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Prospective evaluation of ^(18)F-FDG positron emission tomography in the preoperative staging of patients with hepatic colorectal metastases

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 539-554页

作者： Tim Akhurst Mithat Gönen Raymond E.Baser Lawrence H.Schwartz Scott Tuorto lynn a.brody Anne Covey Karen T.Brown Steven M.Larson Yuman Fong Department of Radiology Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre VictoriaAustralia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNYUSA

Background:Despite considerable advances in preoperative imaging,up to one-third of patients operatively explored for hepatic colorectal metastases are unexpectedly found to harbor unresectable intrahepatic or extrahepatic ***:The current study is a prospective,blinded study comparing utility of[18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography(18F-FDG-PET)to computed tomography(CT)and CT arterial portography(CTAP)as preoperative ***:The 125 planned subjects were *** seen on FDG-PET alone changed therapy for 23 of 125 patients(18%).FDG-PET confirmed other radiologic findings in 16 cases(13%),for an overall influence on therapy in 39 cases(31%).FDG-PET was the most sensitive diagnostic imaging test for extrahepatic cancer;it was 80-90%sensitive for extrahepatic cancer and 70-90%*** the 28 cases of unresectable disease due to extrahepatic disease,FDG-PET findings solely changed therapies in 16 cases(57%)and influenced therapy in seven other cases(25%).Of the 21 unresectable cases due to extent of intrahepatic disease,FDG-PET did not solely change therapy in ***,FDG-PET had the lowest sensitivity for hepatic sites compared with CT or *** particular,small(<1 cm)liver tumors were particularly poorly detected by *** area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for small tumors was 0.58 and for patients on chemotherapy it was 0.66,a modest improvement over no ***:FDG-PET is an important test for preoperative staging of patients with hepatic colorectal metastases,affecting treatment decisions in nearly one-third of *** high yield is due mainly to detection of extrahepatic *** is therefore recommended in patients with extrahepatic lesions suspected to be disseminated cancer or those with high risk for extrahepatic *** is not a good test for identification of small tumors in the liver.

关键词： Positron emission tomography(PET) computed tomography(CT) colorectal hepatic metastases surgery

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The Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)Project in Central Asia:The Case for a Regional Hydroclimate Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 777-783页

作者： Michael brody Maksim KULIKOV Sagynbek ORUNBAEV Peter J.VAN OEVELEN International Agricultural University Tashkent 111200Uzbekistan George Mason University FairfaxVirginia 22030USA University of Central Asia Bishkek 720001Kyrgyz Republic American University of Central Asia Bishkek 720060Kyrgyz Republic International GEWEX project George Mason UniversityFairfaxVirginia 22030USA

Central Asia consists of the former Soviet Republics,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyz Republic,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,and *** region’s climate is continental,mostly semi-arid to *** is a significant part of the region’s *** its nature of intensive water use,agriculture is extremely vulnerable to climate *** growth and irrigation development have significantly increased the demand for water in the *** climate change issues include melting glaciers and a shrinking snowpack,which are the foundation of the region’s water resources,and a changing precipitation *** glaciers are located in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan,leading to transboundary water resource *** already has extremely high *** indicate that Central Asia has been warming and precipitation might be *** warming is expected to increase,but its spatial and temporal distribution depends upon specific global *** of future precipitation show significant uncertainties in type,amount,and *** Hydroclimate Projects(RHPs)are an approach to studying these *** steps to develop an RHP began in 2021 with a widely distributed online survey about these climate *** was followed up with an online workshop and then,in 2023,an in-person workshop,held in Tashkent,*** for the Global Energy and Water Exchanges(GEWEX)project for the region include both observations and modeling,as well as development of better and additional precipitation observations,all of which are topics for the next workshop.A well-designed RHP should lead to reductions in critical climate uncertainties in policy-relevant timeframes that can influence decisions on necessary investments in climate adaptation.

关键词： GEWEX Central Asia climate change agriculture

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A comprehensive review and characterization of nasopharyngeal carcinoma clinical trials

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第2期9卷 174-182页

作者： Katherine Xu Emma De Ravin Neeraj Suresh Robert M.brody Karthik Rajasekaran Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head&Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:Although standard of care for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is chemoradiotherapy,there remains no consensus on management of recurrent or metastatic *** characterized recent clinical trials on NPC to assess trends in NPC treatment and establish promising areas for future *** Design:Retrospective database ***:*** ***:Retrospective review of all NPC trials from November 1999 to June *** each study,the following variables were extracted:study characteristics,intervention,outcome measures,and inclusion *** searches via PubMed and Google scholar determined trial publication ***:A total of 448 clinical trials were identified:72(16%)observational and 376(84%)interventional,of which there were 30(8%)Phase I,183(49%)Phase II,86 Phase III(23%),and 5(1%)Phase IV ***-four percent of trials included only primary NPC while 111(25%)exclusively studied recurrent *** most common interventions were cisplatin(n=64)and intensity modulated radiation therapy(n=54);there were 38 trials involving PD-1 monoclonal ***-four studies examined quality of life measures,including xerostomia and *** the completed studies,53.2%have published *** patient accrual was the most common reason for premature study ***:Novel immunotherapies have been increasingly incorporated into NPC studies in recent years,however,chemotherapy and radiation,despite their numerous side effects,are still widely used due to their clinical *** trials are warranted to determine the optimal therapeutic regimens to decrease relapse rates and side effects.

