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Flow cytometric detection of hepatitis C virus antigens in infected peripheral blood leukocytes: Binding and entry

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第33期11卷 5203-5208页

作者： mostafa k El-Awady Ashraf A Tabll El-Rashdy m Redwan Samar Youssef moataza H Omran Fouad Thakeb maha El-Demellawy Department of Biomedical Technology National Research Center Tahrir Street Dokki Cairo Egypt Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology Faculty of medicine Cairo University Egypt Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute New Borg El-Arab City Alexandria Egypt

AIm： We designed two synthetic-core-specific peptides core 1 （C1） and core 2 （C2）, and an E1-specific peptide （El）. We produced specific polyclonal antibodies against these peptides and used the antibodies for detection of HCV antigens on surface and within infected peripheral blood leukocytes. mETHODS： Peripheral blood from a healthy individual who tested negative for HCV RNA was incubated with HCV type 4 infected serum for i h and 24 h at 37 ℃. Cells were stained by direct and indirect immunofluorescence and measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS： After 1 h of incubation, antibodies against C1, C2, and El detected HCV antigens on the surface of 27%, 26% and 73% of monocytes respectively, while 10%, 5% and 9% of lymphocytes were positive with anti-C1, anti-C2 and anti-E1 respectively. Only 1-3% of granulocytes showed positive staining with anti-C1, anti-C2 and anti E1 antibodies. After 24 h of incubation, we found no surface staining with anti-C1, anti-C2 or anti-E1. Direct immunostaining using anti-C2 could not detect intracellular HCV antigens, after 1 h of incubation with the virus, while after 24 h of incubation, 28% of infected cells showed positive staining. Only plus strand RNA was detectable intracellularly as early as 1 h after incubation, and remained detectable throughout 48 h post-infection. Interestingly, minus RNA strand could not be detected after 1 h, but became strongly detectable intracellularly after 24 h post-infection. CONCLUSION： monocytes and lymphocytes are the preferred target cells for HCV infection in peripheral blood leukocytes. Our specific anti-core and anti-E1 antibodies are valuable reagents for demonstration of HCV cell cycle. Also, HCV is capable of infecting and replicating in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as confirmed by detection of minus strand HCV RNA as well as intracellular staining of core HCV antigen.

关键词： Flow cytometry Hepatitis C virus Envelope Core Antibodies Indirect immunofluorescence minus and plus RNA strand Peripheral blood mononudear cells

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Risk based security assessment of power system using generalized regression neural network with feature extraction

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第2期20卷 466-479页

作者： m. marsadek A. mohamed College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

A comprehensive risk based security assessment which includes low voltage, line overload and voltage collapse was presented using a relatively new neural network technique called as the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) with incorporation of feature extraction method using principle component analysis. In the risk based security assessment formulation, the failure rate associated to weather condition of each line was used to compute the probability of line outage for a given weather condition and the extent of security violation was represented by a severity function. For low voltage and line overload, continuous severity function was considered due to its ability to zoom in into the effect of near violating contingency. New severity function for voltage collapse using the voltage collapse prediction index was proposed. To reduce the computational burden, a new contingency screening method was proposed using the risk factor so as to select the critical line outages. The risk based security assessment method using GRNN was implemented on a large scale 87-bus power system and the results show that the risk prediction results obtained using GRNN with the incorporation of principal component analysis give better performance in terms of accuracy.

关键词： generalized regression neural network line overload low voltage principle component analysis risk index voltagecollapse

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Eosinophilic esophagitis: A newly established cause of dysphagia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第15期12卷 2328-2334页

作者： Brian m Yan Eldon A Shaffer Division of Gastroenterology Department of medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada

Eosinophilic esophagitis has rapidly become a recognized entity causing dysphagia in young adults. This review summarizes the current knowledge of eosinophilic esophagitis including the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognosis. An extensive search of Pubmed/medline （1966-December 2005） for available English literature in humans for eosinophilic esophagitis was completed. Appropriate articles listed in the bibliographies were also attained. The estimated incidence is 43/10s in children and 2.5/10s in adults. Clinically, patients have a long history of intermittent solid food dysphagia or food impaction. Some have a history of atopy. Subtle endoscopic features may be easily overlooked, including a ＂feline＂ or corrugated esophagus with fine rings, a diffusely narrowed esophagus that may have proximal strictures, the presence of linear furrows, adherent white plaques, or a friable （crepe paper） mucosa, prone to tearing with minimal contact. Although no pathologic consensus has been established, a histologic diagnosis is critical. The accepted criteria are a dense eosinophilic infiltrate （〉20/high power field） within the superficial esophageal mucosa. In contrast, the esophagitis associated with acid reflux disease can also possess eosinophils but they are fewer in number. Once the diagnosis is established, treatment options may include specific food avoidance, topical corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids, leukotriene inhibitors, or biologic treatment. The long-term prognosis of EE is uncertain; however available data suggests a benign, albeit inconvenient, course. With increasing recognition, this entity is taking its place as an established cause of solid food dysphagia.

