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Br.adleaf Weed Contr.l with Halosulfur.n Tankmixes in White Bean

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2021年第7期12卷 1059-1072页

作者： Nader.Soltani lynette r. brown Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph r.dgetown Campus Ontario Canada

Six field tr.als wer. conducted over.a four.year.(2017-2020) per.od near.Exeter.and r.dgetown, Ontar.o to deter.ine the efficacy of halosulfur.n tankmixes applied postemer.ence to contr.l br.adleaf weeds in white bean. Halosulfur.n caused up to 4% injur. in white bean at 2 and 4 weeks after.tr.atment (WAT). Bentazon, acifluor.en, fomesafen, bentazon/acifluor.en, and bentazon + fomesafen caused 2% - 16% injur. at 2 WAT and up to 3% injur. at 4 WAT in white bean. The addition of halosulfur.n to the afor.mentioned her.icides did not accentuate white bean injur.. r.duced weed inter.er.nce with the her.icides evaluated incr.ased white been yield 50% - 90% compar.d to the weedy contr.l;ther. was no differ.nce in seed yield among her.icide tr.atments evaluated. At 4 WAT, halosulfur.n at 25, 37.5 and 50 g ai ha-1 contr.lled velvetleaf 86%, 93% and 97%;r.dr.ot pigweed 83%, 85% and 89%;common r.gweed 90%, 93% and 94%;common lambsquar.er. 27%, 28% and 36%;flower.of-an-hour.66%, 76% and 69%;and wild mustar. 100%, 100% and 100%, r.spectively. Bentazon, acifluor.en, fomesafen, bentazon/acifluor.en, and bentazon + fomesafen contr.lled velvetleaf 73%, 14%, 52%, 42% and 68%;r.dr.ot pigweed 40%, 91%, 85%, 75% and 80%;common r.gweed 36%, 81%, 92%, 68% and 84%;common lambsquar.er. 87%, 39%, 48%, 60% and 76%;flower.of-an-hour.90%, 66%, 63%, 73% and 83%;and wild mustar. 97%, 97%, 100%, 99% and 100%, r.spectively. Halosulfur.n tankmixed with bentazon, acifluor.en, fomesafen, bentazon/acifluor.en or.bentazon + fomesafen contr.lled velvetleaf 90%, 51%, 68%, 75% and 90%;r.dr.ot pigweed 80%, 99%, 95%, 92% and 91%;common r.gweed up to 94%, 97%, 93%, 94% and 95%;common lambsquar.er. 74%, 62%, 43%, 62% and 66%;flower.of-an-hour.92%, 78%, 74%, 82% and 87%;and wild mustar. 100%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 100%, r.spectively. Weed density and dr. biomass followed the same tr.nd. This study concludes that the optimal halosulfur.n tankmix is br.adleaf weed species specific for.weed management in dr. bean p

关键词： Accentuated Injur. Matur.ty Br.adleaf Weeds Yield White Bean Phaseolus vulgar.s L.

Glyphosate-r.sistant Common r.gweed Contr.l in Cor. with Postemer.ence Her.icides

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 670-675页

作者： Nader.Soltani lynette r. brown Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph r.dgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Four.field tr.als wer. conducted on a far. infested with glyphosate-r.sistant (Gr. common r.gweed dur.ng 2016 and 2017 to evaluate var.ous postemer.ence (POST) her.icides for.the contr.l of Gr.common r.gweed in Gr.cor.. Dicamba at 600 g·a.i.·ha-1, dicamba/diflufenzopyr.at 200 g·a.i.·ha-1, dicamba/atr.zine at 1500 g·a.i.·ha-1, topr.mezone + atr.zine at 12.5 + 500 g·a.i.·ha-1, br.moxynil + atr.zine at 280 + 1500 g·a.i.·ha-1, glufosinate at 500 g·a.i.·ha-1 and 2,4-D ester.at 560 g·a.i.·ha-1 pr.vided 58% to 85% contr.l at 4 WAA and 49% to 88% contr.l at 8 WAA. Other.her.icides evaluated contr.lled Gr.common r.gweed 9% to 41%. Common r.gweed density was r.duced 97%, 95%, 95% and 87% and shoot dr. weight was r.duced 93%, 95%, 94% and 90% with br.moxynil + atr.zine, dicamba, glufosinate and topr.mezone + atr.zine applied POST in Gr.cor., r.spectively. r.sults show that dicamba, br.moxynil + atr.zine, topr.mezone + atr.zine and glufosinate applied POST ar. the most efficacious her.icides among the her.icides evaluated for.the contr.l of Gr.common r.gweed in Gr.cor..