关键词： chemoradiotherapy clinical trial immunotherapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma nasopharyngeal neoplasms

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Isolation of Thermally Stable Cellulose Nanocrystals from Spent Coffee Grounds via Phosphoric Acid Hydrolysis

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2020年第2期8卷 187-203页

作者： brody A.Frost E.Johan Foster Virginia Tech Department of Materials Science and EngineeringMacromolecules Innovation Institute117 SurgeVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

As the world's population exponentially grows,so does the need for the production of food,with cereal production growing annually from an estimated 1.0 billion to 2.5 billion tons within the last few *** rapid growth in food production results in an ever increasing amount of agricultural wastes,of which already occupies nearly 50%of the total landfill *** example,is the billions of dry tons of cellulose-containing spent coffee grounds disposed in landfills *** paper seeks to provide a method for isolating cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from spent coffee grounds,in order to recycle and utilize the cellulosic waste material which would otherwise have no *** have already been shown to have vast applications in the polymer engineering field,mainly utilized for their high strength to weight ratio for reinforcement of polymer-based nanocomposites.A successful method of purifying and hydrolyzing the spent coffee grounds in order to isolate usable CNCs was *** CNCs were then characterized using current techniques to determine important chemical and physical properties.A few crucial properties determined were aspect ratio of 12±3,crystallinity of 74.2%,surface charge density of(48.4±6.2)mM/kg cellulose,and the ability to successfully reinforce a polymer based *** characteristics compare well to other literature data and common commercial sources of CNCs.

关键词： Cellulose nanocrystals phosphoric acid hydrolysis agricultural waste industrial waste spent coffee grounds polymeric nanocomposites renewable cellulosic materials

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Objective screening for olfactory and gustatory dysfunction during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective study in healthcare workers using self-administered testing

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第3期8卷 249-256页

作者： Austin C.Cao Zachary M.Nimmo Natasha Mirza Noam A.Cohen Robert M.brody Richard L.Doty Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Corporal Michael J.Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA Monell Chemical Senses Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Background: Smell and taste loss are highly prevalent symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), although few studies have employed objective measures to quantify these symptoms, especially dysgeusia. Reports of unrecognized anosmia in COVID-19 patients suggests that self-reported measures are insufficient for capturing patients with chemosensory ***: The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of recent COVID-19 infection on chemosensory function and demonstrate the use of at-home objective smell and taste testing in an at-risk population of healthcare ***: Two hundred and fifty healthcare workers were screened for possible loss of smell and taste using online surveys. Self-administered smell and taste tests were mailed to respondents meeting criteria for elevated risk of infection, and one-month follow-up surveys were ***: Among subjects with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 73% reported symptoms of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction. Self-reported smell and taste loss were both strong predictors of COVID-19 positivity. Subjects with evidence of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (<45 days) had significantly lower olfactory scores but equivalent gustatory scores compared to other subjects. There was a time-dependent increase in smell scores but not in taste scores among subjects with prior infection and chemosensory symptoms. The overall infection rate was 4.4%, with 2.5% reported by PCR ***: Healthcare workers with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection had reduced olfaction and normal gustation on self-administered objective testing compared to those without infection. Rates of infection and chemosensory symptoms in our cohort of healthcare workers reflect those of the general public.

关键词： Anosmia Brief Smell Identification Test Chemosensory dysfunction COVID-19 Dysgeusia Gustation Healthcare workers Objective testing Olfaction Screening University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test

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A case-based approach to integrative medicine for cardiovascular disease prevention

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第2期18卷 159-162页

作者： brody Slostad Tejinder Khalsa Kathleen Young Hildalicia Guerra Anjali Bhagra Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesota 55904USA Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesota 55904USA Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesota 55904USA

Cardiovascular disease is commonly encountered in the adult population and has large impacts on morbidity and mortality. The ever-expanding evidence base for the use of integrative medicine in cardiology necessitates providers caring for patients with cardiovascular disease to be familiar with these ***, providers may find it difficult to adequately discuss these therapies in an average office *** a case-based, question-and-answer approach, the authors review some clinically relevant and helpful research that addresses the incorporation of integrative medicine in cardiovascular disease prevention.

