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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 19-30页

作者： Oumou Amadou Diallo m’bemba traore mamadou Cire Barry mamadou mouctar Ramata Diallo Hasmiou Dia Alpha Oumar Diallo ENT Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Paediatrics Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea ENT Department Mamou Regional Hospital Mamou Guinea

Introduction: Acute otitis media is an acute inflammation of the mucosa of the middle ear cavities. It is often secondary to nasopharyngitis, which favors the passage of infection through the Eustachian tube to the middle ear. The aim of our study was to improve the management of AOm in the Paediatric Department of the Hospital National Ignace Deen (Conakry). Patients and methods: This was a prospective descriptive study lasting 6 months from 01 July to 31 December 2011;the study covered 525 cases out of a total of 6276 children, i.e. a frequency of 8.36%. Results: The most affected age group was 6 to 11 months. males predominated (69.71%). 82.29% had a history of recurrent rhinopharyngitis. The most frequent reason for consultation was incessant crying (66.29%). Rhinopharyngitis and malaria were the most commonly associated pathologies (87.62% and 39.62% respectively). 72.19% of our patients were admitted with congestive AOm and received medical treatment. We recorded one case of otomastoiditis which was treated surgically. Conclusion: AOm is more common in children aged between 6 and 24 months. Good collaboration between paediatricians and ENT specialists is essential to reduce the morbidity of AOm.

关键词： Acute Otitis media (AOm) Treatment Nasopharyngitis Eustachian Tube

multivariate Statistical Analysis of Dominating Groundwater mineralization and Hydrochemical Evolution in Gao,Northern mali

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第5期35卷 1692-1703页

作者： Adiaratou traore Xumei mao Alhousseyni traore Yahaya Yakubu Aboubacar modibo Sidibe School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Construction Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Population growth and expanding urbanization have caused persistent shortages and contamination of groundwater resources in mali,*** increase in groundwater salinity makes it more difficult for residents to obtain drinking water,it is necessary to clarify the causes and control factors of groundwater mineralization in Gao region,northern *** on the analysis of the hydrochemical composition of groundwater in 24 boreholes,Piper and Sch?eller diagrams,principal component analysis(PCA)and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)are used to carry out multivariate statistical analysis on the main *** results show that the groundwater samples are weakly alkaline,with pH values ranging from 5.83 to 8.40,and the average values of boreholes are 7.50,*** average electrical conductivity(EC)value is 354.4(μS/cm),and the extreme value is between 124.0 and 1247(μS/cm).Water is usually mineralized and presents nine types of water *** three principal components explain 84.42%of the total variance for 13 *** factor F1(58.85%),the factor F2(16.88%)and the factor F3(8.69%)present for the majority of the total data *** addition,multivariate statistical analysis confirmed the genetic relationship among aquifers and identified three main *** related to groundwater mineralization(F1),clustering related to oxide reduction and iron enrichment(F2),and clustering of groundwater pollution caused by nitrate and magnesium(F3).We found that agriculture,weathering activities and dissolution of geological materials promote the mineralization of *** quality in the Gao region is becoming less and less potable because of increasing salinity.

关键词： hydrochemical composition multivariate statistical analysis mineralization hydro-chemical evolution Gao northern mali hydrogeology

A Generic and Reliable Land Acquisition Protocol Implementation for Sub-Saharan Africa Countries

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第1期12卷 208-245页

作者： Bayomock Linwa André Claude traore Hamidou Department of Computer Science International University of Grand-Bassam Grand-Bassam Ivory Coast

Land acquisition is subject of many frauds worldwide. In Africa countries, land acquisition frauds are a real curse. main reasons of the high land acquisition frauds in Africa are a lack of a reliable land acquisition protocol implementation, no centralized information system that records land transactions and integrates all actors, lack of education about the acquisition protocol and lack of applied sanctions in case of frauds. As of sanctions, the issue is bound to the corruption plague in Africa. Authorities that are supposed to rule the laws are not well paid and are part of the corruption scheme. most frequent frauds are multiple sales of the same land, falsified land title, false owner identification. In Africa, a land belongs generally to the first residents of the area. To claim ownership of a land, an owner should be recognized by the rural or city authorities. To achieve this recognition, he must obtain from those authorities an attribution letter. The author proposed a complete and reliable land acquisition protocol named ACLAP (Africa Countries Land Acquisition Protocol). The purpose of this paper is to explain the main components of the protocol implementation and show its efficiency when confronting fraud threats. In this paper, a Generic and Reliable Land Acquisition Protocol Implementation in Sub-Saharan Africa countries context is proposed. The platform keeps relevant land transaction information for administrators, managers, buyers, sellers, or for people consultation purpose. The application may be used in village, city, department, region, or country for land management decision making.

