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Extensive Spinal Epidural Abscess: Cord Compression with Permanent Neurological Defects

Surgical Science 2023年第8期14卷 557-564页

作者： Evan Cohen melissa Zahl Lindsay hock michael Olshansky montefiore St. Luke’s Cornwall Hospital Newburgh NY USA Touro College of medicine Middletown NY USA

Spinal epidural abscesses (SEA) are considerably rare and tend to present over two to five vertebral segments. Occasionally, there will be two or more noncontiguous areas of pyogenic collections [1]. minimal cases have been reported to span the entire vertebral column;a meta-analysis estimates that 1% of all SEA are holospinal [2]. The triad of presenting symptoms includes fever, back pain (often midline), and neurologic defects [1] [2] [3]. Early detection is identified as a critical aspect of improved outcomes. Cases that do not present in this manner or with other masking symptoms can lead to delayed diagnosis, thus delaying treatment. In the event of cord compression, the occurrence of neurologic defects increases. Time from the onset of clinical manifestations to the operating room is crucial in reversing symptoms [2]. This article seeks to review a case of a 65-year-old male that presented to the emergency department (ED) due to a falling second to weakness and thigh pain. On presentation, he was also noted to have rhabdomyolysis causing acute kidney injury (AKI) with tubular necrosis. The patient was admitted to the hospital with a complex history of progressive leg weakness, pain in the lower back, incontinence, and elevated white blood cell count. Days into the admission, a magnetic resonance imaging (mRI) study was performed, which revealed a continuous posterior SEA from C4 to S2 with anterior mass effect causing spinal cord compression. Emergency neurosurgery was scheduled for laminectomies in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine to drain the abscess. Evaluation of this complex medical course, surgical approach to drainage of an incessant spinal column abscess, and sustained neurologic defects will be discussed.

关键词： Spinal Epidural Abscess Holospinal Abscess Cauda Equina Spinal Compression

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Comparative study on passive aerated in-vessel composting of food wastes with the addition of Sabah ragi

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2022年第3期5卷 200-210页

作者： mohd Al mussa Ugak Abu Zahrim Yaser Junidah Lamaming Ernest Kelly Subin mariani Rajin Sariah Saalah Farrah Wong hock Tze Sariah Abang Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia SmK Tamparuli WDT 7089259 TamparuliSabahMalaysia

The aims of this study are to determine the effect of Sabah ragi on food waste and dry leaves composting as well as to compare the composting performance from a previous study that had no addition of Sabah *** composting process was conducted using an in-vessel passive aerated bioreactor with turning every 3 days for 40 *** on the physiochemical analysis,the stability and maturity of the compost were *** such as temperature,total organic carbon,moisture content,pH,conductivity,and C/N were *** the composting process,the highest temperature of 54.2℃ and the highest heat generation rate per initial mass of compost dry matter of 4098 kJ kg^(-1) day^(-1) was achieved on day ***,when compared to previous studies,this study achieved a faster thermophilic phase(≥45℃),a longer thermophilic period(4 days),and a higher cumulative *** kinetic analysis was performed based on the TOC profile and evaluated using coefficient correlation(R^(2)).In this study,application of the second-order model resulted in good *** pathogen levels and higher nitrogen content were detected in the final compost,while some of the nutrients were not in the recommended *** estimated ragi cost of Rm 1.22 was required for every 1 kg of compost with a selling price of Rm 6.00/kg of compost.

关键词： Composting Ragi Passive aeration Soil conditioner In-vessel

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改变心理学的40项研究

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作者： (美)罗杰·霍克(Roger R. hock)

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Panaxdiol Saponins Component Promotes Hematopoiesis and modulates T Lymphocyte Dysregulation in Aplastic Anemia model mice

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Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2019年第12期25卷 902-910页

作者： ZHENG Zhi-yin YU Xiao-ling DAI Tie-ying YIN Li-ming ZHAO Yan-na XU min ZHUANG Hai-feng Chong Beng hock GAO Rui-lan Institution of Hematology Research the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou(310006)China Department of Hematology St George HospitalSt George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesKogarah(NSW 2217)Australia

