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Biological therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases:Access in Central and Eastern Europe

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第6期21卷 1728-1737页

作者： Fanni Rencz márta péntek martin Bortlik Edyta Zagorowicz Tibor Hlavaty Andrzej Sliwczyński mihai m Diculescu Limas Kupcinskas Krisztina B Gecse László Gulácsi peter L Lakatos Department of Health Economics Corvinus University of Budapest Semmelweis University Doctoral School of Clinical medicine IBD Clinical and Research Centre ISCARE a.s.1~(st) Faculty of Medicine Charles University Department of Gastroenterology The Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology and Medical Center for Postgraduate Education Gastroenterology Unit Department of Internal Medicine V University Hospital Bratislava public Health Department Health Sciences Faculty Medical University in ?ód? and National Health Fund Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Carol Davila University Department of Gastroenterology Medical Academy Lithuanian University of Health Sciences 1~(st) Department of medicine Semmelweis University

Biological drugs opened up new horizons in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).This study focuses on access to biological therapy in IBD patients across 9 selected Central and Eastern European(CEE)countries,namely Bulgaria,the Czech Republic,Estonia,Hungary,Latvia,Lithuania,poland,Romania and *** data on the epidemiology and disease burden of IBD in CEE countries was systematically ***,we provide an estimation on prevalence of IBD as well as biological treatment *** all countries with the exception of Romania,lower biological treatment rates were observed in ulcerative colitis(UC)compared to Crohn’s disease despite the higher prevalence of *** heterogeneity(up to 96-fold)was found in access to biologicals across the CEE ***,Bulgaria,Romania and the Baltic States are lagging behind Hungary,Slovakia and the Czech Republic in their access to *** of reimbursement policy may be one of the factors explaining the differences to a certain extent in Bulgaria,Latvia,Lithuania,and poland,but association with other possible determinants(differences in prevalence and incidence,price of biologicals,total expenditure on health,geographical access,and cost-effectiveness results)was not *** assume,nevertheless,that healthdeterioration linked to IBD might be valued differently against other systemic inflammatory conditions in distinct countries and which may contribute to the immense diversity in the utilization of biological drugs for *** conclusion,access to biologicals varies widely among CEE countries and this difference cannot be explained by epidemiological factors,drug prices or total health *** in reimbursement policy could contribute to better access to biologicals in some countries.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Ulcerative colitis Bio

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Access to biologicals in Crohn's disease in ten European countries

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第34期23卷 6294-6305页

作者： márta péntek peter L Lakatos Talitha Oorsprong László Gulácsi milena pavlova Wim Groot Fanni Rencz Valentin Brodszky petra Baji Crohn’s Disease Research Group department of health economics corvinus university of budapest mcgill university muhcmontreal general hospital 1st department of internal medicine semmelweis university department of health services research caphrimaastricht university medical centrefaculty of healthmedicine and life sciencesmaastricht university top institute evidence based education research (tier) teachers academymaastricht university 不详

AIm To analyze access(availability, affordability and acceptability) to biologicals for Crohn's disease(CD) in ten European countries and to explore the associations between these dimensions, the uptake of biologicals and economic *** A questionnaire-based survey combined with desk research was carried out in may 2016. Gastroenterologists from the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Latvia, poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden were invited to participate and provide data on the availability of biologicals/biosimilars, reimbursement criteria, clinical practice and prices, and use of biologicals. An availability score was developed to evaluate the restrictiveness of eligibility and administrative criteria applied in the countries. Affordability was defined as the annual cost of treatment as a share of gross domestic product(GDp) per capita. Correlations with the uptake of biologicals, dimensions of access and GDp per capita were *** At the time of the survey, infliximab and adalimumab were reimbursed in all ten countries, and vedolizumab was reimbursed in five countries(France, Germany, Latvia, Slovakia, Sweden). Reimbursement criteria were the least strict in Sweden and Germany, and the strictest in Hungary, poland and Slovakia. Between countries, the annual cost of different biological treatments differed 1.6-3.3-fold. Treatments were the most affordable in Sweden(13%-37% of the GDp per capita) and the least affordable in the Central and Eastern European countries, especially in Hungary(87%-124%) and Romania(141%-277%). Biosimilars made treatments more affordable by driving down the annual costs. The number of patients with CD on biologicals per 100000 population was strongly correlated with GDp per capita(0.91), although substantial differences were found in the uptake among countries with similar economic development. Correlation between the number of patients with CD on biologicals per 100000 population and the availabi