关键词： Glyphosate-r.sistance Atr.zine Br.moxynil Dicamba Glufosinate Topr.mezone Injur. Yield

Efficacy of POST glyphosate applications in combination with other.POST her.icides in glyphosate-r.sistant cor. (Zea mays L.)

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 1-8页

作者： Kr.sten E. McNaughton lynette r. brown Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

The use of glyphosate-r.sistant cor. has facilitated a shift fr.m a r.liance on pr.emer.ence r.sidual her.icides to postemer.ence (POST) her.icides, and in some cases exclusively glyphosate. Glyphosate is a non-selective her.icide that is r.latively slow-acting, which may allow weeds to continue to compete with cor. after.application and potentially decr.ase cr.p yield. The addition of sever.l POST cor. her.icides, with some r.sidual contr.l, to an ear.y-season glyphosate application was examined to deter.ine if the tankmix combination would impr.ve the speed of weed contr.l compar.d to glyphosate applied alone. Seven field tr.als wer. conducted over.thr.e year. (2009, 2010 and 2011) near.r.dgetown and Exeter. Ontar.o. The contr.l of common r.gweed was impr.ved 3 days after.application (DAA) with thr.e POST glyphosate tankmixes compar.d to glyphosate alone. However.contr.l was still less than 55%. Depending on the weed species examined, at 28 DAA two of the glyphosate tankmix tr.atments tested pr.vided better.common r.gweed, common lambsquar.er., or.gr.en foxtail contr.l than glyphosate alone. Tr.atments pr.viding better.weed contr.l at 28 DAA also typically decr.ased weed density compar.d to glyphosate alone.

关键词： Glyphosate Weed Contr.l Glyphosate-r.sistant Cor. POST Application

Toler.nce of Winter.Wheat (Tr.ticum aestivumL.) and Under.Seeded r.d Clover.(Tr.folium pr.tenseL.) to Fall Applied Post-Emer.ent Br.adleaf Her.icides

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2014年第9期5卷 1265-1271页

作者： Kr.sten E. McNaughton lynette r. brown Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

The fall application of post-emer.ent (POST) her.icides on winter.wheat pr.vided effective contr.l of emer.ed winter.annual, biennial, and per.nnial br.adleaf weeds. In r.cent year., wheat pr.ducer. have seen a shift to these weeds, due in par., to the adoption of r.duced-and no-tillage pr.ctices and the use of non-r.sidual her.icides such as glyphosate in the pr.ceding soybean and cor. cr.ps. The toler.nce of winter.wheat to ten her.icides, applied POST in the fall, was evaluated between 2008 and 2011 at Exeter.and r.dgetown, Ontar.o. Winter.wheat yield was not r.duced by applications of MCPA ester. dicamba/ MCPA/ mecopr.p, clopyr.lid, br.moxynil/ MCPA, thifensulfur.n /tr.benur.n +MCPA ester. flur.xypyr.+MCPA ester. and pyr.sulfotole/ br.moxynil. In contr.st, 2,4-D ester.and dichlor.r.p/2,4-D, caused visible injur. in June and July of the following year.and consistently decr.ased winter.wheat yield by at least 10%. Applications of 100 g a.i. ha-1 saflufenacil also decr.ased winter.wheat yield in two of the four.har.est year. examined. None of the her.icide options examined wer. safe on r.d clover.when it was under.seeded the spr.ng following winter.wheat planting. All her.icides significantly decr.ased r.d clover.dr. biomass one month after.wheat har.est.