Objective: To investigate the potential efficacy of panaxadiol saponins component(PDS-C) in the treatment of aplastic anemia(AA) model mice. methods: Totally 70 mice were divided into 7 groups as follows: normal, model, low-, medium-, high-dose PDS-C(20, 40, 80 mg/kg, namely L-, m-, H-PDS-C), cyclosporine(40 mg/kg), and andriol(25 mg/kg) groups, respectively. An immune-mediated AA mouse model was established in BALB/c mice by exposing to 5.0 Gy total body irradiation at 1.0 Gy/min, and injecting with lymphocytes from DBA mice. On day 4 after establishment of AA model, all drugs were intragastrically administered daily for 15 days, respectively, while the mice in the normal and model groups were administered with saline solution. After treatment, the peripheral blood counts, bone marrow pathological examination, colony forming assay of bone marrow culture, T lymphocyte subpopulation analysis, as well as T-bet, GATA-3 and Fox P3 proteins were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot. Results: The peripheral blood of white blood cell(WBC), platelet, neutrophil counts and hemoglobin(Hb) concentration were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the normal group(all Pment, the WBC, platelet, neutrophil counts were significantly increased at a dose-dependent manner compared with the model group(all Pmyelosuppression status of AA was significantly reduced in m-, H-PDS-C groups, and hematopoietic cell quantity of bone marrow was more abundant than the model group. The colony numbers of myeloid, erythroid and megakaryocytic progenitor cells in the model group were less than those of the normal mice in bone marrow culture, while, PDS-C therapy enhanced proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells by significantly increasing colony numbers(all Pmore,PDS-C therapy increased peripheral blood CD3^+ and CD3^+CD4^+ cells and reduced CD3^+CD8^+ cells(Pmeanwhile, PDS-C treatme

关键词： Panaxadiol saponins component aplastic anemia hematopoiesis T lymphocyte

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Can we omit systematic biopsies in patients undergoing mRI fusion-targeted prostate biopsies?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第1期25卷 43-49页

作者： Jeffrey J Leow Soon hock Koh marcus WL Chow Wayren Loke Rolando Salada Seok Kwan Hong Yuyi Yeow Chau Hung Lee Cher Heng Tan Teck Wei Tan Department of Urology Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department of Diagnostic Radiology Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)-targeted prostate biopsy is the recommended investigation in men with suspicious lesion(s)on *** role of concurrent systematic in addition to targeted biopsies is currently *** our prospectively maintained database,we identified men with at least one Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)≥3 lesion who underwent targeted and/or systematic biopsies from may 2016 to may *** significant prostate cancer(csPCa)was defined as any Gleason grade group≥2 *** 545 patients who underwent mRI fusion-targeted biopsy,222(40.7%)were biopsy naïve,247(45.3%)had previous prostate biopsy(s),and 76(13.9%)had known prostate cancer undergoing active *** cancer was more commonly found in biopsy-naïve men(63.5%)and those on active surveillance(68.4%)compared to those who had previous biopsies(35.2%;both Pmatic biopsies provided an incremental 10.4%detection of csPCa among biopsy-naïve patients,versus an incremental 2.4%among those who had prior negative *** regression found age(odds ratio[OR]=1.03,P=0.03),prostate-specific antigen(PSA)density≥0.15 ng ml^(−2)(OR=3.24,Pme-to-prostate volume ratio≥0.10(OR=5.26,P=0.013)were significantly associated with csPCa detection on targeted *** conclusion,for men undergoing mRI fusion-targeted prostate biopsies,systematic biopsies should not be omitted given its incremental value to targeted biopsies *** factors such as PSA density≥0.15 ng ml^(−2),PHI≥35,higher PI-RADS score,and target lesion volume-to-prostate volume ratio≥0.10 can help identify men at higher risk of csPCa.

关键词： prostate biopsy prostate cancer prostate health index prostate-specific antigen software fusion Uronav

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蒙古中部湖泊之谷沉积岩-玄武岩共存的渐新世地层：蒙古-奥地利合作项目回顾(英文)

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古脊椎动物学报 2010年第4期48卷 348-366页

作者： Gudrun DAXNER-hock Demchig BADAmGARAV margarita ERBAJEVA 维也纳自然历史博物馆地质学-古生物学部维也纳1010 蒙古科学院古生物学中心乌兰巴托210644 俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院地质研究所乌兰乌德670047