关键词： Eosinophilic esophagitis Allergy Dysphagia

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Adult to adult living related liver transplantation: Where do we currently stand?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6729-6736页

作者： Erica m Carlisle Giuliano Testa Department of Surgery Baylor University Medical Center

Adult to adult living donor liver transplantation (AALDLT) was first preformed in the United States in 1997. The procedure was rapidly integrated into clinical practice, but in 2002, possibly due to the first widely publicized donor death, the number of living liver donors plummeted. The number of donors has since reached a steady plateau far below its initial peak. In this review we evaluate the current climate of AALDLT. Specifically, we focus on several issues key to the success of AALDLT: determining the optimal indications for AALDLT, balancing graft size and donor safety, assuring adequate outflow, minimizing biliary complications, and maintaining ethical practices. We conclude by offering suggestions for the future of AALDLT in United States transplantation centers.

关键词： Adult to adult living donor liver transplantation Outflow Graft size Liver failure Ethics Biliary complications

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Effects of f(R) model on Dynamics of Axial Shear-Free Dissipative Fluids

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2016年第4期65卷 483-491页

作者： m.Sharif Zunaira Nasir Department of mathematics University of the Punjab

We present a general analysis on non-static axial system with dissipative shear-free anisotropic fluid using polynomial inflationary f(R) *** study the effects of dissipation on the dynamics of geodesic matter *** leads the system either to rotation-free or expansion-free but not both simultaneously under geodesic *** is found that the system preserves its symmetry in both *** the rotation-free case,when there is no dissipation and Ricci scalar is constant,the axial system reduces to FRW universe *** is exactly the same result obtained in general relativity.

关键词： f(R) gravity dissipative systems self-gravitating systems

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Effect of Zinc additive on dielectric properties of Cd–Se glassy system

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2015年第3期25卷 222-228页

作者： mohsin Ganaie m.Zulfequar Department of Physics Jamia Millia Islamia

Cd5Se95–xZnx(x=0, 2, 4, 6) glassy alloy has been prepared by a melt-quenching technique. Thin films were deposited by thermal coating unit on ultraclean glass substrate under a vacuum of 10–6Torr. The absence of any sharp peaks in the X-ray diffraction confirms the amorphous nature of thin films. The frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric constant and dielectric loss in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 1 mHz and in the temperature range of 290–370 k were studied. Dielectric dispersion was observed when Zinc(Zn) was incorporated into the Cd–Se *** increase in dielectric parameter with Zn concentration may be due to increase in defect states. The DC conductivity has been reported to investigate the effect of Zn concentration on DC conduction loss. The results are interpreted in term of dipolar theory for Cd5Se95 and Cd5Se93Zn2samples, while the remaining samples have been explained on the basis of DC conduction loss. It was also observed that the DC conductivity increased with the increase of Zinc concentration, which may be due to the decrease in the band gap near Fermi level.

关键词： Amorphous semiconductor Localized states DC conductivity Dielectric constant Dielectric loss

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Food habits of striped hyena(Hyaena hyaena) in a semi-arid conservation area of India

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第6期7卷 860-866页

作者： m Shamshad ALAm Jamal A kHAN Department of Wildlife Sciences Aligarh Muslim University

Striped hyena（Hyaena hyaena） is a near-threatened large carnivore known to occur in arid and semi-arid landscapes in many parts of the world. Its population is declining globally and ecological information is required urgently to meet their conservation needs. We studied the diet pattern of the striped hyena in the semi-arid Gir National Park and Sanctuary（GNPS）, western India. Prey items eaten by the striped hyena were identified from scats. Around 44.4% scats represented single to three mammalian preys while 55.6% of them represented four preys to seven preys. A variety of food items were identified including mammals, birds, insects and vegetable matters. Scats analysis showed that 63.91% diet of striped hyena was contributed by wild prey items, 20.94% by domestic prey and 3.31% by birds, whereas vegetable and insects contributed 9.92% and 1.93%, respectively. Diet diversity of the striped hyena computed by the Shannon-Weiner Index（H） was found to be 2.64. The presence of domestic mammals in the scat remains implied that the striped hyena might frequently visit human habitation in search for food and hence, a potential conflict between human and wildlife might arise. Reducing the dependence of hyena on domestic livestock is a challenge to ensure the survival of striped hyena outside the protected area.