关键词： Land Acquisition Protocol Reliable Africa

The Dual of the Two-Variable Exponent Amalgam Spaces (L^q(),l^p())(Ω)

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2024年第2期12卷 383-431页

作者： Sambourou massinanke Sékou Coulibaly mamadou traore Departement d’Etudes et de Recherches de mathématiques et d’Informatique Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technolo-gies de Bamako Bamako Mali

Wiener amalgam spaces are a class of function spaces where the function’s local and global behavior can be easily distinguished. These spaces are ex-tensively used in Harmonic analysis that originated in the work of Wiener. In this paper: we first introduce a two-variable exponent amalgam space (Lq(),lp())(Ω). Secondly, we investigate some basic properties of these spaces, and finally, we study their dual.

关键词： Amalgam Spaces Variable Exponent Lebesgue Spaces Dual of a Vector Space

Cholinesterase Activity as an Indicator of Health Risks among Kou Valley Farmers

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2024年第7期12卷 71-86页

作者： Thiombiano Cherileila Hien S. Aristide Koevi Nadège Bayili Bazoma Ouattara Abdoulaye traore Patrice traore T. Isidore Hien Herve Centre muraz Institut National de Sant Publique (INSP) Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut Suprieur des Science de la Sant (INSSA) University of Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut de Recherche en Science de la Sant (IRSS) Centre National de Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Pesticides are currently an essential component of agricultural production techniques for controlling pests and weeds. In Burkina Faso, non-compliance with good practice in the use of pesticides poses a real health problem for the population. This study examines the health risks associated with pesticide management in rice-growing areas. material and methods: A field survey was conducted in Bama, involving farmers, focusing on their socio-demographic characteristics, pesticide usage, and health effects. Cholinesterase levels were measured in subsample of farmers using a portable device. Data were analysed using microsoft Excel, calculating means and percentages for various practices. Health consultations, protection methods, and pesticide management were studied. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was compared before and after treatment. Data were categorised into classes based on inhibition levels, and correlation analyses determined relationships between variables such as age, years of experience, and cholinesterase activity. Results: The results indicate that rice cultivation is mainly carried out by a fairly young population, with nearly 63% being under the age of 50. Common poor practices in pesticide use include improper storage and reuse of leftover pesticides. Seven types of pesticides were identified, including organophosphates such as glyphosate, which was used in 26.7% of cases. This organophosphate has resulted in class B poisoning, causing a 30% - 50% reduction in erythrocyte cholinesterase activity. The health effects of pesticide use are felt by agricultural farmers through various symptoms of poisoning. Conclusion: To reduce the occurrence of pesticide poisoning, it is essential to launch information and awareness campaigns among the population and farmers to promote safe practices in pesticide use in Bama, Burkina Faso.

关键词： Pesticides Environmental Sanitary Risk Acetylcholinesterase Farmers Bama Burkina Faso

Effect of Planting Date on Yield and Yield Components of Grain Sorghum Hybrids

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 387-402页

作者： Bandiougou Diawara Sory Diallo Brahima traore Scott Staggenbord Vara Prasad Institut D’ Economie Rurale (IER) Bamako Mali manhattan KS USA

In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late may planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late may and late June without irrigation in Kansas at manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late may planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late may planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle−1 and plant density. Late-may planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.

关键词： Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench] Grain Yield Yield Components

multi-Elemental Analysis and 2D Image mapping within Roots, Leaves and Seeds from O. glaberrima Rice Plants Using micro-PIXE Technique

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第2期14卷 97-106页

作者： Alassane traore Anna Ndiaye Christopher Bongani mtshali manneh Baboucarr Jean Paul Latyr Faye Daouda mbodj Kandiaba traore Tapha Gueye Ababacar Sadikhe Ndao Département de Physique Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Département de Chimie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Tandetron Laboratory IBA Group iThemba LABS Cape Town South Africa Africa Rice Center St. Louis Senegal

Understanding metal accumulation at organ level in roots, leaves and seeds in O. glaberrima (OG) is crucial for improving physiological and metabolic aspects in growing Asian and African rice in salted areas. The micro-analytical imaging techniques are required to reveal its accumulation and distribution within plant tissues. PIXE studies have been performed to determine different elements in rice plants. The existing microbeam analytical technique at the iThemba LABS will be applied for the 2D image mapping of fresh rice tissues to perform a concentration of low atomic mass elements (such as Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ca, Ti, mn, Fe, Cu, Br, Zn and K) with detection limits of typically 1-10 μg/g. Comparison of the distribution of the elements between leaves, root and seed samples using uptake and distribution of elements in particular environmental conditions with potential amount of salt in water have been performed. We are also expecting to indicate metal exclusion as salt tolerance strategies from leaves, root, and seed compartments using matrix correlation between samples and between elements on rice species.