关键词： Integrative medicine Coronary artery disease Atrial fibrillation Preventive medicine Cerebrovascular disease

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Use of the O-Z flap as an alternative to free tissue transfer for reconstruction of large scalp defects

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 355-360页

作者： Austin C.Cao Ryan M.Carey Mitali Shah Kevin Chorath Robert M.brody Steven B.Cannady Jason G.Newman Rabie M.Shanti Karthik Rajasekaran Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Drexel University College of Medicine Drexel UniversityPhiladelphia19102PA Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia19104PA Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA

Objective:The reconstruction of large scalp defects poses both functional and cosmetic *** free tissue transfer remains the standard for defects larger than 30 cm^(2),prolonged anesthesia and postoperative complications remain significant *** purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of O-Z flaps for the reconstruction of large scalp defects and to describe the techniques ***:This is a retrospective analysis of ten patients who underwent reconstructive surgery using an O-Z flap approach for large scalp defects between July 2017 and June *** parameters included in this study were patient demographics,tumor characteristics,and postoperative management,collected for at least a year after ***:In this cohort,the mean age was 76.1 years and 90%were *** patients were treated for neoplastic skin lesions,with 70%located on the vertex and 30%located on the temporoparietal *** mean size of defect was 52.0 cm^(2)(range:38.6 to 63.8 cm^(2)).The maximum hospital stay was two days,and no patients were readmitted within 30 days of *** were no cases of wound infection or flap *** patients reported pain control with acetaminophen and *** patients received adjuvant radiation,and there was no delay to receiving treatment following ***:The O-Z flap is a reliable alternative for the reconstruction of non-irradiated scalp defects in the vertex and temporoparietal regions up to 63 cm^(2).This technique provides advantages for patients,including hairline preservation,shorter hospital stays,and decreased postoperative complications.

关键词： Scalp reconstruction Local flaps Free flap reconstruction Facial plastics Microvascular surgery Head and neck cancer

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Salesforce城堡顶端的孤独王者

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商业周刊（中文版） 2023年第3期 20-22页

作者： brody Ford 汪泽(译) 不详

布雷特·泰勒(Bret Taylor)本来是Salesforce Inc.的未来所系。他快速升任联席首席执行官,领导了大规模收购和产品推出,还管理了与Salesforce最重要客户的关系。在做这一切的同时,他还担任Twitter Inc.的董事会主席,与埃隆·马斯克(Elon... 详细信息

布雷特·泰勒(Bret Taylor)本来是Salesforce Inc.的未来所系。他快速升任联席首席执行官,领导了大规模收购和产品推出,还管理了与Salesforce最重要客户的关系。在做这一切的同时,他还担任Twitter Inc.的董事会主席,与埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)争。绝大部分高管层已经向42岁的泰勒汇报工作。如果创始人兼首席执行官马克·贝尼奥夫(MaIC Benioff)有朝一日退位让贤,泰勒是显然的接替人选。

关键词：首席执行官董事会主席高管层泰勒

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Evaluation of an interactive virtual surgical rotation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 302-307页

作者： Yasmeen M.Byrnes Neil N.Luu Ariel S.Frost Tiffany N.Chao Robert M.brody Steven B.Cannady Karthik Rajasekaran Rabie M.Shanti Jason G.Newman Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Jordan Medical Education Center3400 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head& Neck SurgeryHospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce StreetPhiladelphia19104PAUSA

Objective:To evaluate medical student and attending surgeon experiences with a novel interactive virtual Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery(OHNS)medical student elective during the COVID-19 *** Design:A virtual OHNS elective was created,with three components:(1)interactive virtual operating room(OR)experience using live-stream video-conferencing,(2)telehealth clinic,(3)virtual ***:OHNS Department at the University of Pennsylvania(May 2020 to June 2020).Methods:Six medical students from the University of Pennsylvania;five attending *** surveys were designed and distributed to participating medical students and attending *** included 5-point Likert scale items,with 1 indicating"not at all"and 5 indicating"very much so".Results:Response rate was 100%for both *** on average rated the educational value of the telehealth experience as 4.2±1.2,and the virtual OR experience as 4.0±*** students(n=5,83%)indicated that they had enough exposure to faculty they met on this rotation to ask for a letter of recommendation(LOR)for residency if needed,while attending surgeons had an average response of 3.0±1.0 when asked how comfortable they would feel writing a LOR for a student they met through the rotation.A majority of students(n=4,67%)felt they connected enough with faculty during the rotation to ask for *** the students(n=5,50%)indicated that the rotation allowed them to evaluate the department's culture either"extremely well"or"somewhat well".Conclusions:Overall,participating students described this innovative virtual surgical rotation as an educationally and professionally valuable *** the continued suspension of visiting student rotations due to the COVID-19 pandemic,this virtual model may have continued relevance to medical education.

关键词： Virtual surgical education Otolaryngology Undergraduate medical education Covid-19 Telemedicine Surgical video capture

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前锯肌移植治疗手的软组织缺损

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中国修复重建外科杂志 1991年第1期 13-13页

作者： Gordon a.brody ,黄富国华西医科大学附一院骨科

1982～1986年,采用吻合血管的前锯肌下部3条纤维束移植术,修复手都软组织缺损18例,男14例,女4例。年龄18～71岁。修复手掌侧12例,背侧6例。除修复软组织缺损外,重建拇对掌功能2例,重建第一指蹼6例。伤后10天内手术者6例,12天～15年手术... 详细信息

1982～1986年,采用吻合血管的前锯肌下部3条纤维束移植术,修复手都软组织缺损18例,男14例,女4例。年龄18～71岁。修复手掌侧12例,背侧6例。除修复软组织缺损外,重建拇对掌功能2例,重建第一指蹼6例。伤后10天内手术者6例,12天～15年手术者12例。

关键词：前锯肌软组织缺损背阔肌

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