the target indicator. The surrogate approach can capture key facets of a target indicator, which can be used as potential measures for the target indicator. A framework to conceptualize the surrogate approach is presented, and operationalized using a case study approach on the southeastern coast of Sri Lanka to identify surrogates to measure mobility of people as a resilience indicator. Six higher-order themes were identi-fied as potential surrogates to measure mobility of people in a disaster context. The approach proposed to methodically identify potential surrogates and their measurement protocols can help to improve the current knowledge base and understanding of complex interrelationships of social resilience.

关键词： Community resilience Resilience characteristics Resilience indicators Resilience measurements Social resilience Sri Lanka

mechanical properties of Al-15mg_(2)Si composites prepared under different solidification cooling rates

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International Journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2022年第6期29卷 1249-1260页

作者： E.Safary R.Taghiabadi m.H.Ghoncheh Department of materials Science and metallurgy Imam Khomeini International UniversityQazvinIran Department of mechanical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada

The effect of different cooling rates(2.7,5.5,17.1,and 57.5℃/s)on the solidification parameters,microstructure,and mechanical properties of Al-15mg_(2)Si composites was *** results showed that a high cooling rate refined the mg_(2)Si particles and changed their morphology to more compacted forms with less microcracking *** average radius and fraction of primary mg_(2)Si particles decreased from 20μm and 13.5%to about 10μm and 7.3%,respectively,as the cooling rate increased from 2.7 to 57.5℃/*** the cooling rate also improved the distribution of microconstituents and decreased the grain size and volume fraction of *** mechanical properties results revealed that augmenting the cooling rate from 2.7 to about 57.5℃/s increased the hardness and quality index by 25%and245%,*** high cooling rate also changed the fracture mechanism from a brittle-dominated mode to a high-energy ductile mode comprising extensive dimpled zones.

关键词： Al-15mg_(2)Si composite solidification cooling rate thermal analysis mechanical properties

Von Kármán rotating flow of maxwell nanofluids featuring the Cattaneo-Christov theory with a Buongiorno model

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第8期41卷 1195-1208页

作者： A.AHmED m.KHAN J.AHmED A.HAFEEZ Department of mathematics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila 47050Pakistan

This research paper analyzes the transport of thermal and solutal energy in the maxwell nanofluid flow induced above the disk which is rotating with a constant angular *** significant features of thermal and solutal relaxation times of fluids are studied with a Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion theory rather than the classical Fourier’s and Fick’s laws.A novel idea of a Buongiorno nanofluid model together with the Cattaneo-Christov theory is introduced for the first time for the maxwell fluid flow over a rotating ***,the thermal and solutal distributions are controlled with the impacts of heat source and chemical *** classical von Karman similarities are used to acquire the non-linear system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The analytical series solution to the governing ODEs is obtained with the well-known homotopy analysis method(HAm).The validation of results is provided with the published results by the comparison *** graphically presented outcomes for the physical problem reveal that the higher values of the stretching strength parameter enhance the radial velocity and decline the circumferential *** increasing trend is noted for the axial velocity profile in the downward direction with the higher values of the stretching strength *** higher values of the relaxation time parameters in the Cattaneo-Christov theory decrease the thermal and solutal energy transport in the flow of maxwell *** higher rate of the heat transport is observed in the case of a larger thermophoretic force.

关键词： maxwell fluid nanoparticle Cattaneo-Christov theory rotating disk homotopy analysis method(HAm)

Impact of Accelerated Ultraviolet Weathering on Polymeric Composite Insulators Under High Voltage DC Stress

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第3期8卷 922-932页

作者： Israr Ullah muhammad Amin Haider Hussain m.Tariq Nazir Faculty of Electrical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopiSwabiKPK23460Pakistan School of mechanical and manufacturing Engineering University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia

