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Effectiveness of Selected microbial Strains on the Growth of Sweet Sorghum

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第8期6卷 772-777页

作者： Arturo Díaz-Franco Oscar Arath Grageda-Cabrera mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Rio Bravo Km 61 Carretera Matamoros-Reynosa Rio Bravo Tamaulipas Mexico Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Bajio Km 6.5 Carretera Celaya-San Miguel de Allende Celaya Guanajuato Mexico Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agricolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mococha Km 25 Carretera Merida-Motul Yucatan Mexico

microbial inoculants are of great importance in agro-ecology and plants. However, the symbiotic effectiveness of strains may vary between species or within the same species. Aim of the study was to select experimental microbial strains of national origin, to know its impact on growth of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) in greenhouse and sterile soil. Five strains of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AmF) and eight rhizobacteria (two of them mutagenized) were compared with non-inoculated plants as control. Variables measured were index of chlorophyll SPAD, plant height, stem diameter (from the middle section), fresh biomass from stem, leaf, panicle, radical, and stem sugars content (°Brix) of every two internodes. The results showed that in the majority of cases, microbial strains exceeded the values of variables compared with control plants. The highest values of chlorophyll (41.8 SPAD), stem diameter (13.5 mm) and total fresh biomass (144.3 g), were recorded with rhizobacterias BS410 (Herbaspirillum sp.), B2709 (Pseudomonas sp.) and B4m4 (Azospirillum sp.), respectively.

关键词： Beneficial microorganisms Sorghum bicolor Greenhouse Conditions

Potential Areas for Growing Cyamopsis tetragonoloba(L.) under Rainfed Conditions in mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第10期10卷 1370-1380页

作者： Genovevo Ramírez Jaramillo mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras Jorge H. Ramírez Silva Centro de Investigación Regional Sureste del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Mérida Mexico Campo Experimental mocochá del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Mocochá Mexico

Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub., commonly known as guar gum, is a legume of great industrial importance due to the multiple uses which can be given by galactomannans contained in the seed’s endosperm. Keeping in mind the acquiring relevance of this crop, it was considered of great importance to characterize the physical environment and the natural factors in order to locate the most suitable cultivation areas under rainfed conditions. The software Arc/View version 3.3 was used to process and analyze the information. The optimal agroclimatic requirements of guar gum were identified and each variable factor was matched with those found at ground level. A cartographic mapping was carried out to regionalize and locate the optimal and suboptimal zones. It was determined that in mexico there is a great potential for its cultivation since it was found the existence of 900 thousand hectares with high or optimal potential and more than 200 thousand hectares of medium and sub-optimal potential where crop can be well established under rainfed conditions.

关键词： Regionalization Legume Agroindustrial Cultivation

Potential Areas for Growing Gmelina arboreaRoxb., under Rainfed Conditions in Tabasco, mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第9期10卷 1206-1216页

作者： Genovevo Ramírez Jaramillo mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras Jorge H. Ramírez Silva Centro de Investigación Regional Sureste del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Mérida México Campo Experimental mocochá del Centro de Investigación Regional Sureste del INIFAP Mocochá México

Gmelina arborea Roxb. (melina), also known as white teak, is a tropical tree of great importance with multiple benefits. It is a timber species with renewal capacity and accelerated growth, highly durable and high quantity and quality pulp production, widely used in commercial programs of reforestation. In view of a possible increase of melina areas in the state of Tabasco mexico, information was needed in relation with the physical environment and natural factors in order to locate the most suitable areas under rainfed conditions. In this way, decision makers will be provided with a basic tool to direct and promote commercial plantations in the best suitable areas. The software Arc/View version 3.3 was used to process and analyze the information. The optimum agroclimatic requirements of melina were identified and each variable factor was matched with those found at ground level. A cartographic mapping was carried out to regionalize and locate the optimal and suboptimal zones. It was determined that there are 191,532 ha of high potential and 542,573 ha of medium potential production areas of melina in Tabasco, mexico under rainfed conditions.