关键词： Crohn’s disease Biological therapy Access Inequality Europe

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Honeycomb-spiderweb-inspired self-similar hybrid cellular structures for impact applications

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 182-200页

作者： K.Tewari m.K.pandit m.m.mahapatra p.R.Budarapu School of mechanical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarBhubaneswar752050India

Inspired by nature's self-similar designs,novel honeycomb-spiderweb based self-similar hybrid cellular structures are proposed here for efficient energy absorption in impact *** energy absorption is enhanced by optimizing the geometry and topology for a given *** proposed hybrid cellular structure is arrived after a thorough analysis of topologically enhanced self-similar *** optimized cell designs are rigorously tested considering dynamic loads involving crush and high-velocity bullet ***,the influence of thickness,radial connectivity,and order of patterning at the unit cell level are also *** maximum crushing efficiency attained is found to be more than 95%,which is significantly higher than most existing traditional *** on,the first and second-order hierarchical self-similar unit cell designs developed during crush analysis are used to prepare the cores for sandwich *** tests are performed on the developed sandwich structures using the standard 9-mm *** influence of multistaging on impact resistance is also investigated by maintaining a constant total thickness and mass of the sandwich ***,in order to avoid layer-wise weak zones and hence,attain a uniform out-of-plane impact strength,off-setting the designs in each stage is *** sandwich structures with first and second-order self-similar hybrid cores are observed to withstand impact velocities as high as 170 m/s and 270 m/s,respectively.

关键词： Sandwich structures Honeycomb-spider web inspired Self-similar hierarchy Crush analysis High-velocity impact Strong and weak zones multistaging

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The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on stem cells:mechanisms and implications for human health

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 294-309页

作者： Juan p.munoz Laboratorio de Bioquímica Departamento de QuímicaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de TarapacáArica 1000007Chile

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs)are compounds,either natural or man-made,that interferewith the normal functioning of the endocrine *** is increasing evidence that exposure to EDCs can have profound adverse effects on reproduction,metabolic disorders,neurological alterations,and increased risk of hormone-dependent *** cells(SCs)are integral to these pathological processes,and it is therefore crucial to understand how EDCs may influence SC *** review examines the literature on different types of EDCs and their effects on various types of SCs,including embryonic,adult,and cancer *** mechanisms through which EDCs may influence the phenotype of SCs are also ***,the possible implications of these effects on human health are *** available literature demonstrates that EDCs can influence the biology of SCs in a variety of ways,including by altering hormonal pathways,DNA damage,epigenetic changes,reactive oxygen species production and alterations in the gene expression *** disruptions may lead to a variety of cell fates and diseases later in adulthood including increased risk of endocrine disorders,obesity,infertility,reproductive abnormalities,and ***,the review emphasizes the importance of raising broader awareness regarding the intricate impact of EDCs on human health.

关键词： Endocrine-disrupting chemicals Stem cells Cancer stem cells Epigenetic Hormones

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photoluminescence upgradation of La_(2)mgTiO_(6):2%Dy^(3+) perovskite with monovalent(Li^(+)),divalent(Ba^(2+),Sr^(2+)) and trivalent(Bi^(3+),Sm^(3+))cation sensitization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 47-56,I0002页

作者： V.p.Veena K.Arun C.K.Shilpa S.V.Jasira K.m.Nissamudeen School of pure and Applied physics Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatKannurKrala67 India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatkannurKerala670327India