关键词： 2 4-D Clopyr.lid Pyr.sulfotole Saflufenacil Winter Wheat

Weed Contr.l in Winter.Wheat (Tr.ticum aestivumL.) with Pr.plant Applications of Glyphosate plus Mesotr.one or.Saflufenacil

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2015年第6期6卷 594-600页

作者： Nader.Soltani lynette r. brown Chr.sty Shr.pshir. Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph r.dgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Ther. is limited infor.ation on weed contr.l with glyphosate plus mesotr.one or.saflufenacil when applied pr.or.to seeding winter.wheat in the autumn. A total of 12 field tr.als (six for.each her.icide tankmix) wer. conducted over.a thr.e-year.(2010-2012) at two locations (r.dgetown and Exeter. Ontar.o) to evaluate the effect of glyphosate plus mesotr.one or.saflufenacil at var.ous r.tes for.br.adleaf weed contr.l and r.d clover.establishment in winter.wheat. Glyphosate (900 g ae ha-1) and tankmixes of glyphosate (900 g ae ha-1) plus mesotr.one or.saflufenacil at 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 g ai ha-1 applied pr.plant (PP) in the autumn r.sulted in minimal visible injur. (0% - 2%) in the autumn and on May 1 and June 1 of the following spr.ng in winter.wheat. The PP application of glyphosate alone or.in combination with mesotr.one or.saflufenacil pr.vided only 1% - 30% contr.l of common r.gweed in the following spr.ng. The PP application of glyphosate in combination with mesotr.one or.saflufenacil pr.vided 74% - 100% contr.l of wild mustar. at 2 and 4 weeks after.emer.ence (WAE) in autumn but the contr.l was only 0% - 35% on June 1 of the following spr.ng. Glyphosate plus mesotr.one or.saflufenacil did not have any effect on seed moistur. content and yield of winter.wheat compar.d to glyphosate alone. Clover.establishment was r.duced with glyphosate plus mesotr.one at the two highest r.tes but was not affected with glyphosate plus saflufenacil compar.d to glyphosate alone. Based on these r.sults, glyphosate alone and in combination with mesotr.one or.saflufenacil applied PP in the autumn at r.tes evaluated did not pr.vide adequate r.sidual contr.l of common r.gweed, common lambsquar.er. and wild mustar. in the spr.ng of the following year.in winter.wheat.

关键词： Cer.als Injur. Height Her.icide Toler.nce Yield

r.sponse of winter.wheat (Tr.ticum aestivumL.) to autumn applied saflufenacil

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Agr.cultur.l Sciences 2012年第5期3卷 755-758页

作者： lynette r. brown Nader.Soltani Chr.sty Shr.pshir. Peter.H. Sikkema lynette r. brown Nader Soltani Christy Shropshire Peter H. Sikkema

Ther. is limited infor.ation on the effect of saflufenacil application timing when applied in autumn to winter.wheat. Five field exper.ments wer. conducted over.a thr.e-year.per.od (2007- 2009) at two locations (r.dgetown and Exeter. Ontar.o) to evaluate the toler.nce of winter.wheat to autumn applications of saflufenacil applied pr.-plant (PP), pr.-emer.ence (Pr.), or.post-emer.ence (POST) at 25, 50, 100 and 200 g a.i. ha-1. As the dose of saflufenacil incr.ased, the amount of injur. obser.ed also incr.ased. By May of the following spr.ng, injur. r.nged fr.m 11 to 20% at the 25 to 200 g a.i. ha-1 doses of saflufenacil. Saflufenacil applied PP and Pr. caused little to no injur. in winter.wheat. Saflufenacil applied POST and POST + Mer.e in the autumn caused up to 41% injur. with the POST + Mer.e application being the most injur.ous. However. this injur. was tr.nsient with no effect on winter.wheat height or.yield the following summer.

关键词： Cer.als Injur. Height Her.icide Toler.nce Yield

Linur.n Biologically Effective Dose for.Glyphosate-r.sistant Giant r.gweed (Ambr.sia tr.fidaL.) Contr.l in Soybean (Glycine maxL.)