This study investigates the weatherability of room temperature vulcanized(RTV)silicone rubber(SiR)and epoxybased material specimens with a composition of different nano and micro fillers against the collegial effects of high voltage DC,UV and temperature *** power transmission over long distances via HVDC is considered an economic option these days,so to ensure the system reliability,it is also critical to investigate these insulators under DC stress along with other environmental stresses(especially UV and temperature).For experimentation,composite samples *** epoxy(NE),epoxy with 15%micro SiO_(2)(EmS),epoxy with 5%nano SiO_(2)(ENS),neat SiR(NS),SiR with 15%micro SiO_(2)(SmS)and SiR with 5%nano SiO_(2)(SNS)are fabricated and subjected to accelerated aging in a weather chamber for 3,360 *** reveal that SmS and SNS offer better hydrophobic behavior followed by *** noticeable surface discoloration in the form of whitish shade with minor blackish spots is found in the case of SmS,while remaining samples also showed considerable color *** electron microscopy(SEm)and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)results showed that SNS and SmS presented quite excellent resistance to the exposure of *** and weight of all specimens are evaluated throughout the experiment and particularly for the water immersion ***,leakage current analysis indicated that SNS and SmS revealed high leakage current suppression compare to other *** indicate that SNS and SmS showed enhanced resistance against UV weathering under high voltage direct current stress.

关键词： Aging composites DC stress epoxy insulator UV SiR

Cell-like-carbon-micro-spheres for robust potassium anode

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National Science Review 2021年第9期8卷 68-76页

作者： Hongbo Ding Jiang Zhou Apparao m.Rao Bingan Lu School of Physics and Electronics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan University School of materials Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Nonferrous metal materials Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Central South University Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson Nanomaterials Institute Clemson University Fujian Strait Research Institute of Industrial Graphene Technologies

Large-scale low-cost synthesis methods for potassium ion battery(PIB) anodes with long cycle life and high capacity have remained challenging. Here, inspired by the structure of a biological cell, biomimetic carbon cells(BCCs) were synthesized and used as PIB anodes. The protruding carbon nanotubes across the BCC wall mimicked the ion-transporting channels present in the cell membrane, and enhanced the rate performance of PIBs. In addition, the robust carbon shell of the BCC could protect its overall structure, and the open space inside the BCC could accommodate the volume changes caused by K+insertion, which greatly improved the stability of PIBs. For the first time, a stable solid electrolyte interphase layer is formed on the surface of amorphous carbon. Collectively, the unique structural characteristics of the BCCs resulted in PIBs that showed a high reversible capacity(302 m Ah g-1at 100 m A g-1and 248 mAh g-1at500 m A g-1), excellent cycle stability(reversible capacity of 226 m Ah g-1after 2100 cycles and a continuous running time of more than 15 months at a current density of 100 m A g-1), and an excellent rate performance(160 mAh g-1at 1 A g-1). This study represents a new strategy for boosting battery performance, and could pave the way for the next generation of battery-powered applications.

关键词： bionic structures potassium ion battery reversible capacity term stability rate performance

Assessment of pH-responsive nanoparticles performance on laboratory column flotation cell applying a real ore feed

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2020年第2期30卷 197-205页

作者： Samiramis Nasirimoghaddam Ali mohebbi mohsen Karimi m.Reza Yarahmadi Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringShahid Bahonar University of KermanKermanIran Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex KermanIran

Nanoparticles(NPs)can promote the column flotation process in mining ***'effects on column flotation process(copper recovery,grade and flotation rate constant)are assessed in Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex,Iran,through response surface methodology(RSm)optimization *** c-Al2O3,a-Fe2O3,SiO2,and TiO2 nanoparticles are selected for these experiments.A flotation rate constant is chosen as a response to assess the effect of nanoparticles on flotation in its kinetic *** process p H and nanoparticle dosage are selected as the influential *** obtained from RSm indicated that the maximum percentage of Cu recovery and grade is obtained at p H of 12 and nanoparticle dosage of 6 kg/t,through a-Fe2O3 and c-Al2O3 nanoparticles,*** nanoparticles in particular c-Al2O3 and a-Fe2O3 increases the Cu recovery by 8–10%together with the grade by 3–6%in a significant *** is revealed that nanoparticles could effectively be applied in enhancing the flotation performance.

关键词： Column flotation Nanoparticles Cu recovery Response surface methodology

Tailoring the optical and magnetic properties of La-Bam hexaferrites by Ni substitution

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第2期31卷 570-575页

作者： Hafiz T.Ali mRamzan m Imran Arshad Nicola A.morley m.Hassan Abbas mohammad Yusuf Atta Ur Rehman Khalid mahmood Adnan Ali Nasir Amin mAjaz-un-Nabi Department of mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Government College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan Department of materials Science and Engineering University of SheffieldSir Robert Hadfield BuildingMapping St.SheffieldS13JDUK Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of PharmacyTaif UniversityTaif 21944Saudi Arabia