Nano phosphors of 2%Dy^(3+)(wt%)doped La_(2)mgTiO_(6) and monovalent/divalent/trivalent co-doped La_(1.98)Dy_(0.02)mgTiO_(6):x%A^(y+)(A^(y+):Li+,Ba^(2+),Sr^(2+),Bi^(3+),and Sm^(3+);0≤x≤2 wt%)were synthesized by combustion *** the XRD data,it is deduced that an increase in the valency of co-dopant increases the crystallinity of the double perovskite orthorhombic nanocrystal *** an increase in co-dopant size,an elevation in optical bandgap is visible with the highest bandgap of 3.835 eV for Bi^(3+).The photo-absorption is monotonically broadened for Sr^(2+),Sm^(3+),and Li+around 200-450 ***351 nm,Dy^(3+)triggered lattice shows major characteristic emission peaks at 480 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)),574 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)),and 670 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(11/2)).leading to near white light emission with CIE coordinates(0.341,0.376).Upon co-doping,the pL intensity is significantly increased with maximum emission for trivalent Sm^(3+),followed by divalent Sr^(2+)and monovalent Li+*** increasing excitation wavelength,Sr^(2+)shows a dominated output and it is found that divalent Sr^(2+)is a potential codopant that could enhance luminescence intensity up to 6 times with a Sr^(2+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer efficiency of 86%.It is specified that the CIE coordinates of Li+co-doped samples show ideal white emission with color coordinates(0.333,0.336).The concluding outcomes signify the noblest rare earth Sm^(3+)co-doping and thus Sm^(3+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer mechanism is discussed in detail.

关键词： photoluminescence perovskite WLED Co-doping Rareearths

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Effect of divalent cations(Co^(2+) and Ni^(2+)) on microstructure,physical properties and application of NdFeO_(3)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 89-97,I0004页

作者： m.m.Arman materials Science Lab(1) Physics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt

The nanocrystalline samples Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;m:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))were prepared using the citrate combustion *** X-ray diffraction(XRD)pattern confirmed that the nanoparticles were synthesized in an orthorhombic *** particle size of Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3) is in the range of 29-59 *** selected area electron diffraction(SAED)indicates the samples were prepared in a polycrystalline *** samples Nd_(1-x)m_(x)FeO_(3)(x=0.0 and 0.1;m:Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))have anti ferromagnetic *** Fe^(3+)spins are aligned antiparallel,forming the antiferromagnetic(AFm)properties,which are affected by many factors such as the bond angle between the Fe^(3+)(Fe^(3+)-O_(2)--Fe^(3+))and the Dzyaloshinskii-moriya(D-m)*** doping of Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+)ions in NdFeO_(3) enhances the magnetic properties of the NdFeO_(3).The saturation magnetization(ms)of Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) increases 1.8times more than that of NdFeO_(3).The exchange bias field(HEX)of the Co-doped sample is two times greater than that of NdFeO_(3).The magnetic anisotropy constant(K)of the 10%Co-doped sample increases by 11 factors compared to that of NdFeO_(3).The Tauc plot illustrates that the samples have a direct optical *** divalent cation substitution(Co^(2+)and Ni^(2+))decreases the optical band gap of NdFeO_(3),leading to the recommendation of using the samples Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3) and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3) in photocatalysis of dye degradation from *** removal efficiencies of Cr6+at pH=6 are 88.06%,85.54%,and 85.52%for the samples NdFeO_(3),Nd_(0.90)Co_(0.10)FeO_(3),and Nd_(0.90)Ni_(0.10)FeO_(3),*** Freundlich isotherm mode is the best-fit model for NdFeO_(3) to adsorb Cr6+ions from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Optical properties Nanoparticles magnetic properties perovskites Removal efficiency Rareearths

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Nonlinear forced vibration in a subcritical regime of a porous functionally graded pipe conveying fluid with a retaining clip

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 101-122页

作者： m.GHOLAmI m.EFTEKHARI Department of mechanical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