关键词： Regionalization Timber Species Rapid Growth

Root colonization by mycorrhizal INIFAPmRin barley seed treated with fungicide

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 738-743页

作者： Oscar A. Grageda-Cabrera Sarahyt S. González-Figueroa mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras Arturo Díaz-Franco Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Bajío Celaya México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo experimental Mocochá Yucatán México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo experimental Río Bravo Rio Bravo México

The effect of barley seed treated with chlorothalonil fungicide on mycorrhizal root colonization was evaluated. The treatments were: 1) Seed with mycorrhizal INIFAP?, one, two and three doses, and uninoculated seed;2) Seed with and without fungicide. monthly seed plantings were performed with different storage time, looking forward to assessing the colonization degree of the roots. As revealed by the results, the seed treated with chlorothalonil did not lower the root colonization by mycorrhizal INIFAP?;the chlorothalonil treatment had a 32.63% average root colonization, whereas without chlorothalonil, it was 36.46%. When the seed was treated with root colonization by mycorrhizal INIFAP?, this was lower in the treatment with one dose;no significant difference was revealed by the treatments with either double or triple doses.?The colonization percentage was progressively decreased by seed storage. The root colonization by mycorrhizal INIFAP?, throughout the inoculated seed storage time, remained constant and unchanged for the first six months, but then decreased in 50% within a 10-month period for both treated and not treated fungicide seed.

关键词： Chlorothalonil Hordeum vulgare Rhizophagus intraradices

PhaseolusGenetic Resources Grown in Campeche, mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第12期6卷 1464-1471页

作者： Fermín Orona-Castro Rogelio Lépiz-Ildelfonso Juan medina-mendez mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras mirna Hernández Pérez Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Edzná Km 15.5 Carretera Campeche-Tixmucuy Campeche México Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mocochá Km 25 Carretera Mérida-Motul Yucatán México

The protein intake of the population in the Yucatan Peninsula is based upon the different forms of beans naturally developed. The different ecotypes of creole beans that are grown traditionally have been displaced by improved varieties, thereby turning into a risk of losing a valuable source of germ-plasma. The present study is aimed to identify, collect and preserve several bean species genetic resources grown in Campeche, mexico, in addition to the development of an identification card with the main phenotypic characteristics and yield components. A total of 33 different samples were collected from nine different municipalities statewide;out of those, 15 were Phaseolus vulgaris and 18 Phaseolus lunatus. The collected samples diversity is reflected in the range of growth habits from the bush to the indeterminate climbing species, being these the most representative with about 29 samples, many of those because of the way the planting is carried out, which is traditionally performed in association with the cultivation of corn. Early samples were identified in this diversity with their cycle ranging from 60 to 120 days after emergence. Samples of Phaseolus lunatus with 1.35 to 2.86 t/ha yield potential were also obtained.

关键词： Creole Beans Collect Preserv Genetic Variability

Response of rice cultivation to biofertilizers in Campeche, mexico

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 715-720页

作者： Fermín Orona-Castro mónica guadalupe lozano-contreras martín Tucuch-Cauich Oscar A. Grageda-Cabrera Juan medina-mendez Arturo Díaz-Franco Esaú Ruiz-Sánchez Jesús Soto-Rocha Campo Experimental Bajío (INIFAP) Celaya México Campo Experimental Río Bravo (INIFAP) Rio Bravo México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Edzna Campeche México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) Campo Experimental Mococha Yucatán México Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal Conkal México

The activity of various biofertilizers on rice production (Sabanero A95) was evaluated in Palizada, Campeche, mexico, in the wet season of 2009 (year one) and 2011 (year two). On year one, arbuscular mycorrhiza INIFAP? (Rhizophagus intraradices), Azospirillum brasilense plus arbuscular micorrhiza Rhizophagus sp., and chemical fertilizer (92, -92, -60 kg·ha-1) were evaluated, while on year two marine algae extracts, a consortium of growth promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas spp.) and a control (not fertilized) were evaluated. The results showed that there were no significant differences on grain yield among treatments during the year one. The average grain yield was 2,800 kg·ha-1. As for the year two, the highest grain yield was observed on plots fertilized with chemical fertilizer (3333 kg·ha-1), followed by plots treated with mycorrhiza INIFAP? (3000 kg·ha-1). The economic analysis for rice production in both years showed that the use of arbuscular mycorrhiza decreases the cost of production by 18.5% and 16.3%, which suggests that microbial inoculants might be good substitutes of chemical fertilizers in rice production.

关键词： Rice Wet Season Validation Biofertilizers

Initial floristic composition of rehabilitated gullies through bioengineering in the mixteca Region, Sierra madre del Sur, mexico

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Journal of mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2120-2135页

作者： Verónica guadalupe LIRA-CABALLERO mario Roberto mARTíNEZ-mENEZ Angélica ROmERO-mANZANARES Edmundo GARCíA-mOYA Department of Hydrosciences Colegio de Postgraduados Department of Botany Colegio de Postgraduados