We investigate the impact of Ni insertion on the structural,optical,and magnetic properties of Ba_(0.8)La_(0.2)Fe_(12-x)Ni_(x)O_(19)hexaferrites(Ni substituted La-Bam hexaferrites).Samples were prepared using the conventional co-precipitation method and sintered at 1000℃for 4 hours to assist the crystallization *** analysis of the structure of the samples was carried out using an x-ray diffraction(XRD)*** m-type hexagonal structure of all the samples was confirmed using XRD *** lattice parameters a and c were found to be in the ranges of 5.8925±0.001 nm–5.8952±0.001 nm and 23.2123±0.001 nm–23.2219±0.001 nm,*** m-type hexagonal nature of the prepared samples was also indicated by the presence of corresponding FT-IR bands and Raman modes in the FT-IR and Raman spectra,*** results confirmed the successful synthesis of the samples according to the required stoichiometric ratio.A UV-vis spectrometer was used to record the absorption spectra of the prepared samples in the wavelength range of 200 nm–1100 *** optical energy bandgap of the samples was found to be in the range of 1.21 eV–3.39 *** m–H loops of the samples were measured at room temperature at an applied magnetic field range of 0 kOe–60 kOe.A high saturation magnetization of 99.92 emu/g was recorded in the sample with x=0 at a microwave operating frequency of 22.2 *** high value of saturation magnetization is due to the substitution of La3+ions at the spin-up(12k,2a,and 2b)*** Ni substitution is proven to be a potential candidate for the tuning of the optical and magnetic parameters of m-type ***,we suggest that the prepared samples are suitable for use in magneto-optic applications.

关键词： m-type hexaferrite nanostructured materials magnetic properties optical properties

Conjugated microporous polymer membranes for chemical separations

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第5期35卷 1-14页

作者： Zongyao Zhou Zhen Li Lubna m.Rehman Zhiping Lai Division of Physical Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Conjugated microporous polymers(CmPs) are a unique class of porous organic materials, which are constructed with π-conjugation structures leading to intrinsic micropores. The CmPs properties such as high surface area, intrinsic and rich micropores, interlocking and rigid structure, extensive π-conjugation and tunable band-gap, chemical and thermal stability, together with tailored functionalities, contribute to its abundant potential for application in fields such as photocatalysis, optoelectronics, energy storage, and chemical sensors. Recently, CmPs have gained importance in the field of membranes for chemical separation. In this review, we briefly discuss the historical development of CmPs, followed by a detailed description of the progress in state-of-the-art design, preparation, and application of CmPs in membranes. Additionally, we provide inference on the future prospects of CmPs as membranes.

关键词： Conjugated microporous polymer membrane Separation Electropolymerization Film

Effect of furnace atmosphere on sintering process of chromium-containing steel via powder metallurgy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第7期28卷 889-900页

作者： Zhao-qiang Tan Ulf EngstrÖm Kun Li Yong Liu State Key Laboratory of Powder metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina HÖganäs China Co. Ltd.Shanghai 201799China

During a powder metallurgy process such as sintering,the primary role played by the atmosphere in furnace is to prevent an excessive oxidation of powder compacts in case of the formation of oxides as residuals on powder *** particular,the adjustment of furnace atmosphere is the key to eliminate the phenomenon"decarburization"likely to occur in carbon-containing compacts.A continuous belt furnace was used to stabilize the potentials of carbon and oxygen in zones divided by sintering,delubrication,and *** and manganese,which are sensitive to oxygen,were added to improve mechanical properties in a cost-effective *** of steel containing chromium were sintered in an atmosphere composed of CO,O_(2),and H_(2).The effects of atmosphere,lubricant,and graphite on oxidation(or reduction)and decarburization(or carburization)were *** quality was achieved under the control of delubrication *** is indicated that in a protective atmosphere,the chemical reactions occurring at various stages took remarkable effect on the quality of sintered *** potentials of oxygen and carbon in a continuous belt furnace were monitored and analyzed using an on-line thermal measuring unit consisting of thermocouple,oxygen probe,and carbon monoxide *** avoidance of oxidation and decarburization promises desired micro structure and carbon content and satisfactory properties through the adjustment of technical parameters,e.g.,the composition of gases in delubrication and various sintering zones,the rate of gas inlet,and cooling rate.

关键词： Powder metallurgy steel Sintering atmosphere Carbon potential Oxygen partial pressure Chromium alloy