This study examines the nonlinear behaviors of a clamped-clamped porous pipe made of a functionally graded material(FGm) that conveys fluids and is equipped with a retaining clip, focusing on primary resonance and subcritical dynamics. The nonlinear governing equations for the FGm pipe are derived by the extended Hamilton's principle, and subsequently discretized through the application of the Galerkin *** direct method of multi-scales is then used to solve the derived equations. A thorough analysis of various parameters, including the clip stiffness, the power-law index, the porosity, and the clip location, is conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the system's nonlinear dynamics. Through the analysis of the first natural frequency, the study highlights the influence of the flow velocity and the clip stiffness, while the comparisons with metallic pipes emphasize the role of FGm composition. The examination of the forced response curves reveals saddle-node bifurcations and their dependence on parameters such as the detuning parameter and the power-law index, offering valuable insights into the system's nonlinear resonant behavior. Furthermore, the frequency-response curves illustrate the hardening nonlinearities influenced by factors such as the porosity and the clip stiffness, revealing nuanced effects on the system response and resonance characteristics. This comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of nonlinear behaviors in FGm porous pipes with a retaining clip, providing key insights for practical engineering applications in system design and optimization.

关键词： functionally graded material (FGm) pipe conveying fluid O175.2 porosity primary resonance retaining clip subcritical regime

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Synergistic effects of constituents in rare earth-based composites:Enhanced structural,electrical and magnetic properties for water splitting applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 105-114,I0005页

作者： Chitralekha S.Shankar A.p.Singh Functional materials Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsARSD CollegeUniversity of Delhi1021India Department of physics Multanimal Modi CollegeCh.Charan Singh UniversityMeerutU.PIndia

Rare earth-based Bi_(0.85)La_(0.15)FeO_(3)(BLFO)and NdmnO_(3)(NmO)particles were synthesised using the solidstate route,and their roles affecting structural,electrical,magnetic properties along with hydroelectric application in different concentrations i.e.,(1-x)BLFO:xNmO(where x=0,0.10,0.20,0.30 and 1.0)ceramics composites were investigated.X-ray diffraction analyses confirm the pure-phase formation of BLFO:NmO composites,featuring micrometer-scale crystallite *** transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra of BLFO:NmO composites reveal peak shifts with rising NmO content,indicating composite *** composites exhibit robust maxwell-Wagner polarization and a pronounced composition-dependent *** addition of NmO to BLFO results in a rise in dielectric permittivity at lower frequencies,confirming relaxor behavior and indicating success in achieving the transition *** spectroscopy facilitates a clearer understanding of how charge carriers contribute to these composites and the impact of grain/grain *** saturation magnetization maximum value(i.e.,0.807 emu/g)was attained in *** coercivity decreases with the addition of NmO in *** results suggest the composite's enhanced suitability for microelectronics and hydropower cells,showing improved hydroelectric cell performance with increased NmO in BLFO,highlighting a notable ion diffusion mechanism.

关键词： Composites X-ray diffraction Relative permittivity Hydroelectric cell Rare earths

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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack p.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Discovering causal models for structural,construction and defense-related engineering phenomena

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 60-79页

作者： m.Z.Naser School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences(SCEEES) Clemson UniversityClemsonSouth Carolina 29634USA The Artificial Intelligence Research Institute for Science and Engineering(AIRISE) Clemson UniversityClemsonSouth Carolina 29634USA

Causality,the science of cause and effect,has made it possible to create a new family of *** models are often referred to as causal *** those of mathematical,numerical,empirical,or machine learning(mL)nature,causal models hope to tie the cause(s)to the effect(s)pertaining to a phenomenon(i.e.,data generating process)through causal *** paper presents one of the first works at creating causal models in the area of structural and construction *** this end,this paper starts with a brief review of the principles of causality and then adopts four causal discovery algorithms,namely,pC(peter-Clark),FCI(fast causal inference),GES(greedy equivalence search),and GRa Sp(greedy relaxation of the sparsest permutation),have been used to examine four phenomena,including predicting the load-bearing capacity of axially loaded members,fire resistance of structural members,shear strength of beams,and resistance of walls against impulsive(blast)*** from this study reveal the possibility and merit of discovering complete and partial causal ***,this study also proposes two simple metrics that can help assess the performance of causal discovery algorithms.

关键词： Causality Causal discovery Directed acyclic graphs machine learning metrics

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