关键词： diet pattern Gir National Park and Sanctuary Hyaena hyaena scat analysis

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Risk calculators and updated tools to select and plan a repeat biopsy for prostate cancer detection

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 864-869,I0006页

作者： Igor Sorokin Badar m mian Department of Urology Albany Medical College Albany NY USA.

millions of men each year are faced with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer （PCa） but the prostate biopsy fails to detect the disease. For the urologists, how to select the appropriate candidate for repeat biopsy is a significant clinical dilemma. Traditional risk-stratification tools in this setting such as prostate-specific antigen （PSA） related markers and histopathology findings have met with limited correlation with cancer diagnosis or with significant disease. Thus, an individualized approach using predictive models such as an online risk calculator （RC） or updated biomarkers is more suitable in counseling men about their risk of harboring clinically significant prostate cancer, This review will focus on the available risk-stratification tools in the population of men with prior negative biopsies and persistent suspicion of PCa. The underlying methodology and platforms of the available tools are reviewed to better understand the development and validation of these models. The index patient is then assessed with different RCs to determine the range of heterogeneity among various RCs. This should allow the urologists to better incorporate these various risk-stratification tools into their clinical practice and improve patient counseling.

关键词： biomarkers prostate cancer repeat biopsy risk calculators

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Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of pigeon pea for cooking quality of dhal

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2014年第5期7卷 123-132页

作者： V.P.Sangani N.C.Patel V.m.Bhatt P.R.Davara D.k.Antala Department of Processing and Food Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering and TechnologyJunagadh Agricultural UniversityJunagadhGujaratIndia Anand Agricultural University AnandGujaratIndia

Cooking quality of dehusked splits is influenced by the dehulling method,in particular,by the pre-milling *** effects of four enzymatic hydrolysis parameters,i.e.,enzyme concentration(20-60 mg/100 g dry matter),incubation time(3-15 h),incubation temperature(40-60℃)and tempering water pH(4.0-6.0)on cooking time of pigeon pea dhal were optimized using response surface *** kinds of enzymes,i.e.,xylanase,pectinase,and cellulas were used in combination for enzymatic pre-treatment.A quadratic model satisfactorily described the dehulling efficiency with high value for the coefficient of determination R^(2)(0.9062).It predicted a minimum cooking time of 21.91 min at enzyme concentration of 37.8 mg/100 g dry matter,incubation time 8.69 min,incubation temperature 48.5℃ and pH 5.49 of tempering *** time at optimum condition was observed to be 21.50 min and the predicted values of cooking time showed 2.19% deviation from the experimental *** of the study revealed that cooking time of enzyme treated dhal could be decreased by 19.77% compared to the oil treated dhal.

关键词： pigeon pea enzymatic hydrolysis cooking quality enzymatic pre-treatment dehulling response surface methodology

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Nitrogen regulation by natural systems in“unnatural”landscapes:denitrification in ultra-urban coastal ecosystems

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第9期4卷 17-37页

作者： Bernice R.Rosenzweig Peter m.Groffman Chester B.Zarnoch Brett F.Branco Ellen k.Hartig James Fitzpatrick Helen m.Forgione Adam Parris Environmental Sciences Initiative Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA Earth and Environmental Sciences Brooklyn CollegeCity University of New YorkBrooklynNYUSA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies MillbrookNYUSA Natural Sciences Baruch College and Graduate CenterCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA New York City Department of Parks and Recreation Natural Resources GroupNew YorkNYUSA HDR Inc.New YorkNYUSA The Natural Areas Conservancy New YorkNYUSA Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay BrooklynNYUSA

Dense cities represent biogeochemical hot spots along the shoreline,concentrating fixed nitrogen that is subsequently discharged into adjacent coastal receiving ***,the ecosystem services provided by natural systems in highly urban environments can play a particularly important role in the global nitrogen *** this paper,we review the recent literature on nitrogen regulation by temperate coastal ecosystems,with a focus on how the distinct physical and biogeochemical features of the urban landscape can affect the provision of this ecosystem *** use Jamaica Bay,an ultra-urbanized coastal lagoon in the United States of America,as a demonstrative case *** on simple areal and tidal-based calculations,the natural systems of Jamaica Bay remove~24%of the reactive nitrogen discharged by wastewater treatment ***,this estimate does not represent the dynamic nature of urban nitrogen cycling represented in the recent literature and highlights key research needs and *** review reveals that ecosystem-facilitated denitrification may be significant in even the most densely urbanized coastal landscapes,but critical uncertainties currently limit incorporation of this ecosystem service in environmental management.

关键词： Nitrogen denitrification urban coastal anammox wetlands

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