Re-vegetation plays a fundamental role for erosion control and plant recovery in lands affected by gully erosion. Bioengineered practices facilitate the gullies rehabilitation. Objectives of the research were: 1) Identify taxonomically the pioneer vegetation on each gully section; 2) Characterize vegetation distribution preferences and 3) Assess structural/functional traits to recognize erosion control key species. Bioengineering was applied in a watershed belonging to Sierra madre del Sur, at Oaxaca, mexico, on eight gullies, with local support and minimal investment. "La mixteca" is a poor ecological and socio-economic region, comparable to other regions of the world. The Initial Floristic Composition(IFC) inventory is the baseline of the successional process. The transect method was used to determine the colonization of species. Cover abundance of registered species was estimated using the semi-quantitative scale of Braun-Blanquet. This procedure was repeated in five different positions(floor, hillslopes and tops), in the cross section of the gully. Throughcorrespondence analysis and clustering, the distribution of species was analyzed. Adequate responses were obtained in soil retention(quantity) and plant cover(existence and diversity); as measurable indicators of the bioengeneering works efficiency. Occupation of soil by native species from the Tropical Deciduous Forest was favored using live barriers. We detected species guilds with spatial distribution preferences in the gullies cross section. Plant cover characterization includes: native colonizer species, herbaceous, shrubby and trees of the forest community bordering the gully area, with cover abundance and structural/functional traits, useful to protect degraded areas. This spatial occupation process of plants responds to a secondary succession in gullies, where the proposed IFC model is correctly represented through bioengineering. Natural establishment of plants was successful by traits of species such

关键词： Semi-arid environment mexico Gully erosion Plant colonization multivariate analysis Braun-Blanquet method

Is Tetranychus urticae suitable prey for development and reproduction of nafve Coleomegilla maculata？

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 83-92页

作者： Eric W. Riddick Zhixin Wu m~ guadalupe Rojas National Biological Control Laboratory Agricultural Research Service USDA 59 Lee Road Stoneville MS 38776 USA

The lady beetle Coleomegilla maculata De Geer is an omnivorous predator that could help suppress aphid and spider mite populations on plants in greenhouses, plantscapes or interiorscapes. We are assessing the nutritional requirements and feeding behavior of C. maculata on target prey （spider mites） and factitious （unnatural） food. Our ultimate goal is to develop an efficacious diet to mass produce C. maculata. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Tetranychus urticae Koch （two-spotted spider mite） is not suitable prey for development and reproduction of naive C. maculata （i.e., with no prior exposure to T. urticae）. Our objectives were to （i） provide baseline data on the effects of consuming T. urticae on C. maculata life history, （ii） to compare the effects of consuming all stages of T. urticae versus eggs ofmusca domestica L. （common housefly）, and （iii） to determine if the consumption of plant products was beneficial. We used C. maculata from a colony reared only on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller （mediterranean flour moth） eggs. In experiments, C. maculata larvae were reared from the first instar to adult stage with prey/food in replicated arenas; adult females were paired with a single male with prey/food. The results showed that naive C. maculata readily attacked and consumed T. urticae. Nevertheless, T. urticae was less suitable than m. domestica eggs for C. maculata development and reproduction. Applying a synthetic pollen-Chlorella alga powder （SPCA） in arenas containing T. urticae appeared to boost C. maculata female development and reproduction.

关键词： behavior biocontrol CoccineUidae nutrition rearing

Cadmium sorption by sodium and thiourea-modified zeolite-rich tuffs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 39-48页

作者： Perfecto Barragán P m.guadalupe macedo m maria T.Olguín Instituto Tecnologico de Toluca Laboratorio de Investigacion en Ingenieria Ambiental.Av.Tecnologico S/NColonia Ex-Rancho La VirgenMetepecEstado de Meico CP.52140Mexico Instituto National de Investigaciones Nucleares Departamento de QuimicaA.P.18-1027Col.EseandonDelegacion Miguel Hidalgo C.P.11801Mexico

In the present investigation, two zeolite-rich tuffs from Guaymas and El Cajon（State of Sonora）, which were conditioned with a sodium chloride solution and subsequently modified with a thiourea solution, were chosen to evaluate the removal of Cd from aqueous systems. The zeolitic materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface area was also determined. The experiments were performed in a batch system, and the influences of p H, contact time between phases, and the concentration of Cd in the solution on the adsorption by sodium or thiourea-modified zeolite-rich tuff were investigated. It was found that the efficiency of Cd ion removal from aqueous solutions is influenced by the p H of the aqueous systems. The Cd adsorption kinetic data were well fitted to a pseudo-second-order model in all cases. The Langmuir and Langmuir–Freundlich isotherms adequately described the Cd sorption behavior by the zeolite from El Cajon pretreated with Na Cl and the zeolite from Guaymas modified with thiourea, respectively.

关键词： Cadmium Zeolite-rich-tuff Sorption Kinetics Isotherms