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Amer.can Jour.al of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2700-2706页

作者： Kimber.y D. Walsh Nader.Soltani lynette r. brown Peter.H. Sikkema Univer.ity of Guelph r.dgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Glyphosate-r.sistant (Gr. giant r.gweed (Ambr.sia tr.fida L.) was fir.t identified in Canada in 2008 and has since been found thr.ughout southwester. Ontar.o. Six field tr.als wer. conducted over.a two-year.per.od (2012, 2013) on Ontar.o far.s with Gr.giant r.gweed to evaluate the efficacy of linur.n applied pr.-plant (PP) in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Mer..). The dose r.quir.d for.50%, 80%, and 95% Gr.giant r.gweed contr.l was 1238, 2959, and 6018 g·ai·ha-1 four.weeks after.application (WAA), r.spectively. The linur.n dose needed for.50%, 80%, and 95% r.duction in density was 1554, 3181, and 5643 g·ai·ha-1 and 1204, 2496, and 4452 g·ai·ha-1 for.dr. weight, r.spectively. Application of 7874 g·ai·ha-1 linur.n was needed to obtain soybean yields that wer. 90% of the weed-fr.e contr.l;appr.ximately 3.5 times the maximum field r.commended dose. To achieve 95% and 98% yields, gr.ater.than 8640 g·ai·ha-1 linur.n was r.quir.d. Application of linur.n plus glyphosate PP in soybean will help to contr.l Gr.giant r.gweed as well as r.duce Gr.selection pr.ssur..

关键词： Giant r.gweed Glyphosate-r.sistant Linur.n Soybean

r.dent biology and ecologically based r.dent management(EBr.)-25 year. of pr.gr.ss thr.ugh pr.moting multidisciplinar. r.sear.h

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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： Gr.nt r. SINGLETON Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

A r.view of public health guidelines for.postpar.um physical activity and sedentar. behavior.fr.m ar.und the wor.d

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Jour.al of Spor. and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly r.Evenson Wendy J.brown Alison K.Br.nson Emily Budzynski-Seymour.Melanie Hayman Depar.ment of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and Nutr.tion Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Depar.ment of Anthr.pology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Car.lina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Spor. Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Backgr.und:The per.od following pr.gnancy is a cr.tical time window when futur. habits with r.spect to physical activity(PA) and sedentar. behavior.SB) ar. established;ther.for.,it war.ants *** pur.ose of this scoping r.view was to summar.ze public health-or.ented countr.-specific postpar.um PA and SB guidelines ***:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we per.or.ed a(a) systematic sear.h of 4 databases(CINAHL,Global Health,PubMed,and SPOr.Discus),(b) str.ctur.d r.peatable web-based sear.h separ.tely for.194 countr.es,and(c) separ.te web-based *** the most r.cent guideline was included for.each ***:We identified 22 countr.es with public health-or.ented postpar.um guidelines for.PA and 11 countr.es with SB *** continents with guidelines included Eur.pe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Afr.ca(n=1),Nor.h Amer.ca(n=1),and South Amer.ca(n=1).The most common benefits r.cor.ed for.PA included weight contr.l/management(n=10),r.ducing the r.sk of postpar.um depr.ssion or.depr.ssive symptoms(n=9),and impr.ving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpar.um guidelines specified exer.ises to engage in,including pelvic floor.exer.ises(n=17);muscle str.ngthening,weight tr.ining,or.r.sistance exer.ises(n=13);aer.bics/gener.l aer.bic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines r.mar.ed on the inter.ction between PA and br.astfeeding;sever.l guidelines stated that PA did not impact br.ast milk quantity(n=7),br.ast milk quality(n=6),or.infant gr.wth(n=3).For.SB,suggestions included limiting long-ter. sitting and inter.upting sitting with ***:Countr.-specific postpar.um guidelines for.PA and SB can help pr.mote healthy behavior. using a cultur.lly appr.pr.ate context while pr.viding specific guidance to public health pr.ctitioner..

关键词： Br.astfeeding Caesar.an section Guidelines Postnatal r.commendations