Taatsiin Gol和Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur地区的渐新世沉积序列具有重要的地层学意义:这里出露的三达河组和Loh组沉积含有多个化石层和玄武岩夹层。在蒙古-奥地利合作项目中,从研究区域的33个剖面/化石地点的85个化石层中采集了289种化石(1... 详细信息

Taatsiin Gol和Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur地区的渐新世沉积序列具有重要的地层学意义:这里出露的三达河组和Loh组沉积含有多个化石层和玄武岩夹层。在蒙古-奥地利合作项目中,从研究区域的33个剖面/化石地点的85个化石层中采集了289种化石(11种腹足类、2种两栖类、9种爬行类和267种哺乳类)。本文提供了所有地点的完整哺乳动物清单,并结合大、小哺乳动物的新资料,对蒙古非正式的生物带A,B,C和C1进行了更新。40Ar/39Ar测年给出了至少两组玄武岩年龄:早渐新世玄武岩I组大约31.5ma,晚渐新世玄武岩II组大约28ma。它们可以用作渐新世哺乳动物地层学的年代校正点。从早渐新世至晚渐新世,哺乳动物群发生了显著的变化,包括晚渐新世种数的明显减少。这种趋势在肉齿类、食肉类和反刍类中最为突出。

关键词：蒙古渐新世三达河组 Loh组 40Ar/39Ar年龄地层学生物带

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Hepatic encephalopathy before and neurological complications after liver transplantation have no impact on the employment status 1 year after transplantation

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第10期9卷 519-532页

作者： Henning Pflugrad Anita B Tryc Annemarie Goldbecker Christian P Strassburg Hannelore Barg-hock Jürgen Klempnauer Karin Weissenborn Department of Neurology Hannover Medical School Integrated Research and Treatment Centre Transplantation Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndocrinologyHannover Medical School Department of medicine I University Hospital Bonn Clinic for Visceral and Transplant Surgery Hannover Medical School

To investigate the impact of hepatic encephalopathy before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) and neurological complications after OLT on employment after OLT. mETHODSOne hundred and fourteen patients with chronic liver disease aged 18-60 years underwent neurological examination to identify neurological complications, neuropsychological tests comprising the PSE-Syndrome-Test yielding the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score, the critical flicker frequency and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), completed a questionnaire concerning their occupation and filled in the short form 36 (SF-36) to assess health-related quality of life before OLT and 12 mo after OLT, if possible. Sixty-eight (59.6%) patients were recruited before OLT, while on the waiting list for OLT at Hannover medical School [age: 48.7 ± 10.2 years, 45 (66.2%) male], and 46 (40.4%) patients were included directly after OLT. RESULTSBefore OLT 43.0% of the patients were employed. The patients not employed before OLT were more often non-academics (employed: Academic/non-academic 16 (34.0%)/31 vs not employed 10 (17.6%)/52, P = 0.04), had more frequently a history of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) (yes/no; employed 15 (30.6%)/34 vs not employed 32 (49.2%)/33, P = 0.05) and achieved worse results in psychometric tests (RBANS sum score mean ± SD employed 472.1 ± 44.5 vs not employed 443.1 ± 56.7, P = 0.04) than those employed. Ten patients (18.2%), who were not employed before OLT, resumed work afterwards. The patients employed after OLT were younger [age median (range, min-max) employed 47 (42, 18-60) vs not employed 50 (31, 29-60), P = 0.01], achieved better results in the psychometric tests (RBANS sum score mean ± SD employed 490.7 ± 48.2 vs not employed 461.0 ± 54.5, P = 0.02) and had a higher health-related quality of life (SF 36 sum score mean ± SD employed 627.0 ± 138.1 vs not employed 433.7 ± 160.8; P mpared to patients not employed after OLT.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Employment Neurological complications Cognitive function Health-related quality of life Liver transplantation

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Block-Based Image Processing:Digital Speckle Correlation and Windowed Fourier Transform

Block-Based Image Processing:Digital Speckle Correlation and...