关键词： PIXE 2D mapping Rice Concentration Elemental Analysis

Investigation of the Fermentation mode of Rice Husk for the Stabilization of Earth Plaster

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Journal of minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 17-36页

作者： Nafissatou Savadogo Yasmine Binta traore Nathael Lankoande Philbert Nshimiyimana Adamah messan Département de Génie Civil Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénierie de Fada (ESI-F) Université de Fada N’Gourma (UFDG) Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire Eco-matériaux et Habitats Durables (LEmHaD) Institut International d’Ingénierie de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (Institut 2iE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Despite its low resistance to humidity, adobe remains the most widely used material for housing construction, particularly in developing countries. The present study aims to assess different modes of use of fermented RH and to evaluate their influence on the behavior of raw earth for application in plaster. The influences of two types of RH are evaluated: granular rice husk (RHg) and powdered RH (RHp). The clay mainly consists of clay (40%), silt (22%), and sand (38.4%), with a small proportion of gravel (0.24%). Its liquidity limit is 40% and the plasticity index is 26.5%. The mixtures were designed using earth and each of the two rice husks at the volumetric content of 10%, 15% and 20% of the total volume mixed with water 36.5%, 38.5% and 40.3% and fermented for three weeks. Each fermented mixture was added to the soil to form the paste, and 40 × 40 × 160 mm3 test speciments were made for characterization. The results generally show an improvement in the physico-mechanical properties and water resistance of the mortars containing fermented RH, with an optimal content between 10% and 15%. The powdered RH improved the performance of the mortar better than granular RH.

关键词： Earth Plaster Rice Husk Clay Fermentation Adobe

Urological Complications of Female Genital mutilation: A Case Report of 15 Patients

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第9期14卷 499-506页

作者： mamadou Tidiani Coulibaly Issa Amadou maimouna traore Falaye Sissoko Dramane Cisse Urological Surgeon at the Urology Department of CHU Gabriel Tour Bamako Mali

Objective background: This was a retrospective study of the clinical and therapeutic aspects of urological complications of female genital mutilation in the urology department of Bamako’s Gabriel Touré University Hospital. methods: Our study took place from 2002 to 2017 in the urology department of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako and concerned cases of complications of female genital mutilation. Our study included all girls or women presenting with urinary disorders related to complications of genital mutilation and received in urological consultation and surgical management. Results: The average age of our patients was 2.5 years, with extremes ranging from 3 months to 35 years. The oldest patient had presented with dystocia during both deliveries. Acute urine retention (n = 7) was the most frequent reason for consultation. Other signs included urinary incontinence, pollakiuria and burning. Physical examination revealed clitoridectomy and abrasion of the labia minora in 13 patients. Type III of the WHO classification of female genital mutilation was the most frequent and corresponded to infibulation.

关键词： Acute Retention of Urine Clitoridectomy Female Genital mutilation

The Impact of Jams on the Vending Robot

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2515-2518页

作者： Bourama Coulibaly Drissa traore Bakary Dit Dembo Sylla marie Bernard Sidibe Electrical Engineering Department Normal School of Technical and Vocational Education (ENETP) Bamako Mali National Engineering School Abderhamane Baba Tour (ENI-ABT) Bamako Mali

This study aims to identify the causes of sensor jams and its impact on the operation of vending machines. The vending machine is a machine that automatically dispenses products such as drinks, tickets, sandwiches and biscuits, by inserting change or credit card into the machine. This technological feat is due to the advent of sensors. A sensor is a part of the measurement chain, it receives the quantity to be measured and provides information directly linked to this quantity. However, these vending robots are faced with malfunctions linked to sensor jams. The identification of the jam phenomenon was possible thanks to the inspection and monitoring of the various sensors installed on the vending robot. And Cadence software was used to model, control and locate the jammed sensor(s). The various tests were carried out by setting the robot in motion to better understand the causes of the phenomenon. The jam is therefore the phenomenon which triggers the sensors permanently, which causes the automatic vending robot to stop functioning. And this jam was due to the presence of water droplets on the sensor or dirt. This presence of water droplets on the sensor is linked to an increase in temperature. Controlling the temperature and locating the jammed sensor has made it possible to considerably reduce jamming and its harmful effects on the vending machine robot.

关键词： Jam Sensor Dispenser Robot