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Quantification of Inositol Hexa-Kis p.osp.ate in Environmental Samp.es

Op.n Journal of Soil Science 2012年第1期2卷 55-63页

作者： lynne p. heighton Merle Zimmerman Clifford p. Rice Eton E. Codling John A. Tossell Walter F. Schmidt Dep.rtment of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park United States EMBUL ARS USDA Beltsville United States

p.osp.orous (p. is a major contributor to eutrop.ication of surface waters, yet a comp.ete understanding of the p.cycle remains elusive. Inositol hexa-kis p.osp.ate (IHp. is the p.imary form of organic (p.) in the environment and has been imp.icated as an imp.rtant sink in aquatic and terrestrial samp.es. IHp.readily forms comp.exes in the environment due to the 12 acidic sites on the molecule. Quantification of IHp.in environmental samp.es has typ.cally relied on harsh extraction methods that limit understanding of IHp.interactions with p.tential soil and aquatic comp.exation p.rtners. The ability to quantify IHp.in-situ at the p. of existing soils p.ovides direct access to the role of IHp.in the p.cycle. Since it is itself a buffer, adjusting the p. corresp.ndingly alters charged sp.cies of IHp.p.esent in soil. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations sup.ort the charged sp.cies assignments made based p.as associated with the IHp.molecule. Raman sp.ctroscop. was used to generate p. dep.ndent sp.ctra of inorganic (p.) and IHp.as well as (p.) from IHp.and (p.) in soil samp.es. Electro-sp.ay ionization mass sp.ctroscop. (ESI-MS) was used to quantify IHp.Iron comp.exes in two soil samp.es using a neutral aqueous extraction.

关键词： p.ytic Acid Inositol Hexkis p.osp.ate Electrosp.ay Mass Sp.ctroscop. (ESI-MS) Density Functional Theory (DFT) Raman Sp.ctroscop.

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Genomic Analysis Reveals a Cryp.ic p.ngolin Sp.cies

Genomic Analysis Reveals a Cryptic Pangolin Species

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第十六届全国野生动物生态与资源保护学术研讨会

作者： Tong-Tong Gu Hong Wu Feng Yang p.ilip.e Gaubert Sean p. heighton Ye-Yi-Zhou Fu Ke Liu Shu-Jin Luo Hua-Rong Zhang Jing-Yang Hu Li Yu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource in Yunnan School of Life Sciences Yunnan University Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS/UPS/IRD Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier Centro Interdiscip.inar de Investiga??o Marinha e Ambiental Universidade do Porto Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leix?es The State Key Laboratory of p.otein and p.ant Gene Research School of Life Sciences

Eight extant sp.cies of p.ngolins are currently recognized. Recent studies found that two mitochondrial hap.otyp.s identified in confiscations in Hong Kong could not be assigned to any known p.ngolin sp.cies, imp.ying the existence of a p.eviously unrecognized sp.cies. Here, we rep.rt that two additional mitochondrial hap.otyp.s identified in indep.ndent confiscations from Yunnan align to the p.tential new sp.cies hap.otyp.s, sup.orting the existence of this mysterious sp.cies/p.p.lation. To verify the new sp.cies scenario, we p.rformed a comp.ehensive analysis of scale characteristics and 138 whole genomes rep.esenting all recognized p.ngolin sp.cies and the cryp.ic new sp.cies, 98 of which were generated here. Our morp.ometric results clearly attributed this cryp.ic sp.cies to Asian p.ngolins(Manis sp.), and the genomic data p.ovide robust and comp.lling evidence that it is a p.ngolin sp.cies distinct from those recognized p.eviously, which sep.rated from p.ilip.ine p.ngolin and Malayan p.ngolin over five million years ago. Our study p.ovides a solid genomic basis for its formal recognition as the ninth p.ngolin sp.cies and the fifth Asian one, sup.orting a new taxonomic classification of p.ngolins. The effects of glacial climate changes and recent human activities driven by illegal trade are inferred to have caused its p.p.lation decline with the genomic signatures showing low genetic diversity, a high level of inbreeding, and high genetic load. Our discovery greatly exp.nds current knowledge of p.ngolin diversity and evolution, and has vital imp.ications for conservation efforts to p.event the extinction of this enigmatic and endangered sp.cies from the wild.

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