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International Conference on Experimental mechanics 2008 (ICEm 2008)

作者： hock Soon Seah Anand Asundi FSchool of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technolgocial UniversitySingapore School of mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

＜正＞Optical techniques are often used for accurate and non-contact ***-dimensional images are often recorded as intermediate results for further *** speckle correlation and fringe pattern analysis are typical exampl... 详细信息

关键词： block matching digital speckle correlation windowed Fourier transform

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Emergency medical services use and its association with acute ischaemic stroke evaluation and treatment in Singapore

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2020年第2期5卷 121-127页

作者： Hanzhang Xu Ying Xian Fung Peng Woon Janet Prvu Bettger Daniel T Laskowitz Yih Yng Ng marcus Eng hock Ong David Bruce matchar Deidre Anne De Silva Department of Family medicine and Community Health Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Duke University School of Nursing DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Duke Clinical Research Institute DurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Department of Neurology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute-Singapore General Hospital CampusSingapore Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States HomeTeam Government of Singapore Ministry of Home AffairsSingapore Department of Emergency medicine Singapore General HospitalSingapore Program in Health Services and Systems Research Duke-NUS Graduate Medical SchoolSingapore Department of medicine(General Internal medicine) Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUnited States

Background Emergency medical services(EmS)is a critical link in the chain of stroke *** aimed to assess EmS use for stroke in Singapore,identify characteristics associated with EmS use and the association of EmS use with stroke evaluation and *** The Singapore Stroke Registry combines nationwide EmS and public hospital data for stroke cases in *** regressions with the generalised estimating equations were performed to examine the association between EmS use and timely stroke evaluation and *** Of 3555 acute ischaemic patients with symptom onset within 24 hours admitted to all five public hospitals between 2015 and 2016,68%arrived via *** who used EmS were older,were less likely to be female,had higher stroke severity by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation or peripheral arterial *** transported by EmS were more likely to receive rapid evaluation(door-to imaging time≤25 min 34.3%vs 11.1%,OR=2.74(95%CI 1.40 to 5.38))and were more likely to receive intravenous tissue plasminogen activator(tPA,22.8%vs 4.6%,OR=4.61(95%CI 3.52 to 6.03)).Among patients treated with tPA,patients who arrived via EmS were more likely to receive timely treatment than self-transported patients(door-to needle time≤60 min 52.6%vs 29.4%,OR=2.58(95%CI 1.35 to 4.92)).Conclusions EmS use is associated with timely stroke evaluation and treatment in *** EmS-Hospital stroke pathways and targeted public campaigns to advocate for appropriate EmS use have the potential to improve acute stroke care.

关键词： needle treatment likely

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Effect of ZVAD-fmk on hepatocyte apoptosis after bile duct ligation in rat

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第15期11卷 2330-2333页

作者： Shyr-ming Sheen-Chen Hsin-Tsung Ho Wei-Jen Chen hock-Liew Eng Department of Surgery Department of Laboratory medicine Department of Pathology

AIm: Retention and accumulation of toxic hydrophobic bile salts within hepatocyte may cause hepatocyte toxicity by inducing apoptosis. Apoptosis is a pathway of cell death orchestrated by a family of proteases called caspases. Z-ValAla-Asp (Ome)-fluoromethyl ketone (ZVAD-fmk) is a cellpermeable irreversible inhibitor of caspase. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of ZVAD-fmk on hepatocyte apoptosis after bile duct ligation in the ***: male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250-300 g,were randomized to five groups of five rats each. Group 1 underwent common bile duct ligation and simultaneous treatment with ZVAD-fmk (dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DmSO)). Group 2 underwent common bile duct ligation and simultaneous treatment with Z-Phe-Ala-fluoromethyl ketone ( ZFA-fmk, dissolved in DmSO). Group 3 underwent sham operation and simultaneous treatment with the same amount of DmSO. Group 4 underwent sham operation and simultaneous treatment with the same amount of normal saline. Group 5 underwent common bile duct ligation without other manipulation. After three days, liver tissue was harvested for histopathologic analysis and measurements of ***: When compared with sham operation, common bile duct ligation significantly increased hepatocyte apoptosis (P= 0.008) and ductular proliferation (P= 0.007).ZVAD-fmk significantly diminished the increased hepatocyte apoptosis and ductular proliferation after common bile duct ligation (P = 0.008 and P = 0.007, respectively). ZFA did not show the same ***: Hepatocyte apoptosis and ductular proliferation significantly increased after common bile duct ligation. ZVAD-fmk effectively diminished the increased hepatocyte apoptosis and ductular proliferation after common bile duct ligation, whereas ZFA-fmk did not.

关键词： Apoptosis Obstructive jaundice ZVAD-fmk ZFA

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